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LED Chess Set

LED Chess Set
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It all started with an idea I had many years ago.

I had just picked up a cheap-o glass chess set at my local arcade for the low low price of only 15,000 tickets. The novelty of playing with glass pieces quickly wore off, and I wondered how I could make it better. The thought of illuminating the set seemed very appealing, but there were so many different ways that could be done.

I could put alternating colored lights under the board following the checkerboard pattern. The light would shine up through the glass board and make the pieces glow. The problem with this design is that the pieces would change color with each move, and (since the difference between the two sides is not black / white but frosted / clear) this would make game play somewhat confusing.

I could put a small battery and light inside of each piece, so the two sides would each be different colors. This would probably be the simplest way to get glowing pieces; however, this design is not without its problems. The batteries would need to be replaced. Their lifespan could be extended if a small sensitive on/off switch, activated by the chess piece being in an upright position, were added. This would complicate the design though, and still only be a temporary solution, as the batteries would need to be replaced eventually. This design (with the switch) does have one more advantage. It gives the chess pieces two states, on and off. I liked the idea of the chess pieces being illuminated while they were in play (upright and on the board), and dark while they were out (dead and off the board).

The final design I chose (which will be explained in more depth in the next step), was to have each piece contain an LED that would be powered by a conductive board. The board is plugged into an outlet, so there is no need to worry about the power running out. While the pieces are on the board they are "live" and illuminated, and while off the board they are "dead" and dark.

I made a stop motion animation of game six between Kasparov and Deep Blue. The animation does not end with checkmate, because when Kasparov saw that he was going to be beaten by a computer, he threw a hissy fit and stormed off.



 
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Step 1How it works

How it works
Sixteen blue LEDs and sixteen green LEDs are glued inside the hollow recesses in the base of each chess piece. The positive contacts for the LEDs are wired to copper washers attached to the base of each chess piece. The negative contacts for the LEDs are clipped to be made flush with the rest of the base.

A conductive chessboard is made from a sheet of copper. The sheet is wired to the positive lead from a power transformer. Insulated holes through the center of each square on the board allow magnets to pass through. The magnets connect and hold a negatively wired steel plate underneath to the negative leads from the LEDs.
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139 comments
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Mar 7, 2011. 10:55 AMnoah279878582 says:
i made this, and it is beautiful! though, the wire should be cordless :P
Apr 10, 2011. 2:56 PMleggomylegoeggo says:
How can a _wire_ be cordless? :P
Aug 19, 2011. 6:35 AMbatman96 says:
Google powermat, or wireless power.

http://www.instructables.com/id/Wireless-Power-Transmission-Over-Short-Distances-U/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_power
Jul 10, 2011. 2:01 PMapender says:
or if no capacitors could as well use a capacitive touch screen over a grid of bicolor LEDs, if there is such a thing, or RGB ones if not. the touch screen connected to a microprocessor to activate corresponding light. and knowing the last color setting can activate correct color to stay same as when the pieces started.
Jul 10, 2011. 1:53 PMapender says:
capacitors to keep the glow during "moves"
Jan 24, 2011. 5:12 PMDream Dragon says:
It looks GORGEOUS, but I think I might be missing a couple of things.

What kind of protection is there to prevent it passing mains power if the "wall Wart" were to go wrong?

With both contacts flush with the surface of the board wouldn't you be risking a shock if you happened to touch it?

Why cover an already conductive steel plate with copper tape? (It just seems redundant)

Apart from these points, it's a beautifully documented project, than you for sharing it.
Apr 14, 2011. 8:45 AMimarcianoloco says:
I can answer your first two questions... :P

1.- Since the 'wall wart' uses a transformer inside to lower the voltage from 127VAC to 3VDC, the output wires are physically separated from the mains because transformers use two separate, electrically insulated coils of wire (they transfer energy via magnetic fields). If one of the coils happened to short out (this rarely happens during normal use), then yes, the power supply might blow up, but it would be extremely unlikely for it to pass the mains voltage to the output.

2.- The LEDs are operating on 3V. 3V is what you would get if you wired two AA batteries in series, and is way too low to give anyone a shock.
Apr 14, 2011. 9:14 AMDream Dragon says:
Thank you for that, and I still think it's beautiful project.
Apr 12, 2011. 10:24 AMFlying_MashedPotatoes says:
Now you just need to light up the board, i suggest using black lights which will provide some light, showing the grid spaces, but will not distract you from the game pieces.
Apr 12, 2011. 5:50 AMskrubol says:
Did you use carbide for this? I believe PCB's are really tough on drill bits (the fiberglass is the tough part, not the copper,) The kinking might be because your bit got dulled.
Apr 10, 2011. 10:10 PMjongscx says:
I wonder how hard it would be to power the pieces wirelessly like the powermat chargers...
Apr 10, 2011. 4:37 PMprojectbronco says:
Very cool! This would be so sick using glass insulators off of telephone poles! It may take a while to find them all, but you would have a huge chess set and it would look sick!
Jan 10, 2011. 7:55 AMkarnold70 says:
Annnnd just had another thought. You could cast the peices with the led's inside... although if you got them 2/$10, it's probably not cost effective.
On the other hand, this would allow you to use colored plastic with all white leds, or use the 'superflux' type of leds, especially if using the copperclad board I suggested earlier.
Again, hats off to your inovation.
Jan 10, 2011. 7:52 AMkarnold70 says:
Just had an interesting thought.. instead of a copper 'washer' and the little 'lead' just kind of hovering in the center of the peice, why not cut the washers out of copper CLAD IC board, and simply etch it?
All in all, however, a MOST excellent idea and instructible.
Jun 26, 2008. 6:25 PMzygomatic says:
Very good work. A couple points of advice - I noticed your wall wart isn't regulated. Most LEDs draw about 20 mA of current, so if you have a full board, you're overloading your transformer, which would make your LEDs dim because the voltage will drop. When you have fewer pieces on the board, you won't be loading the transformer enough, so you risk shortening the life of your LEDs. Overall an excellent Instructable.
Nov 4, 2010. 10:43 PMP.Bechthold says:
lolz
Oct 13, 2009. 5:04 PMOpsenica says:
did you consider to put wireless power for leds into the chess figures?
Aug 16, 2008. 12:24 PMSnuffyDaPenguin says:
If in the case of a russian roulette type thing, the chess board has to be life size so it's SURE to kill you. :D
Jul 30, 2008. 3:22 PMM F says:
now you can have it for real.
the world chessboxing championship.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43Wcbd0dJpQ
http://site.wcbo.org/content/index_en.html

There are rules, but don't ask me what they are:)
Jul 16, 2008. 11:50 PMJakobsdillusion says:
HAHAHA! I love that idea, anything that combines strategy and death, Im in.
Oct 16, 2010. 4:33 PMgodofal says:
nice instructable, im thinking of doing it wireless, but that's just an idea i have rightnow, dont know if it's possible/buildable :D
about like this
Feb 8, 2010. 3:32 PMchimeforest says:
Amazing instructable!

I was wondering though:
    1. Do you have to use copper and steel plates, or would any conductive metal work?
    2. If you hooked this up to a battery would it still function? if so,how big of a battery would it have to be?

This chess set is super awesome.
Oct 16, 2010. 4:31 PMgodofal says:
1: it doesnt really matter, altough copper is the best conductive-wise
2: it would have to be the right voltage, in this case 3V, wich is 2 AA or AAA's. might need 2 pairs in paralel to get enough juice to run it for the longer matches though or use a 9V battery with a 3.3V regulator (and some caps) like this one
Jun 28, 2008. 4:02 AMpeabnuts123 says:
As far as I know (and I who knows, it may be different in some cases) the longer lead on components is positive. Whereas in this instructable it states the the longer lead is negative. Just thought i'd point this out...
Jan 11, 2009. 4:15 PMSagar Gondaliya says:
that is true
Dec 12, 2009. 2:07 PMDan-Technician says:
perhaps they wired the input power supply the wrong way?
Feb 23, 2010. 5:33 PMchisaipete says:
It really depends on whether they are common anode or common cathode LEDs. They could swing either way.
Oct 16, 2010. 4:28 PMgodofal says:
erm, that's only true in bicolour or RGB LED's
in single colours it's always long = + short = -
so dan is prolly right, (s)he wired the power suply backwards
Dec 12, 2009. 3:01 PMkingtrae says:
 dude, the only thing that would make this board better is if you used either LED's or fiber optic thingies from the circus to outline the boxes.  SUPER DOPE though!  thanx for sharing!
Nov 25, 2009. 8:47 AMwazza123 says:
This is so cool like a winter chess set
Oct 25, 2009. 7:53 PMrussian5 says:
This is wickedly awesome. Definitely gonna make this. 5/5
Sep 2, 2008. 2:07 PMfiresketch says:
Awesome, very nice. Would have used different colours though, I think green and blue are too similar. Maybe red and yellow :P
May 17, 2009. 8:38 PMShut Up Now says:
haha red and yellow are just as similar as green and blue. i would do red vs blue.
Sep 28, 2009. 8:06 AMGamer917 says:
lol red vs blue is hilarious even though i have never played halo
Oct 3, 2009. 1:38 PMShut Up Now says:
yes it is.
Sep 27, 2009. 12:46 PMknektek says:
you could have a 'dead' area for all of the 'dead' pieces, instead of putting the white of whatever color LED you want on the bottom, you could put it on the side and make the dead area a wall instead of the floor
Apr 8, 2009. 7:22 PMeyebot117 says:
Could you use bipolar LEDs to make one for a game of Othello? Example:one side of the piece lights up Red, but when flipped over it lights up Green...
May 27, 2009. 8:46 AMDivideByZero says:
Just put two LEDs in each piece, and do a similar thing to above... You might need a bigger board and bigger pieces, but it is definitely possible.
May 28, 2009. 9:07 PMeyebot117 says:
Heh, heh-I can easily see myself getting carried away with RGB LED's and some crazy game with pieces that change colors when they're sitting on the board differently or something really insane. I think this is a cool area to experiment in. Maybe it'll hit the markets, and make me millions!
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