How to Make a Push Pin Portrait

 by digitalArtform
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pushpin_overview.jpg
We are going to make photorealistic push pin portraits.

We will be guided in our pin placement by a low resolution indexed color gif image we will create in Photoshop. The .gif will use a limited palette restricted only to those colors in which the plastic push pins come.

This tutorial assumes you have some access to and basic understanding of Adobe Photoshop.
 
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Step 1: Select a photograph

Photo_init.jpg
Using Photoshop, adjust your image so that it contains a nice range of colors and values, with no large areas of pure black or white or any other color. This will give you a dappled variety of push pin colors across the finished artwork, rather than large, boring expanses of a single hue.

I'm using a photo I took of a woman who sells her hats and headdresses on the internet.
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digitalArtform (author) says: Apr 16, 2013. 7:06 PM
beautiful work. beautiful daughter.
lorentnum1 says: Apr 16, 2013. 5:16 PM
from far away
pic8.jpg
lorentnum1 says: Apr 16, 2013. 5:14 PM
Here it is
pic7.jpg
lorentnum1 says: Apr 16, 2013. 5:13 PM
Hi digital,
Thank you so much for your instructions. I am attaching a photo of the final work. It's a picture of my daughter.
ccatinstructables says: Apr 7, 2013. 7:16 PM
Amazing! I found a way to make the push pins to be arranged in equilateral triangles. You can see this blog:
http://ccpalettes.wordpress.com/2013/01/05/how-to-make-a-push-pin-image-in-an-arrangement-of-equilateral-triangles/
digitalArtform (author) in reply to ccatinstructablesApr 7, 2013. 10:21 PM
I have a page on pre-distorting images you might like:
http://www.digitalartform.com/archives/2009/05/distort_photosh.html
Sasquatch39 says: Jan 29, 2013. 3:16 PM
Hello, can you please talk me through this step. I am having trouble figuring out how to shrink my photo. Where do I go in photoshop to do this?
digitalArtform (author) in reply to Sasquatch39Jan 29, 2013. 4:14 PM
In the top bar you'll find an entry called "Image." Under that, select "Image Size..." and in the option box that appears enter your desired height and width in pixels.
VoltageMANIAC says: Nov 17, 2012. 10:30 AM
How much does this usually cost? Thanks
lorentnum1 says: Nov 2, 2012. 9:00 PM
wow, this is amazing!! Do you happen to know how to arrange the pins in a staggered fashion instead of in a row. Looks like the resolution would improve if you do that.

Here is a link of artist Eric Daigh doing that.

http://www.fastcodesign.com/1670620/watch-this-guy-draw-pinterests-ceo-using-22765-pushpins#-4
digitalArtform (author) in reply to lorentnum1Nov 2, 2012. 9:15 PM
Off the top of my head I'd say the original photo would need to be cut into strips and every other strip offset by the right amount. Then with the picture in its staggered 'ruined' form, go through the process. Finally, 'repair the damage' caused by the staggering and if you do it correctly you should have a brick pattern.

I go into some detail in my web site on the general idea of pre-transforming images, and then untransforming them after applying a filter.

Distort Photoshop Filter Without Distorting Image
http://www.digitalartform.com/archives/2009/05/distort_photosh.html
marilton says: Jul 12, 2012. 7:45 AM
impressive work!, ive already made my PS file and i'm about to start the artwork, any recommendations on the base material? and also, any recommendations on keeping the rows straight?
digitalArtform (author) in reply to mariltonJul 12, 2012. 8:32 AM
I don't have a good suggestion for substrate. I'm wondering about painted cork tiles (onto which a faint grid could be made in pencil)
http://www.ehow.com/how_7709329_paint-cork.html

And for a description of how to make a virtual grid (requires more Photoshop expertise) see my response to the third comment.
nogoodnikki says: Apr 28, 2012. 2:36 PM
finally got it to work , so happy I've only used Photo Shop like twice before so this was its own challenge - thanks cant wait to try it out i think ill use pony beads instead of push pins just a little cheaper
jbrecken says: Apr 16, 2012. 11:14 AM
What material did you use for the board all the pins got stuck in? And was there a trick to keeping your rows straight?
digitalArtform (author) in reply to jbreckenApr 16, 2012. 2:40 PM
Also in the Instructable I mention the idea of making the printed placement guide 1:1 scale. I had actually worked out a way to make the spots of color smaller than the pin bases, so they would not be visible, and to put a precise pinhole dot in the center of each color spot so as to make the rows and columns more exact. In the interest of being concise I left it out of the main tutorial, but here is idea:
---
1) You start with each pixel its own color. Convert the little indexed color image to rgb.
2) Enlarge it a lot, but try to make the enlarging percentage a power of 2. That will keep the squares neat, square, and all the same size. That means enlarge 200%, 400%, 800%, 1600%, 3200%... choose a number like that.
3) When you have it big, make it the exact size you need by making it the inches you need. You can lower the dpi to balance it out. For example:
a) You start with a 88 x 160 indexed color image.
b) enlarge it 3200% (nearest neighbor option). You now have 2816 x 3840 pixel resolution.
c) 88 pushpins at 0.25" per pin is 22". Divide 2816 pixels by 22" to get 128 dpi
d) Set your image to 2816 x 3840 at 22" by 40" at 128 dpi
e) Print that somehow, either in pieces or at a place that makes big expensive large format prints.
4) If you want to add a pattern mask of some kind, do this:
a) Figure out the size of the tile you need to make, define as a pattern, and fill with. You need a square tile that will repeat 88 times across a 2816 pixel wide image so you need to make a 2816 / 88 = 32 pixel wide tile. It's actually obvious that the tile should be 32 pixels wide because each 'pushpin' was originally defined as one tiny pixel, and they were all blown up 3200% so 1 blown up 3200% becomes 32.
b) create a tiny 32 x 32 pixel image.
c) make the best circle you can in it using the pencil tool. Make the circle black on a white background.
d) define it as a pattern. Edit > Define Pattern
e) make a new layer above your master, giant pushpin image and fill with the pattern you just made. Edit > Fill (with pattern)
f) Set the blend mode to screen. Now the squares are all round looking.
5) If you want to make pinpoint guides that will show up on black, white, and every other color...
a) make a black 32 x 32 image with a little white dot in the center
b) define it as a pattern
c) tile it above the master large image
d) set the blend mode to DIFFERENCE or EXCLUSION and the dot will magically be the right color for maximum visibility no matter what color square it lands on.
windowDude in reply to digitalArtformApr 25, 2012. 12:27 PM
First off, great instructable! Love it, have many people collecting push pins wherever we can find them!

I have my image already to go, for once we have the thousands of push pins. I just want to make a suggestion to anyone who is trying to attempt to hide the background and also have an exact place where to put the pins.

I used your -able all the way to the end, then when it came time for the enlarging, I edited the image size, to be exactly what the finished size will be, in this case 45" x 55". I then converted back to RGB mode and followed your steps above. This is where it became a little confusing, the rings are not an exact color, rather a mix, so this is what I did differently.

I made the circle using a 50x50 px image. I used the circle marquee, edge to edge, contracted by 2px deleted the center and wham! ok. Then I applied the pattern to a new layer, and this is where it is different. I broke out the wand tool, selected all the white space BETWEEN the circles, and then selected my picture layer and deleted those areas. I am now left with circles of the image, full ones too.

Then, I went back to my 50x50px image and added a white 4px dot to the center, and used your method of overlaying with a DIFFERENCE blend mode. allowing me to see the center of each circle, regardless of color. I then merged all the layers and put it back in to index mode and wham! exact circles of the color with center points ready to have pins applied!

Thanks again for this detailed tut!
digitalArtform (author) in reply to windowDudeApr 25, 2012. 10:58 PM
Sounds great, and I hope to see your finished work
windowDude in reply to windowDudeApr 25, 2012. 4:33 PM
This was my result
dylan.png
digitalArtform (author) in reply to windowDudeApr 25, 2012. 10:59 PM
Looks good.
digitalArtform (author) in reply to jbreckenApr 16, 2012. 12:20 PM
The video I made (which is featured in this Instructable) was created primarily to answer a question I had been asked about how to achieve decent photographic color rendition with only 5 colors.

The question was originally asked of me in the comments of this other video of mine
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2BAKm5_Xnc
and you can see we have an extended conversation about it which ends with me thinking that dithered 5-color gif images might be the way to go.

As for the straight rows - they are an illustration - Maxwell Render simulation - and it's easier in that environment to make them straight than to add error to them.
http://www.digitalartform.com/assets/CG_pin_array.jpg

http://www.digitalartform.com/archives/2012/04/push_pin_portra.html
CG_pin_array.jpg
marjorieallea says: Apr 24, 2012. 2:01 PM
This technique would create a great gift. Thank you!
nogoodnikki says: Apr 22, 2012. 6:11 PM
i really life this and get to this step and then im completely lost is there any way you can do a step by step video -thanks
digitalArtform (author) in reply to nogoodnikkiApr 22, 2012. 7:29 PM
There is a step-by-step video embedded in this step. Can you see it? It's called

Push Pin Portraits using Photoshop and its URL is
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USzbw90wOKM
nogoodnikki in reply to digitalArtformApr 22, 2012. 10:36 PM
i saw the video im just not grasping how to get it to look like there are less pixels,
i guess its just more trial and error for me
digitalArtform (author) in reply to nogoodnikkiApr 22, 2012. 11:15 PM
You have to make your image very small -- one pixel per pin -- so you might make it 90 x 120 pixels.

Then you make a gif using Image > Mode > Indexed Color

Zoom into your image for a close look while you work with the indexed color options.
meenzal says: Apr 21, 2012. 10:35 AM
Very impressive! You've essentially created a 'paint by numbers' method that lets anyone create quality reproductions. It occurred to me you can get different textures with different 'pixels,' eg: thumbtacks, colored press-on dots, and more. Very clever Instructable! Thanks for sharing this!
Lindie says: Apr 20, 2012. 6:32 AM
Wow! Nice!
mackerous says: Apr 19, 2012. 12:23 PM
Just what I was looking for! I plan on doing this with bottle caps I've collected, though it might turn out 'interesting' as most are not solid colors. I have by far the more gold than anything and other colors are yellow, blue, red, green and black. I'm hoping to find an image that can work with those colors.
digitalArtform (author) in reply to mackerousApr 19, 2012. 1:24 PM
You may be surprised by what works. It will be good to experiment - gold bottle caps may be good for making more than just gold areas. Good luck!
Madrigorne in reply to digitalArtformApr 20, 2012. 4:05 AM
use the gold as your yellow, and your image will be unforgettably beautiful. Trust that you can do it - then post a picture. I believe in you.
Oscelot says: Apr 19, 2012. 3:28 PM
I can't embed images, so here, have a link: http://chzgifs.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/funny-gifs-pin-art.gif
digitalArtform (author) in reply to OscelotApr 19, 2012. 8:34 PM
excellent
Exocetid says: Apr 19, 2012. 8:05 PM
The patience, the patience!!!

(too much for me, you need to build a robot to do this)
clibanarius says: Apr 19, 2012. 11:35 AM
Looks amazing, but where do you get your pushpins? From what I've been able to find online, this looks like some $400 of pushpins!
digitalArtform (author) in reply to clibanariusApr 19, 2012. 12:15 PM
Mine are virtual. This Instructable focuses primarily on how to create the illusion of continuous color in something such as push pins using a limited palette.
TheNailDutchess says: Apr 16, 2012. 5:49 AM
This is pretty Awesome!
broho3 says: Apr 15, 2012. 5:48 AM
Cool. This should work for the Post-It Not portrait I was wanting to do as well.

Thanks!
digitalArtform (author) in reply to broho3Apr 15, 2012. 11:04 AM
To make the .gif conversion work best it would be good to try and ascertain good rgb approximations for the actual push pin or Post-It Note colors, rather than simply call them 'red' or 'yellow' and use pure digital primary rgb triples like (255 0 0) and (255 255 0) as I did.

Maybe take a photo of your notes, or scan them, and analyze the colors with an image editor eyedropper tool.
poofrabbit says: Apr 14, 2012. 7:51 PM
Oh this is very cool, what a great way to show how you can create color with a limited pallet! Well done!
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