A very simple proximity detector

 by offlogic
Gadget freaks, model railroaders, roboticists or cat-hosts will love the versatility of the Sharp IS471 infrared proximity detector. It is the size of a transistor, operates over the 4-16 volt range, and can detect objects about 4-9 inches away by reflected IR pulses.
The basic implementation requires only the IS471, an IR LED and a 9 volt battery and can be built by most any tinkerer in less than 10 minutes.
 
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Step 1: Gather the parts

The parts you'll need are:
1) the Sharp IS471 (available for $2 at: http://www.junun.org/MarkIII/Info.jsp?item=46 or $3 from www.digikey.com, and others)
2) a 940nm IR emitter (such as the Fairchild QED-234, available from www.mouser.com for about 50 cents, and other sources)
3) Something to mount the above two items on. You've got a lot of options here. There are several excellent Instructables on making your own PCBs. If you want to try it out before doing the etching thing you can use a pluggable breadboard (not shown) or go with a small piece of perf-board (pads on .100" centers, shown at bottom left).
4) 9 volt batter and battery clip
5) Soldering iron & solder, diagonal cutters (if not going the breadboard route).

If you'd rather not etch, but still want something snazzy you might drop me a line about the very small custom perf-boards I had made at www.pad2pad.com (shown at bottom right), priced at $2 each for the bare boards, postage included).
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Tobor1977 says: Jan 14, 2013. 7:49 PM
I'd like a LED to light up when the detector detects something, is there a simple way to do that?

Thanks for the help.
Tobor1977 says: Jan 8, 2013. 12:33 PM
Great thank you for the quick reply, just ordered the dectors.
zgsx says: Jan 8, 2013. 11:01 AM
can u design the circuit ? i need it to light up 10 LED's
offlogic (author) in reply to zgsxJan 8, 2013. 12:12 PM
I can do better than that, I'll just send you a link!
http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk/ronj/tg1s.html
Tobor1977 says: Jan 8, 2013. 11:38 AM
Nice circuit. Two questions... how long did it takefor the company to make the custom perf boards and do you know if these components are available at Radio Shack? Thanks!
offlogic (author) in reply to Tobor1977Jan 8, 2013. 11:52 AM
I used Pad2Pad to handle the fab, and pushed it out to 3 week turn to keep it super cheap (under 20 cents per board). And, no, gotta order the detectors from the Internets.
zgsx says: Jan 8, 2013. 9:06 AM
is it possible to make it activate and stay activated until you wave infront of it again ?
offlogic (author) in reply to zgsxJan 8, 2013. 9:13 AM
It's possible to add a flip-flop to do this, but the basic circuit alone won't do this.
The venerable 4013 or a pair of NAND gates can do this nicely.
esg.827 says: Jun 4, 2012. 7:54 AM
Im making an array of LEDs , i want them to turn on and off with something like this, would it be possible??
offlogic (author) in reply to esg.827Jun 4, 2012. 8:22 AM
The datasheet is at http://www.junun.org/MarkIII/datasheets/IS471F.pdf
Raw output is good for sinking 50mA.
offlogic (author) in reply to esg.827Jun 4, 2012. 8:20 AM
Subject to the raw current output of the IS471, yes.
Otherwise add a transistor buffer or a driver chip to up the current capacity.
fbujold says: Feb 10, 2012. 3:18 PM
ir-detector for about 10$ you suppply 5 V you get an analog output .5 to 4 volt. No hassle garantee!
offlogic (author) in reply to fbujoldFeb 11, 2012. 5:10 PM
Yeah, that's a great device if you need proportional analog output.
It's expensive, but great if you don't just want a simple OC output!
Davius Minimus says: Jan 3, 2008. 2:16 PM
Radio shack has changed this chip (276-1323) recently (somewhere around January 2008). If you get it from radio shack make sure it's the one you want!
raven1479 in reply to Davius MinimusDec 20, 2011. 8:46 PM
thank u
rthapliyal says: Dec 11, 2011. 8:53 AM
does it give analog output???
coz it's not clear from the instructions that i does...
and also is IS741 available in india???
offlogic (author) in reply to rthapliyalDec 11, 2011. 9:00 PM
Nope, it's a discrete logic level, 1 or 0.
Not sure about availability in India, check local Sharp distributors or order via Junon over the interwebs.
shaunwhite says: Sep 28, 2010. 7:59 AM
Is the Vcc using 9v? because base on the datasheet of the QED234 Fairchild, it says tht the forward voltage is only 1.6 volt and a forward current of 100mA. Wouldnt it spoil the IR LED at tht voltage? Please educate me as i'm just a newbie in this sort of things
offlogic (author) in reply to shaunwhiteJul 2, 2011. 7:34 PM
If you hooked up an LED straight to the 9V batt it wouldn't work for long! :)
The Sharp part is made to handle this matter. It works just fine, trust me (as Bernie Madoff used to say).
sde meeter in reply to offlogicAug 6, 2011. 4:40 AM
Also if i run the 5V my PIC works on? Nice sensor by the way
offlogic (author) in reply to sde meeterNov 11, 2011. 12:55 AM
Yep, seems to work fine from 5VDC.
I think 4.5VDC will be at the lower limit, though, so no 3.3VDC.
reajrdn says: Oct 24, 2011. 12:20 PM
Stumbled onto all this info. Really exciting even for an ol' guy like me.
Far too many years from making PCBs and little widget circuitry.
At 80 yrs. old, am again starting a new company and the IR LED and Sharp IS471 may solve a problem--- better, create an opportunity.
I'm in Folsom, CA Home 916 989-3005
Office in Fair Oaks, CA
Would like to find some people who are into making PCBs and Proximity sensors. I need some help because my electronic savvy is too far lost in deep core.
And, possible opportunity for anyone looking to join an emerging company.

Carl Rea Jordan reajrdn@yahoo.com www.optx-ltd.com (emerging)
I have several other start-up and need some entrepreneur-type minds.
offlogic (author) in reply to reajrdnNov 11, 2011. 12:32 AM
I'm sending you an email, Carl. Curiosity and all. :)
Mike Nelson says: Nov 4, 2011. 10:56 AM
Not sure how hard it would be, but could you setup the "Alert" to go off when the IR Detector sees the IR light? So reverse basically? would it be a NOT chip or is there an easier way?

I want to setup an IR LED on one side of the cat food container and the detector on the other side, and have it light up a separate light when the food is low enough for the IR LED's path to not be blocked by cat food... so the path would be normally blocked...

Thanks!
offlogic (author) in reply to Mike NelsonNov 6, 2011. 12:19 PM
It's doable. The detector output is good to 50mA at up to 16V.
Just reverse the logic, so that your device operates on a logical 1 instead of a 0. For the step 8 example, you'd use an NPN transistor instead of the PNP shown.
Or an inverter chip, if you like.
cwienands says: Oct 11, 2011. 8:53 AM
Nice instructable. For the lazy amongst us, check out optoswitches such as the "Photo Reflective Sensor (SEN130A3B)" from Seeedstudio. Disclaimer: I'm not related to Seeedstudio in any way, it just happens that I ordered a couple of them the other day and had the part number available.
amruth says: Jun 21, 2011. 8:45 PM
Hi there author, i would like a LED get triggered when i move my hand in front of the detector. How do i make it happen, should i connect the positive side of the LED to the V-out pin and the negetive pin of the LED to the negetive side of the power source.
offlogic (author) in reply to amruthJul 2, 2011. 7:24 PM
Yeah, what steveastrouk said!
Sorry, I've been off for a while.
steveastrouk in reply to offlogicJul 3, 2011. 4:20 AM
Nice little project BTW.
steveastrouk in reply to amruthJun 26, 2011. 7:32 AM
No, connect the LED anode to the V+ pin, connect the LED cathode (via a resistor) to the Vo pin.
amruth in reply to steveastroukJul 2, 2011. 10:26 PM
THX.
warrendkelly2 says: Feb 11, 2011. 8:33 AM
Instruction #2 above indicates to connect the negative leg of the infrared LED to IS471F pin 4. Sharp IS471F data sheet indicates this pin 4 (GL) is an output voltage rating of 16. If the data sheet is correct and one connects as indicated above, will the proximity sensor still function properly?
offlogic (author) in reply to warrendkelly2Jul 2, 2011. 7:32 PM
That's the max rating of the driver.
It drives the IRLED just fine, really!
bvstang1967 says: Sep 25, 2008. 10:17 PM
Hello, I am an industrial design student and have been tasked with creating a Point of purchase display that makes use of light. I wanted to create a circuit that when an individual walks by the display would light up. Basically what I would like to know is there a way to increase the range of the detector to 3 or 4 feet? I would like to use a circuit similar to this one in conjunction with a relay circuit to activate a flashing led circuit that I found here:

http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-make-a-fast-blinking-LED-bike-light/

My electronics skills are rusty at best, I'm willing to get my hands dirty (with soldering flux I guess) but do you think this may be to complicated for a novice?
offlogic (author) in reply to bvstang1967Jul 2, 2011. 7:21 PM
Absolutely not! You CAN DO IT!
zmrobins in reply to bvstang1967Nov 5, 2008. 1:45 PM
would it be possible to replace infrared proximity sensor with wave frequency proximity sensor where the output too would be LED display output as bvstang wanted. could someone direct me to a link where it shows something about receiving and emitting frequencies. Thanks.
frontier in reply to bvstang1967Sep 30, 2008. 5:16 AM
to save time you can also easially buy cheap components that does this, in a plathora of varieties. just look on electronic sites. like sparkfun.com i know they got em.
offlogic (author) in reply to bvstang1967Sep 27, 2008. 2:39 PM
I've been able to increase the range to 3-4 feet by using a 2n7000 FET to drive a cluster of IR LEDs really hard. You can also use a lens to collect more of the reflected IR. Those are the two simplest ways I've found.
idaholaura in reply to offlogicNov 1, 2009. 10:30 AM
could you explain how to do this with the FET?

spiderfurby says: Jan 8, 2010. 8:21 PM
How sensitive is the detector sensing? Will it detect something like a second hand on a clock if it passes the sensor focal point?
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