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How to Choose the Right Survival Knife

How to Choose the Right Survival Knife
This is my guide for how to choose the right survival knife. This is by no means a definitive list, because it depends on your personal tastes and the situations you are likely to be in, but I hope to tell you some of the main features you should consider for a general purpose blade. 

if there is anything incorrect in this instructable, please let me know.
Also, these pictures are from google images to illustrate my points. 
 
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Step 1The Law

The Law
In the UK, the law is fairly tight. I am not going to go too in depth about it, but my source of knowledge is here if you want to check up on it, or get some examples.  In general:

You may not carry a knife with more than 3" of cutting edge, and it may not lock open. Butterfly knives, flick knives, or other assisted opening knives are also banned; if you are caught with one in public, you will end up in jail. 

Knives over this length may not be carried without good reason. The exception to this is :
1. Knives carried for work
2. Knives carried for religious reasons
3. Knives carried as part of national dress

As for what a public place is:

The Prevention of Crime Act 1953 section 1(4) provides that;

'a public place includes any highway and any other premises to which the public have or are permitted to have access, whether on payment or otherwise'

This also includes your car (even if it is locked). 
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25 comments
Mar 2, 2012. 2:23 PMBrazilian Saber Tooth says:
Very usefull information and I will probably use some of your tips in my tryings.
Feb 12, 2012. 9:15 AMrusty0101 says:
From the research I've seen, another place you see the convex grind is on true katana sword blades. A critical part of this however is that the entire convex surface is polished rather than simply sharpening the edge and polishing the rest of the blade as is often seen in the knock-off blades. That said, I do not know how useful this is on a 3-6" knife. There would be a significant amount of work to do every time you went to sharpen the blade. And as a utility or emergency knife, I'm not sure that it's a practical edge.
Jul 24, 2011. 3:19 AMIsurvival says:
I like the information you've given, but my ecperiments prove that the easiest blade to sharpen is a flat grind or saber grind as you called them-since you don't need to put as much effort on sharpening it, as if you lay the blade to the sharpener, it wil automatically give you a decent sharpness after a few strokes...in my opinion of course...
Jan 26, 2012. 3:05 PMblack hole says:
Nah, the chisel grind is easiest to sharpen. Only one side, not two. Look at the Emerson CQC-6.
Jul 24, 2011. 12:54 PMIsurvival says:
well-just as you said-it is pretty easy to make this mistake even with some skills-so this way, I can say you are right-and as I said earlyer, I really like that you collected all of this information and made it accesible to anyone-thanks again!
Aug 26, 2011. 8:41 AMxinistrom says:

what about this one? its 9 inch with 4.5 inch blade and full tang
Jan 26, 2012. 3:00 PMblack hole says:
True, but it also means that you have twice as many edges, which means you have a backup edge, as it were.
Also, what do you think of the Gerber LMF II ASEK as a survial knife?
Sep 9, 2011. 7:00 PMTenebrioun says:
I don't mean to lessen the value of this instructable. This instructable has a great deal of very useful information about knives that is rarely found in one place. Thank you for this reference Antman.

/genuine
Jul 27, 2011. 12:47 PMTenebrioun says:
Rat tail tangs are spot welded onto the blade. They are also typically 1/4" or thinner thickness. These typically break through any sort of real use. As in break off of the blade. If the handle breaks, this will too.
Aug 7, 2011. 7:23 AMmace242 says:
Not so. Look at Sami knives. Stick tangs mostly but one bit of forged metal. Ive never seen a stick tang welded on. Got an example?
Aug 7, 2011. 11:27 AMTenebrioun says:
The Sami knife seems to have a push tang, not a rat tail tang. We may be mixing terminology but a rat tail tang in almost all examples is welded on. Can you show me some examples where the Sami clearly has a rat tail tang? In the few examples that it is not welded on it is still(like most tangs) made with a non-tempered(ie: soft) steel for flexibility. The problem is that compared to any other tang, this presents significant weakness from the distinct lack of material compared to other types of tang. Furthermore, They have a tendency in regards to keeping the handle on and straight as it's only kept on by a bolt or peened into place. While fine for many other uses, these two methods are incapable of holding up to the stresses a knife that is used often go under. Because of the dimensions of a square rat tail tang(it's a square) as well as the fact that it's a cylinder for the screw types, the blade has a bad habit of shifting a in a circular fashion causing the potential for serious injury as it will shift in the middle of using it. In the end, if there's a rat tail tang, the maker was likely going for cheap, not good. Think of how much effort it would take to put in a half push tang or full push tang as opposed to a rat tail. While I stand by what I said about the durability of rat tails, I want to reiterate, nothing is holding a rat tail straight, when you are cutting you are putting a great deal of force on the blade of the knife. Does this make you feel safe?

As far as examples, any sword under $70) and most fixed blade knives under $30. There are exceptions, not all makers price the same(of course in that price range I wouldn't buy from a maker). Few people advertise a rat tail tang as it's considered undesirable for the reasons mentioned above. This means only honest or the unknowing tell you it's rat tail and that means most people won't tell you if they can help it.

Last word: Rat tail tangs are cheap and can be dangerous in an often used knife. Most people who have a fixed blade have bought a cheap rat tail and they either found out the hard way or don't use it very often at all. Below are some informational links on rat tails.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_%28weaponry%29#Hidden_tang
http://netsword.com/ubb/Forum1/HTML/001780.html
http://www.swordforum.com/forums/showthread.php?45577-rat-tail-tang&highlight=rat+tail+tang

Sep 9, 2011. 4:11 PMmyfacelackseyes says:
I often hear this rhetoric about rat-tails and while it may be an issue with a sword which experiences much greater forces at the pommel, I have never seen a knife blade rotate or slip- with any fixing. If you are using your knife in a controlled and safe manner there should be very little shear force on the joint between the tang and the blade. A person is capable of exerting at most 400N (roughly 40 kilos of force) with a knife blade, if you look at the shear strength of mild steel you will see how little is required for withstanding that. A short knife should be battoned through wood for chopping which exerts almost no force on the pommel (you'll notice the hand holding the handle of your knife does not tire or ache during batoning).
As a final note, one of the most popular and highly recommended beginner bushcraft knives (which if you are talking survival is the way to go; if you want a fighting knife you are looking at something completely different) is the 'Frost Mora' constructed with a half tang and a very thin blade, look through the reviews on amazon or on any bushcraft/survival forum and see if anyone has managed to break on of those.
Sep 9, 2011. 6:50 PMTenebrioun says:
I don't disagree with you on half tangs in even a small way. I only disagree with utilizing rat tail tangs in any situation. But as we know, these are two different tangs.

I have seen slipping and rotating on a rat tail knife. I spose that's one that does and one that does not.

With regard to the information on shear force, I'm not referring to a solid piece. I'm referring to when the tang is welded on. I believe you can weld a rat tail(or any tang type) on very well, but if you're putting the effort into welding it on well, you're not using a rat tail. This isn't a "it cannot be done" it's a "if [this] than [that]".

Thinking on it again, I still don't understand where the comment about a half tang knife came into this, genuinely.. The Frost Mora has a 2.5 mm thick blade and tang. Also, the tang is half tang, it doesn't seem to apply to this conversation.
Aug 16, 2011. 10:45 PMnakigara says:
An important part of the blade (especially for tasks like skinning) is the belly - the curve of the blade towards the tip. One of the reason clip points are favored is because they have both the sharp point and a sufficient belly.

Personally, I'm fond of drop-points (pretty much the opposite of the sheepsfoot - the spine is straight to the point, and the edge curves towards the spine (like a rounded tanto)) - it makes for a really strong tip, yet possesses a belly for skinning/whittling/whatever (very difficult to do with a tanto point)

I'd also strongly recommend against a serrated blade for a survival knife (especially if you are planning on using it for skinning or gutting). While serrations can be really helpful for fibrous materials like cloth and rope, and give the knife a sawing/tearing ability even when dull, they also make it extremely difficult to sharpen, and make tasks like skinning and whittling nearly impossible (both would be quite useful to make tools/prep food).

Anyways, not to get too detailed, but yeah, a clip point is generally all around-good, and frequently favored by a lot of people, and can do most tasks well.
Aug 16, 2011. 10:28 PMnakigara says:
I'd say the one exception to the hollow-handle knives would be the chris reeve one-piece, although anyone familiar with them (or willing to drop that much on a blade) probably knows what to look for and what they want...

I've also seen a few handmades where they have a full tang, but hollowed out and removable handle scales for stashing a couple tiny things like fish hooks or a flint or something.
Jul 29, 2011. 1:58 AMspylock says:
what a drag that the laws are so strict you cant even carry a blade of your choosing,they were trying to ban the assisted open blades here in the States,but we raised a stink and they left it be,at least here in Virginia.I have arthritis in my hands and they make it alot easier on people like myself.I dont understand the banning of weapons,if a person is dead set on harming someone,he or she could use just about anything as a tool of harm.
Jul 28, 2011. 11:30 AMGhostSnake says:
Nice guide! Nevertheless you forgot to mention important stuff like the tanto point and americanized tanto point (those two are good for heavy work, prying and stabbing because they have the strongest tip).

It is also worth mentioning blade thickness (I personally prefer 0.25in thickness as I favor durability over anything else). Also that extra thickness allows you to strike harder and use for prying or hammering.

A paracord handle might be a good idea since it can be replaced at any time or used for other purposes such as making as spear. Full tang always (rat tail may still break).

For steel I like S30V because it is very durable and stainless. Also INFI steel (from Busse) is incredibly strong although not very stainless. A good but cheap one is 440C. One must remember that knife makers may give different treatments to those metals.

Finally it depends on what do yo want your knife for. I like my knives for survival AND collecting, so I favor extremely durable, although expensive knives but if you only care for the survival more than the knife itself you can get almost the same results with far cheaper knives. Top notch brands would be "Strider knives", "MercWorx knives" and "Busse knives". For the inexpensive yet incredibly useful I recommend "Muela knives".

I also particularly recommend a small uitility knife that still covers all my points mentioned above: the Strider WP-T (or Strider WP Tanto). You can get it with almost any kind of tip you want if you don't like tanto points. Google it.

Nice guide again! Very in-depth and well thought out.
Jul 26, 2011. 6:29 AMschkip1973 says:
i'm not into knives above any other tool. for instance a chisel can be as sharp as a knife and do as an effective job, as will a fist, credit card, language or a smile.
for mine a leatherman style product has been the most effective, and any other options have been covered as part of the every-day carry philosophy.
Good luck!
Jul 23, 2011. 10:47 AMkingsqueak says:
Covered a lot of ground, nice.

For cutting tasks, don't buy too heavy, thick, or long of a blade. The knife with the polished blade and wood handle has a blade profile similar to a Buck Nighthawk that I own. It is a good bush knife for heavy use, but is not the ideal for things like food prep or skinning. This type is good for bushcraft and other heavy tasks though.

For actual standard cutting, you can get really excellent deals on Opinel or Mora. They easily keep a razor sharp edge (particularly the carbon steel versions) and for food prep or fine cutting they will last a long time.

Once you learn about basic steel types, you can save a ton of money if you are buying for basic utility. For actual use, beware spending on the design, appearance and exotic engineering of a basic blade...unless you are buying for collecting purposes. Spend your money on the steel for the purpose intended.
Jul 24, 2011. 2:18 AMRanie-K says:
Writing "Google images" is NOT enough!

Like this picture: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ground_blade_shapes.png
You need to write "Waerloeg" under it -she/he made the picture -not Google!

Attributing pictures using "Google images" is like saying a street sign pointing to Paris made the Mona Lisa!

Also, you have licensed this article as "Public Domain". Since these pictures are NOT all licensed public domain, you are not within your rights to re-license these pictures as "Public Domain".
Jul 24, 2011. 1:16 AMrichardsalt says:
Many thanks. Excellent summary and very well illustrated. Came at a particularly opportune time - have been considering a purchase for some time and needed guidance.

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