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Building a Whiskey still

Building a Whiskey still
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I will be explaining how to "theoretically" make a distiller (Whiskey Still). (this Instructable is for learning purposes only as I am not sure of your local laws. i take no resposibility for your actions!)

The still shown below was given to my grandfather as a gift, but it is a fully working still which would theoretical create distilled water, alcohol, etc (we never really tested it). It may not be homemade, but it is perfect for explaining the basic process.

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Step 1The Process

The Process
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First, i will explain the process of getting alcohol.
To start you need a "Fermented Mash"- "Braga" (recepies will be at the end). The braga is what originally contains the alcohol.

Once you have the braga, you will place it into into the container which is heated. The braga will boil, causeing the alcohol (which has a lower boiling point than water) to evaporate, go up the tube, and into the "Zmeevik" (curly tube in the refrigerator, aka the condensator). In the zmeevik, the alcohol condensates (do to the lower temperature caused by cold water in the refrigerator) and drips into the cup (or bucket if your makeing a lot).
Make sure the thermomiter never goes above 90 degrees(centigrade) (at 100 degrees (centigrade) water starts to boil; if this happens, it means there is no more alcohol in the braga).

You can now through the alcohol-less braga away.

Congradulastions! You have made your first "Samogon" (which means self distilled or moonshine).
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80 comments
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Jan 30, 2010. 8:38 AMDr Quest says:
found this if anyones interrested in get one instead of building one.
http://www.coolest-gadgets.com/20090309/the-missisipi-distiller/
Jan 8, 2012. 12:40 PMlx2036 says:
For more practical but still pretty stills, check out: Whiskey Still
Oct 28, 2011. 11:09 AMneffk says:
Is your test sensitive only to methanol and the long-chain alchols? I've heard of theoretically using potassium permanganate for this purpose, but had never seen it done.

Also, I should point out that there is virtually no risk of methanol poisoning in the home-brewing of beer and wine. When you concentrate such a solution, you are not increasing the amount of impurities. True, the concentration will be higher, but you'll be consuming smaller volumes. If you use a reasonable yeast, moderate temperature, and everything is kept clean, there is virtually no risk of methanol. And whatever risk there is can be alleviated by throwing out the first bit---there are rules of thumb. Personally, I collect multiple fractions. And out of curiosity, I'm going to try the test you described.

There ARE dangers in distillation, but those traditionally come from heavy-metal poisoning and fire. The risk is very low if you are working with tiny (a few gallons) batches, especially when using constant monitoring. Furthermore, copper (with lead-free solder), stainless, or glass hardware are all food safe.

May 28, 2010. 5:22 AMEirinn says:
I'm not big on chemistry, but i know ethanol is good and methanol is the stuff that makes you go blind (or worse) in the fermentation process and the distillation - what prevents the reactions that produces methanol? What is the risk? And is this a cause of concern?

I'm guessing the permanganate triggers on methanol?

Jul 17, 2011. 11:10 PMcoffee steam says:
It helps to remove stems and other "woody' parts of things you are fermenting, these break down to wood alcohol during fermenting.
It evaporates sooner (lower temp) than the drinking alcohol, so you throw away the first stuff that comes out of your still, since any wood alcohol and acetone (tastes nasty too) comes out first if you heat it up nice and slow.
You can get a digital thermometer for about $15 from most large hardware stores, so you can tell when to start collecting the drinkable stuff.
www.homedistiller.org has a LOT of info on this.
Feb 23, 2011. 8:50 AMcustompolaris says:
So theortically if you were to do this how would you get rid of your first 100ml and you last 300ml. How would you go about getting rid of them? does the recipe you provide make one liter each? If that was so would you just take a cup get to 100ml maybe 150 for safe measures then go till your almost out kinda thing?
Mar 1, 2011. 3:21 PMslawlercaust says:
you use several smaller containers as collection containers. so say you use three, the first one is filled to about 100ml. then you fill up containers until you think there is approx. 300ml left and then you place the next jar. the first and last containers can be reused when you distill again. dont forget to label your containers. hope this helped.
Feb 2, 2011. 11:00 PMZegen says:
Very well done. Thanks for sharing!
May 8, 2008. 9:15 PMdeth2all says:
chances are about going blind are slim to none these days, its really an urban legend coming from prohibition days when people would use methanol and isopropyl alcohol and god knows what else.
Jan 10, 2011. 8:02 PMfretted says:
They used wood Alcho in those days blindness was commonplace as well as death for those who bought the nasty cheap brew abd those who made it knew what they were brewing they were after the buck ...
Aug 5, 2008. 2:38 PMEsmagamus says:
The problem with moonshine was the fact that the condensers were usually used car radiators that used anti freeze containing methanol. Even today, anti freeze is generally poisonous, but not due to methanol.
Jul 5, 2011. 12:44 PMseltzer10 says:
the car radiators also contained open lead solder joints, so by running steam over these solder joints they were introducing lead into the batch. drinking heavy metals didnt help the consumer either.
May 9, 2008. 7:28 AMDeLorean4905 says:
I second that. There is NOTHING in ethanol that can make you go blind. That is caused by methanol, which does not occur in a saccharomyces-fermented (yeast) brew. And the distilled product is never 100% alcohol. Since the boiling temp of ethanol and water are so close, you're still picking up a lot of water in the vapors. The best you can get in one distilling is gonna be about 95% and that's pushing it.
Oct 28, 2011. 11:12 AMneffk says:

Yeah. And to get even close to 95%, you need a well-designed refluxing still, not just a hillbilly pot still.
Sep 6, 2008. 12:14 AMjasontimmer says:
BUT- ethanol is still poisonous. And fun.
Jan 15, 2009. 5:18 PMGilo says:
I just had a shot of vodka. "Ican't see! I can't see! I can't see!" Why? I close m eyes when I gulp it down in one swing. :) Good instructable!
Aug 5, 2008. 2:36 PMEsmagamus says:
Except if you use wine instead. Then, there's methanol.
Jul 5, 2009. 1:13 AMicharted says:
What kind of syrup?
Dec 15, 2010. 6:24 AMViaticus says:
As christopherk239 is describing...we always started with "simple syrup" - one cup of refined (table) sugar per 1/2 cup of water. Bring the sugar and water to a simmer in a small saucepan, stirring until sugar is dissolved, then simmer 5 minutes. Cool syrup completely. Adjust the portions based on your need, of course, but that is the ratio.

Also, Torani syrups are used in coffee houses to flavor coffee...not a bad choice and you can try some different flavors to see how they impact the flavor of your "squeezin's"
Apr 17, 2010. 9:34 PMjimmy4352gmail.com says:
 Molasses makes Rum, blue agave (sold as a maple syrup substitute) will make tequila. Anything sugary will work; maple syrup, cane sugar, beet sugar, even maple syrup. I imagine Caro syrup would be very effective because i think it's almost pure high fructose corn syrup (fructose is just a type of sugar).
Jul 5, 2011. 12:48 PMseltzer10 says:
if you could post a comment containing the maple ratios it would be greatly apreciated =} thx m8
May 24, 2009. 4:24 PMlil jon168 says:
i used 1 gallon of water 12 ounces and 2 packets of yeast (14 oz)
Aug 16, 2009. 1:54 PMchristopherk239 says:
u can use 1kg of sugar 18.5g of yeast nd 2L of water 2 make the "braga" leave it in a container with an airlock on top for 5 days in a warm room
Oct 9, 2010. 8:25 PMJames_Fergason says:
You mean regular table sugar? and regular bread yeast?
Oct 10, 2010. 1:18 PMchristopherk239 says:
yes. i could be wrong but it worked for me and i got all i needed at my local supermarket
Oct 10, 2010. 7:12 PMJames_Fergason says:
Could u give me the recipe u used?
I'm confused, he used 600g syrup.
What brand? Evidently Karo adds salt and preservatives in theirs. Wouldn't that interfere with the fermentation?
What did u use?
Oct 11, 2010. 2:56 PMchristopherk239 says:
1kg of sugar in 2ltr of water. try and disolve all the sugar in the water then just ad normal bread yeast (18g) and thats it
May 7, 2008. 4:22 PMosgeld says:
altho the making of the "mash" was informative why did you title this "build a still" spent less than a paragraph on it?
Apr 17, 2010. 9:29 PMjimmy4352gmail.com says:
 Actually the still used in this Instructable is sold for making perfume, but a still is a still, it can distill pretty much anything.
Oct 3, 2010. 7:22 PMairecrist says:
hopefully you didn't get it used :P
May 10, 2008. 1:59 PMosgeld says:
(removed by author or community request)
Oct 21, 2008. 7:44 PMunconcerned says:
Stills are easy to make but I understand your confusion. There are 3 important parts to making a standard pot still (like the one in this DIY). First you need a boiling pot, needs to be over 5 gallons otherwise you'll lose too much when you throw away your first and last 100ml (also called heads and tails). Moving on your boiling pot needs to be connected to a condenser, you can either build your own (look it up, it would take too much space to describe) or buy one (they are not cheap). At the end you need a collection pot/jar, this whole assembly will work better if its close to air tight. That is a basic pot still that will produce a distillate of about 60% alcohol. For higher percentages you need a reflux still which is mildly more complicated. And if you live in the U.S. for the love of god don't make one, no matter how young or poor you are its not worth the serious prison time. And if you are under 21 don't be stupid, working a still is a very time consuming (takes over a week to produce even the foulest sugar vodka) thing and your parents will catch on. If your over 21 spend the extra $5 a bottle and buy your vodka legally.
Sep 3, 2009. 7:23 PMH3xx says:
Depending on where in the states you live, it may be legal to make a small still for personal use, but don't just assume it's legal where you are. Research it. Go to the court house and use their library. Its free to the public. Most places will require you to get special permits or just flat out ban the still all together. Of course any where in the states you have to be over 21 one to even consider this. Personally I'd go with beer first, as its easier to make, then try making a bottle of whiskey. This is more of a hobby than an enabler for alcoholics. Its easier and some times cheaper to just go to the liquor store.
Aug 5, 2008. 2:34 PMEsmagamus says:
I want to build a car like that!
Jul 19, 2010. 11:45 AMLee Wilkerson says:
Actually if you use at least 51% corn to make the sour mash and age the resulting alcohol solution at least 3 years in a new charred oak barrel, it qualifies as bourbon. More aging results in a much smoother bourbon, but also loses more liquid to absorption/evaporation. A 25 year-old bourbon usually loses about 75% to 85%. ~/Lee
Apr 6, 2010. 12:13 AMAlpha Bravo says:
Excelent! at least someone is looking out for people's health! haven't seen this in any of the other instructables id is definitely something to consider if one was to consider risking drinking this stuff.
Sep 4, 2009. 9:06 PMsmatt444 says:
where does the thermometer have to be in the liquid or the steam?
Sep 17, 2008. 5:06 PMRomi Sharpe says:
I drink water from my tap which is brought to me through copper tubing. Should I be concerned?
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