Beginners Guide to Radio Control Airplanes

 by nickademuss
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SLow poke print.jpg
This instructable is intended to familiarize you with the basic workings of Radio controlled aircraft. It is not a complete guide to everything about the subject, its intended to inform the reader on what is involved and help you choose the right aircraft for you.

I grew up around this hobby, my Dad built and sold them back then. Me and him fly them when we get the chance. His airplanes will be pictured here as well as mine. Together we have more than 35 years of tinker time with this hobby.

Its both a relaxing and exciting hobby.
I must also warn you its addictive and don't worry we all crash our aircraft, but if you start out with the right trainer and simulator you will repair and fly again.


First a crash course in what the types of aircraft have in common.




 
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Step 1: Common to all types of RC airplanes-Radio

First before you choose the type of airplane you want to build and fly, lets go over what is common to most RC airplanes.

The radio transmitter and receiver: This is your link to the aircraft never scrimp when it comes to the radio, if it glitches you can crash or worse hurt someone. Radios come with two or more channels, the channels are also not what you think, they are not separate frequencies, instead they are each control. Most airplanes have 4 channels, rudder, ailerons, throttle and elevator. Sailplanes have just two or three. Radio transmitters are also on several radio frequencies and are set by the user by changing the matching crystals in the transmitter and receiver. Unless you have a newer radio that uses ultra high frequencies in the 2.4 gigahertz range, these radio's do not require crystals.
The radio receiver on gas powered aircraft is powered by a rechargeable battery, on an electric it can be powered by the same battery that powers the propeller threw a battery eliminator circuit.
The power is usually 4.6 to 6volts.

I have used several brands, most were good, as long as its a name brand one like Futaba, Airtronics, HiTec, or Tower hobbies (made by Futaba).

Its also a good idea if you plan on having more than one airplane you can get an extra receiver on the same frequency and use one radio with several airplanes. This is what I do, I have a programmable radio with six memories so I can switch between them. I simply bought a receiver for each airplane, much cheaper than another radio.
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aehall1976 says: Apr 23, 2013. 10:24 AM
There is also Phoenix R/C  which is comparative to Real Flight.
rule says: Apr 23, 2013. 8:41 AM
Use spellcheck everyone.
The Aviator says: Apr 9, 2013. 1:00 AM
Wow! Could you go into a little more detail about your Dads biplane. Thanks
mclancer says: Jan 13, 2013. 11:25 AM
Very informative instructable, I really enjoyed reading it. Thanks for the large amount of basic info, and the links are a great start.
ashwini11 says: Dec 22, 2012. 7:19 AM
Hey do we have to do any programing while conecting electronics to transmiter and reciever...??
nickademuss (author) in reply to ashwini11Dec 26, 2012. 9:54 AM
as in changing trim settings? the remote has slider switches next to the controls you simple touch them to change the trim...
ride on toy dude says: Oct 15, 2012. 1:39 PM
which do you prefer gas or electric? I came across an old max os 60 cc motor and am thinking of building an airplane.
ride on toy dude in reply to ride on toy dudeOct 16, 2012. 7:41 AM
Here are some pics of my engine.
DSCN1831.JPGDSCN1832.JPG
TheInventor1997 says: Jun 8, 2010. 8:24 AM
can you post an instructable that tells us how to make an airplane that drops a payload
ride on toy dude in reply to TheInventor1997Oct 16, 2012. 7:30 AM
you would need a five channel radio and reciever. Then you would hook up a servo to a payload container via controller rods that attach to the container. When you pressed the button on the radio the servo would release the payload. This is pretty simplified. you would have to do the rest of the thinking on your own.
ride on toy dude in reply to TheInventor1997Oct 15, 2012. 1:52 PM
Define "Payload".
simonkoenig911 in reply to TheInventor1997Feb 10, 2011. 5:58 AM
exercise that gray stuff...
just build the 8ft wingspan cub, but with more power, and 2 flaps in the bottom with servos.
piky02 says: Dec 31, 2011. 3:41 PM
hey im building a jet from bolsa wood (can never get the spelling right on that word) and i got 2 edfs that are 85mm wide quite powerful but i need 2 edfs in one servo slot also its going to be around the f22 design got any ideas?
nickademuss (author) in reply to piky02Jan 7, 2012. 8:29 PM
just get a "y" cable to go from 1 open radio channel to two, it will work well for what you want to do, the same way you can hook two servo's up to do ailerons
piky02 in reply to nickademussJan 8, 2012. 12:07 AM
ahhh man thats given me a blown mind i didnt think about the ailerons thx man big help
nickademuss (author) in reply to piky02Jan 9, 2012. 8:07 AM
twin engine gas aircraft use the same control method. Their RPM matched by either control arm adjustment or needle valve...
piky02 in reply to nickademussJan 10, 2012. 1:10 AM
link?
TheInventor1997 says: Jun 8, 2010. 8:00 AM
as i can see heli's are easier to fly but not as exiting as airplanes
ssurgenor in reply to TheInventor1997Jan 8, 2012. 7:35 AM
I think you have that the wrong way around, airplanes fly themselves to a certain extent, and you just have to tell it where to go. Helicopters on the other hand don't want to fly, it's a constant struggle just to keep them in the air, let alon get them to do what you want !
akshay.r says: Nov 29, 2011. 11:16 PM
nice..........
lesizz says: Nov 25, 2011. 10:44 AM
What a great hobby!
Since you're a photographer, have you experimented with mounting a miniature camera on an aircraft?

It seems to me that something modeled on a P-38 would be a hot aircraft with it's 2 engines.
madwheels37 says: Nov 22, 2011. 3:54 PM
Thanks a lot man. It's nice to have someone go over Everything. I am a beginner. I went to an air show, visited a club twice, and went to the hobby shop maybe 3 times. I also have a small car and a few air hogs, along with my new syma s033g. It's a coaxial heli, but like it okay, except for the 27mhz. Lots of wrecks cause it just gives out. I think my neighbor is a ham radio guy. Anyway, i have ran out of ink trying to print out as much stuff as I can on my printer twice! And went through a ream of paper. I have spent weeks on the net searching all about rc stuff. Any more vids, hints, tips, tool diy stuff, all would be greatly appreciated. Love hearing about all of it. --Ray
floidzzy says: Nov 22, 2011. 9:02 AM
hi, am floidzzy....am new here i hope to make new friends here so as to share ideals.... you can send me a mail on floidzzy@yahoo.com
Kelticpaddler says: Jun 9, 2011. 1:11 AM
Thermals or a good slope with a prevailing wind.

Slope lift means you can keep going for as long as your batteries can.

More reliable than thermals, easier to find too. :-)

I have to admit, a glider is such a stress-busting way to start, no noise, no dirty exhaust to clean, no refueling, just pitch up and launch.
nickademuss (author) in reply to KelticpaddlerSep 20, 2011. 3:12 PM
I live in utah now, so I will be hunting some slopes :)
Kelticpaddler in reply to nickademussOct 4, 2011. 8:55 AM
Utah? You lucky man.

Take a look at this guy making the most of slope lift...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Xo6N6_9rNQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TwOKtv8PnY

Enjoy :O)
bowmaster says: Aug 23, 2011. 6:06 PM
You left out turbine powered planes!! I guess exceeding 200-300mph is two much for you.
nickademuss (author) in reply to bowmasterSep 20, 2011. 3:05 PM
I left them out because I dont have any, and they dont allow them at allot of AMA fields in my area, in face never seen one in person, maybe when they get cheaper, I will...
rustymia says: Aug 2, 2011. 8:38 AM
i recently went to my local Fun Fly, and they had a plane that had a 200cc engine in it and the wingspan was easily 8 foot.
Also, my uncle used to make planes and some of his he would put chainsaw or lawnmower engines in.
nickademuss (author) in reply to rustymiaAug 5, 2011. 9:29 AM
Mmmmm, chainsaw motor !
ms10 says: Jul 28, 2011. 2:21 PM
thanks for posting this project. i liked it.its really useful .
Irock148 says: Jun 4, 2011. 5:50 PM
whatwould be a cheap rc plane that comes witha gas engine
nickademuss (author) in reply to Irock148Jul 16, 2011. 6:00 PM
hmmm, nexstar trainer
TheInventor1997 says: Jun 8, 2010. 8:11 AM
hey what do you reccomend? i am a beginner RC'er i have some experience in RC heli's but none in planes i hate to charge for hours just to get 15 minutes of flight what should i get? ps i crash sometimes
nickademuss (author) in reply to TheInventor1997Jul 16, 2011. 5:59 PM
sky fly 2, great little trainer
Kelticpaddler in reply to TheInventor1997Jun 9, 2011. 1:16 AM
"ps I crash sometimes"

We all crash sometimes, that's just part of the game :-)

You just learn to roll with it. Re-build and star again.
xarlock667 in reply to TheInventor1997Sep 6, 2010. 8:55 PM
Get one of the Lithium Polymer batteries, OR get a gas engine. Either one will save on turnaround time.
rbhamare says: Jun 26, 2011. 6:40 AM
I am building an electric RC plane.
In step 2... connections shown in picture are of analog transmitter or any other connections....?
please tell me detail connections of transmitter.....????
please tell me..
Kelticpaddler says: Jun 9, 2011. 1:07 AM
I started to fly like this, but when I progressed to my largest (and last) model, my 1/3rd scale Pitts I swopped rudder and aileron.

It makes slow rolls and multi point rolls easier to handle as counteractive rudder and negative elevator are on one control.

goud553 says: May 31, 2011. 8:40 AM
what is it going to cost to get started in a hobby like nitro rc planes if i go to a local hobby store
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