video Demonstrating Hidden A Danger Microwave
The heating of water in the microwave can actually be dangerous? Watch the video and see the potential hazzards involved with this everyday activity. Water alone should never be heated in a microwave. Watch and find out why.
Gas will condense out of a saturated liquid if there are points of low pressure. Soundwaves travelling through a liquid do this since sound is just periods of high and low pressure. The low pressure allows gas to condense out easier. If your microwave turntable turns fast enough to cause microscopic eddies around the sides of the container (liquids dont tend to turn as a whole if you turn them, the sides will as they stick to the cup, but the centre wont move much), then it will boil. The centre of eddies are lower pressure than the surrounding fluid, just like tornados.
BUT, the smaller the cup in the centre of the turntable the less speed the sides are moving at, the less chance of eddies forming due to the different speeds in the liquid. Honestly most microwaves probably don't turn fast enough to have any effect. So.. yes in all likelihood it will happen.
A ceramic cup, or pyrex glass, when new are near perfectly smooth down to the atomic level. Most water is to all extents "pure", unless you live a a very hard (chalk flakes in the water hard) water area. As a microwave excites the water in the cup as a whole relatively evenly, not like a pan where only the bottom of the pan conducts heat to the water, causing water to "convect" (hot water rising as it becomes less dense, making the water circulate from to top to bottom), the water can receive more energy than it needs to boil into a gas.
This is because for a bubble to form it needs a point to concentrate on. This can be a pressure wave through the liquid, like that caused when water circulates. You can test this yourself, get 2 bottles of larger and a friend. After opening your friend's larger, tap the lip of the open bottle downwards and watch as the gas in the larger is released by the soundwave travelling through the glass into the larger, and he calls you a dick for covering him in beer.
Another way gas bubbles form is on scratches and imperfections in the container walls. This is why bubbles form on the inside of open lemonade bottles, a scratch on the bottle wall allows CO2 molecules to condense (long boring explanation why, basically static electricity on a very small scale). Once a bubble forms it causes pressure changes in the surrounding solvent which then allows other bubbles to form.
In a new cup there are no microscopic scratches yet, and as the water is heated from the centre outwards, no convection currents form. So the still water can superheat. Which then explosively boils the moment you move the cup/put a spoon/milk into it.
If you have a new powerful microwave and a new cup,put a wooden chopstick in it or stir it first before heating up your tea or coffee.
Pyrex and glass are the worst offenders. As cited elsewhere porous materials are safer, and water purity plays a major role.
Boiling water faster