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Build a Polar 3-D Printer from Legos

Build a Polar 3-D Printer from Legos
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Have you ever dreamed of having one of those replicators from Star Trek? Ever wanted to make just about anything at the flip of a switch?

Well guess what? You're in luck, because in this Instructable I will show you how to make the closest thing to a replicator that current technology can manage; a 3D printer.

Wait a minute, isn't there another Instructable on how to make a 3D printer from Legos? Yep, there is, but this 3D printer is different; it's a polar 3D printer and it's capable of printing out so much more than just chocolate.

Now at this point in the intro you're probably thinking what do I mean by polar 3D-printer. Is it a 3D-printer that only works in the in the polar regions?

A polar printer is a printer whose principal axes, or how it can move, are radius(in and out), angle(spin clockwise/counter clockwise), and as opposed to a Cartesian printer whose principal axes are X(left/right), Y(up/down). In other words, it moves just like a polar coordinate system.

So why did I make a polar 3D printer instead of a good ol' Cartesian 3D printer?

1. I didn't have enough Legos to build a Cartesian printer.
2. I hope to eventually add a 3D laser scanner to it so I can scan in objects and send them to another printer somewhere else in world. Making sort of a 'teleporter'.

Before I begin this Instructable, I must remind you all of something; I have not yet finished developing control software for it.

Before you start posting variants of "This Instructable sucks" in the comments, I would like to remind you of something, the Altair 8800, the world's first successful personal computer, the computer that is the reason why you are able to read this Instructable and post derogatory comments, came with no control software either. But the Altair 8800 had prospects and it ignited a revolution. In fact, Bill Gates and some friends started Microsoft by writing software for the Altair.

I hope that this 3d printer will ignite the 3d printing revolution, so build one and join the revolution!!!

I would also like to thank the people at reprap.org for their help and support.
 
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Step 1Materials, aka time to start cannibalizing your Lego models for parts

1. Legos(rare parts below)
-10 worm gears
-5 gear racks
-1 Mindstorms NXT smart brick
-3 NXT motors and cabling
-1 Mindstorms RCX smart brick or an NXT smartbrick if you have two

2. The Ultimate Fabric Painter, available at hobby/craft stores for about $20.

3. an aquarium air pump and tubing. Don't use the included air pump as it simply isn't powerful enough. Usually about $5-$10

4. a Lego table; I bought mine at a garage sale for about $10.

5. frosting, I used easy flow decorating icing. About $5

6. 1 transparency sheet or some wax paper. NOTE: if it is for inkjet and laser printers, wash the inkjet side off.

7. scotch tape and duct tape

8. Hot glue gun(tool)

7. Scissors(tool)
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105 comments
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May 15, 2012. 12:38 PMAJMansfield says:
Just so you know: this is not a 'polar' 3D printer. The words 'polar' and 'cartesian' refer to coordinates in TWO dimensions. The proper name for this printer's coordinate system would be 'cylindrical' as opposed to the other two common 3D coordinate systems, rectangular and spherical. Although I understand that saying that this is a cylindrical 3D printer would be confusing because the word also refers to a particular shape, same goes for 'spherical' and 'rectangular'.
Sep 6, 2010. 9:35 PMjam BD says:
Lego can be so many things.
If you control Lego you control the WORLD!!!
Dec 23, 2011. 9:12 PMsherrycayheyhey says:
I love this, I'm going to quote that lol. If you control LEGO you control the WORLD.
Sep 9, 2010. 11:41 AMMudbud says:
word..
Jul 23, 2011. 12:36 PMVenomousFish. says:
One of my pet hates is the pluralization of 'Lego'. It seems to be an entirely American thing. Here in Ireland we say 'I built a house out of Lego', as opposed to 'I built a house out of Legos'. Basically, we use the word like you would the word 'Wood' (Try saying that 10 times quickly!) Sorry for my little rant...
Dec 23, 2011. 9:10 PMsherrycayheyhey says:
Ahh the Lego/Legos debate haha. I've read an announcement directly from TLG (The Lego Group) that neither LEGO nor LEGOS is correct when referring to individual pieces or sets. LEGO is a combinations of the Danish words for "play well" (leg godt) and is the brand name. When referring to individual pieces or sets, it is correct to say LEGO bricks or LEGO set but not LEGO by itself. This seemed to make sense to me and was a good answer to the debate but then I saw another announcement that said the company didn't care much so I don't know if there's anything official. Calling them Legos is definitely something I've heard a lot and seems to be the most popular way to refer to them in the US. I guess in the end whether you call them LEGO or LEGOS people still know what you're talking about and it's still a great line of building toys.
Aug 14, 2011. 11:53 AMChrishugh says:
English has many dialects. You'd think all English speakers would know that.
Jul 30, 2011. 10:16 PMJaycub says:
I think it's because we consider each brick or part to be one "Lego" (even if it's not Lego brand).
Aug 3, 2011. 7:28 AMAlgag says:
yeah, because i have x-many lego bricks so i have x-many legos, and sometimes we can pluralize wood, but it is kind of slang, as in I am going in to the woods, as a synonym for forest (but forest sounds much more significant and magnificent)
Jun 17, 2011. 4:20 PMninjaaa says:
Nice ;)
Apr 25, 2011. 7:26 PMjehan60188 says:
really neat.
hope you develop this further!
Mar 28, 2011. 3:38 PMMr.Stein says:
You think I could modify this to use Arduino and servos?
Mar 25, 2011. 3:02 PMdombeef says:
Can the fabric extruder handle the plastic in regular printers?
Sep 18, 2010. 2:40 PMMirime says:
Umm replicators are from Stargate SG1 not trek the closet thing i've seen is the borg
Nov 15, 2010. 6:27 AMheadphoned says:
Replicators are from Star Trek. They're the devices they use to create pretty much everything, except when it's convenient for a plot for the material to be un-replicatable.
Nov 16, 2010. 12:29 PMMirime says:
Ok we are talking about two different things i'm talking about a lifeform you are talking about a tool
Nov 16, 2010. 8:33 PMheadphoned says:
Ahaha, yeah. I know. I'm a Stargate fan, too. I'm guessing the author meant the replicators from Star Trek, at least I'm hoping. If he intends to build the ones from Stargate, we're in for a lot of trouble! :)
Nov 22, 2010. 11:54 AMMirime says:
Yep but when i first read that line i thought of the lifeform

take away all the metal objects and she still makes more of her little friends
Sep 6, 2010. 10:01 PMmacrumpton says:
I wonder if you could simplify this device by mounting the work surface on a screw, and as the work surface rotates it automatically lowers the surface a precise amount. It takes some control away of your z axis but simplifies construction a lot. Another simplifying possibility is to use a pivoting arm (like a turntable) rather than a straight track. Of course you would need to compensate for the curved path of the arm as opposed to the simpler straight path of the track, but that is pretty easily done in the software.
Sep 4, 2010. 8:31 AMEvilElvis says:
Nicely done instructable... always love Legos being repurposed. Just wondering if this concept could be applied to a small dremel cutting tool rather than an extruder.
Dec 12, 2009. 4:31 AMthomnich says:
 Can you please post a video of how it works?
Sep 3, 2010. 3:56 PMgazillion114 says:
can it make more than mounds? :) i also agree
Jun 7, 2008. 3:40 PMmeztek says:
This is a great idea! I have never seen a polar coordinate machine working, only the cartesian robot. Keep up the great work!
Jun 7, 2008. 3:53 PMmeztek says:
I almost forgot. If you want a material that will become hard, you should try fabepoxy. It was formulated for the Fab@Home project, which has a similar extruder to yours. See http://www.kraftmark.biz/order.html to look into it.
Sep 2, 2010. 3:39 PMcriggie says:
...and tasty.
Jun 9, 2008. 11:08 AMmeztek says:
What does viscosity mean? It definitely will work in your fabric pen. I would ask kraftmark what the viscosity is. They created it.
Jun 24, 2010. 2:56 PMqwertyzzz18 says:
viscosity just means how thick it is. eg: honey has a higher viscosity than water.
Jun 12, 2008. 4:11 PMmeztek says:
I have not handled it before. I hope to get some in the next few weeks. When I do, I will get back to you.
Sep 2, 2010. 1:53 PMCoolKoon says:
Say, do you have any news on the control software? Or any tips which could help one do some programming should he decide to do something similar?
Sep 2, 2010. 12:07 PMSilence says:
Slap a cake under that frosting extruder and you can make a pretty funky happy birthday design !!
Sep 2, 2010. 8:53 AMARJOON says:
how about the controllers
Sep 1, 2010. 12:18 PMFrag says:
unfortunately, this not being a cartesian printer you can't steal the programming from any old printer and modify it as needed. the only thing im unsure of in this instructable is if you have a motor set up under the turntable. i haven't gotten a chance to make one of these yet, but as soon as i do ill get to work on a code to manipulate both the turntable and the printing arm. GREAT IDEA BY THE WAY using a Polar 3D printer. im envious of your idea and manipulation of Legos
Mar 20, 2010. 7:27 PMzack247 says:
now i just need $400 for the nxt set and im good to go!
Mar 17, 2010. 4:52 PMKnexFreek says:
 DUDE!!!! Make the fifth picture the intro picture!!! Than the ratings will go up substantially!!!!!OMG!!!
Jan 16, 2010. 10:15 AMmacrumpton says:
It looks like a great project. I wonder how hard it would be to create a printer that uses hot glue. You could control the flow of  the glue with compressed air and maybe have a small air jet to cool the glue after it has been deposited.
Sep 1, 2008. 2:30 PMconrad2468 says:
ok i have an off subject question (kind of) i want to make a model only on a program but it has to have moving parts ex. a gun whereas the when its fired all the parts react like another round will go into the chamber and the firing pin will reset. does anyone have/know of a program with these reactive physics in it?
Sep 3, 2009. 9:22 PMH3xx says:
SR 3D Builder. Its an open source 3d Lego set. it has its fair share of bugs but its under active development and has a massive Lego data base.
Jul 16, 2009. 11:36 AMToulouse says:
maybe blender 3d?
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