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Step 5Installing the 16MHz Crystal Oscillator
Now we begin building the ATMega circuit. I am attaching a diagram of every pin out of the ATMega8 series (also includes 168 and 328). You can see how important that notch is in terms of knowing what is what in a situation like this.
Pins 9 and 10 are labeled "crystal" - referring to our 16MHz oscillator. Polarity here doesn't matter go ahead and bridge the two pins with the crystal. With the board I am using, you can see each pin of the IC socket has 2 terminals bridged already. This is perfect here because we then need to add the 22pF capacitors and take those to what will be GND. For now just take them to the empty terminal slot, we will add GND here later.
Pins 9 and 10 are labeled "crystal" - referring to our 16MHz oscillator. Polarity here doesn't matter go ahead and bridge the two pins with the crystal. With the board I am using, you can see each pin of the IC socket has 2 terminals bridged already. This is perfect here because we then need to add the 22pF capacitors and take those to what will be GND. For now just take them to the empty terminal slot, we will add GND here later.
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That being said, if timing doesn't matter to you, there are bootloaders that use the internal clock of the chip -- and you can eliminate the crystal altogether. you just need to find one of these bootloaders and be aware of this in your code