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DIY Printed circuit board

video DIY Printed circuit board
I want to share my personal experience with heat toner transfer method of making PCB.
It's easy to learn for beginners and it delivers very good result for fair price.
Do fast prototyping with fun!
Enjoy!
...
To get more info about LIQUID TIN see Spec sheet at
http://www.mgchemicals.com/products/421.html
...

NOTE!!! Why it works only with laser printer!

Heat toner transfer is possible because it employs physical properties of laser printer toner.
Toner is a mix of a very fine plastic powder and black pigment.
When paper is being heated by fuser inside printer plastic particles melts and sticks to paper.
If we attach paper to flat surface and apply heat to paper so temperature of paper exceeds toner melting point,  plastic melts again and sticks to adjacent surface.

If you don't have laser printer you can use xerox to make copy of your artwork. Since xerox employs laser technology it should work the same way.

104 comments
1-40 of 104next »
Jan 31, 2012. 6:40 AMtruebeliever71 says:
Great tutorial! I'm considering making my own board for mounting/soldering high powered Cree LEDs to. Would this stand up to the high temps of the LEDs? I will have it mounted to a heatsink and add a fan if needed.
Oct 6, 2010. 10:22 PMjoko0124 says:
should it be a laser printer only? can i used an ink-jet printer for instance cannon pixma? tnx!
Jan 1, 2011. 5:44 PMedwinxxl says:
Laser printer only, he explained it very well, so: No inkjet printers.
Oct 11, 2010. 12:27 AMjoko0124 says:
oh thank u very much, i've applied it already and i appreciate your post... tnx a lot buddy!
Apr 23, 2009. 6:27 AMMrPhelps says:
Nice one. I tried this technique once but got bad results, I think the problem lied in the type of paper I used and I'll retry with glossy paper. When etching with FeCl3, why do you rub the board with a sponge ? Is it just to speed up the process or is it important for the toner technique ?
Aug 8, 2011. 9:52 PManshu_de says:
Laser printer and photo copier machines uses Toner. Which is a plastic like material w,which melt when some heat is applied to it. this is the basic tech. behind this.

You can use glossy photo paper, i used Magazine paper which is also glossy paper. Don't worry about the stuff printed on paper because it is printed with ink. and will not affect your design.

Rubbing is done to remove the extra dirt or something on copper clad board.

Do it properly and u'll get better results.
Jun 14, 2009. 5:38 PMbliz23 says:
What printer were you using? I used a brother laser printer and couldn't get any good results and I did some research and they said that almost any printer besides a brother laser works. Something with brother's toners are at a higher temperature.
Apr 30, 2012. 6:47 PMcelem says:
I use a Brother HL-2140 with good results. I put a clothes iron on the highest setting and iron for about 3 minutes. I put a meat thermometer against the iron and it read 180 degrees F.
May 2, 2012. 11:27 AMcelem says:
UPDATE: My success was with Brother brand toner. When I used a non-Brother brand refill (Roswill) I had 100% failure. The toner would not reliably stick to the copper. I believe that the off-brand toner contains fuser oil, which is known to prevent adhesion to copper, while genuine Brother copper is free of fuser oil. By the way, although my thermometer read 180 degrees, I suspect that the actual temperature is much higher because I have read that Brother toner melts around 370F versus HP toner that melts around 338 - 356°F
Aug 13, 2011. 11:35 PMHalt! I am Reptar says:
ahhhghgh!!!! I've been trying with a brother printer for weeks now. I was getting so hopeless. I used different magazines an iron and two different laminators with no luck. Thank you.
Jan 30, 2010. 2:40 PMShadyman says:
HP Laserjet 4 works great too :)
Jun 16, 2009. 2:50 PMbliz23 says:
Hm.... haven't heard anything about that one. Your iron on its highest setting and printing at highest quality? whats not working right?
Oct 18, 2008. 12:19 PMuber man says:
I'm sorry I must sound like a total dunce right now what is the difference between the curcuit board U are showing and the green ones please help I'm only 10!
Sep 6, 2010. 12:14 PMllamma1010 says:
Ok Im 12 so bear with me here. The professional boards us a plastic resin to stop short circuiting it is just a dye. But don't worry these boards are perfectly safe. The company just doesn't want to get sued so they put the extra precaution on so that it can't get sued. I REPEAT THEY ARE PERFECTLY SAFE so no worry there.
Sep 11, 2010. 12:21 PMtristantech says:
I'm 14, let me explain. What you are talking about is called a solder mask. It is an extra layer on most commercial or professional boards that prevents solder from flowing from one trace and accidentally coming in contact with another. It is only necessary for small surface mount components, Homemade boards should be fine for through hole or wider-pitch (spacing between pins) SMD components. The solder mask comes in lots of colors, but green is the usual.

Another extra layer you can add to a professional board is a silkscreen layer that lets you put text onto the board for labeling parts, values, and what the board does.

But, it does not have anything to do with lawsuits. The cheap commercial boards don't have one either! They are an extra thing that usually cost more. If there is a short in the board from soldering, then that is the designer's fault not the fabricator.

Hope that helps!
Feb 20, 2009. 12:23 AMSeifpic says:
Hey, I'm 10 too!
Jun 14, 2009. 5:19 PMAzayles says:
The green (or blue, sometimes) you see on commercially produced circuit boards is called a solder resist. It stops unwanted solder bridges forming between copper tracks that are close together because the solder doesn't stick to the green area. If you ever do repairs or moderations to a circuit board with this green layer, you often find you have to scrape it away in some places with a sharp knife to expose the copper underneath to solder it.
May 18, 2010. 6:54 PMsparktech says:
Oh i see it was already answered before in the comments ah that makes sense.

May 18, 2010. 6:52 PMsparktech says:
hey AP i was wondering when you do all the chemicals do the holes for your parts get eaten away also or do you have to drill your own holes?  thank you!
Great movie!
May 9, 2010. 11:30 AMwesie42 says:
Hello AP, How do you get the coated circuit board that you transfer the toner on to? Also, is LIQUID TIN mandatory?
Jan 7, 2009. 7:35 PMpopcorn man says:
how does one add thorough=holes for adding components?
Jun 24, 2009. 7:28 PMsolis365 says:
on the same thought, if making a 2-layer board... how do you plate the holes/vias through? just let a ball of solder melt and fill in the hole and make contact with a pad on either side?
May 9, 2010. 11:44 AMwesie42 says:
fill the holes with solder paste, then put in components, then let it sit on a hot plate until it melts and poof! you got it lol
Apr 9, 2010. 8:10 AMwhybjorn says:
Hey AP Digital Light,
Great instructable. Have a question for you. Do you print the artwork directly from eagle, or do you use the gerber files some how? I want to make sure I know how to do this the right (easiest) way. Thanks again
Mar 30, 2010. 6:09 AMpictux says:
hi, there's a cheaper alternative way to do the job: magazine paper instead of photo paper!!
Look at here:
http://www.riccibitti.com/pcb/pcb.htm

Jun 30, 2009. 12:43 PMTangibleImagination says:
As fantastic as the toner transfer method is, it's really a pain in the butt with regular paper. There's a company in the US, Pulsar Pro FX, they make a specialized PCB fabrication kit. The main differences between their method and the standard DIY method, are: 1. Their paper is specially designed for the purpose. You're actually printing on a water-soluble substrate, so it comes right off, leaving the toner on the board. 2. You run the board/paper combo through a laminating machine which provides perfect even pressure and heat. 3. The Toner Reactive Foil is then laminated over the resulting toner image to help seal it. (Because the toner is porous) They also include white TRF to do a 'silkscreen' on the finished board. The laminating machine is just an off-the-shelf pocket lamination machine, and therefor handy for its intended purpose as well. It was a very good deal. Also, I figure I should mention, I use a homemade Cupric Chloride etchant, instead of Ferric Chloride. Safer and easier to dispose of...not that you'd need to, it can (Theoretically) be 'renewed' indefinitely. I have 'Tinnit' for plating my traces, but haven't used it yet out of laziness.
Mar 9, 2010. 9:49 PMflyingpumpkin says:
 if you punch holes with a needle or exacto knife in the "empty" parts of your image it will just float off with no effort in water.  It is all about accessibility of the water.  It is worth 1 minute of knicking the paper a bunch of times.
Mar 25, 2009. 12:16 PMmdog93 says:
what does the liquid tin do? does it stop current from crossing where you don't want it to? mdog
Mar 26, 2009. 2:58 PMmdog93 says:
okie dokie cheers mdog
1-40 of 104next »

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