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Create a Perfectly Black Background in Photography

Create a Perfectly Black Background in Photography
Arranging objects, people, animals, and plants for a photograph can be quite difficult, especially if there's noise (e.g., clutter on the floor).  It's much easier to photograph an individual person or thing against a solid background and then add/subtract filler items for context.  In gardening photography, this is called a specimen shot where the only thing of interest is an individual plant, flower, or leaf, and this kind of photography can be its own separate category in a gardening photography competition.

White backgrounds show a lot of shadows and imperfections, and something white against something white doesn't really show a lot of detail.  However, something white against something black can really highlight the details that might have otherwise been missed, and it's dead easy to create a black background, too.

This Instructable shows how to create a black background in a photograph quickly and inexpensively, and while the examples involve plants, this method is not exclusive to gardening photography of specimens.  It can be easily used for photographing items, people, and animals.  Probably the best part of this method though is that there is very little editing needed.

To create a perfectly white background, please check out my latest Instructable and get tips on making subjects look shiny and wet!
 
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Step 1Materials for Outdoor Shots

Materials for Outdoor Shots
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  • SunnyDay.jpg
  • ArchitecturalShade.jpg
  • BlackPosterboardOutside.jpg
The most inexpensive and potentially the easiest way to create a black background is to photograph outdoors.

You will need a sunny day with long shadows and architectural shade (e.g., a building or a car).  If you do not have a dark surface, you will probably want something black to put on the ground such as a sheet of black poster board or black fabric.
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42 comments
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Feb 11, 2012. 7:41 PMdanmc91 says:
Thanks so much for taking the time to share this. I love plants and photography and you've done an excellent job with both!
Oct 19, 2011. 3:11 PMtjesse says:
Thanks!
http://www.instructables.com/id/Better-Sterno-Alternative/
Mar 24, 2011. 2:05 PMBootlegWarrior6 says:
Thanks for this great idea! Love it!
Jun 8, 2011. 11:17 PMBootlegWarrior6 says:
Thanks a lot! This technique is amazing!
Feb 2, 2011. 8:19 AMtimnitro says:
what camera do you use
Jan 28, 2011. 10:31 AMScarrmakerz says:
ah GIMP..what a wonderful program...i like it better than Photoshop, only thing i miss is the magnet select
Jan 15, 2011. 10:06 AMbongodrummer says:
Ooo, that is a very nice set of photos. I will have to start thinking more about the shots I take for ibles.

Sometimes I quite like a load of mess in the background, just so people don't get the idea that things get made 'easily', or in a clean way (by me anyway) ;)
But most of the time I am twisting about in all sorts of wacky ways to try and cut out unnecessary fussiness. I think this should help a lot.
Thanks for the clear instructions.
B.
Jan 16, 2011. 3:54 AMbongodrummer says:
True true. Cabinet of homebrew a? Didn't actually notice that until you pointed it out. Impressive, when's the party? :-P
Thanks again for the ible, useful stuff.
Jan 11, 2011. 8:14 PMkillerjackalope says:
Sometimes it's worth using curves instead of levels or using them afterwards, since moving levels together can wash out colour...
Jan 11, 2011. 8:36 PMkillerjackalope says:
Aye though a simple two point curve can add some lovely tonal contrast.

Admittedly I use levels in tutorials too because they're easiest to explain.
Jan 10, 2011. 10:57 AMcrazyaboutbeads says:
ahhh! thank you so much!! You helped me alot. Now to start!
Jan 10, 2011. 8:34 AMRabidAlien says:
It looks like you're using a CFL (twisty-bulb) in the light? It doesn't get too hot for the bubble-wrap, does it? My concern would be leaving the light on for multiple shots/setups and look back as the bubblewrap melts into a nice plasticy (just made that up!) puddle on the carpet. Great 'Ibble, BTW!
Jan 10, 2011. 9:12 AMRabidAlien says:
In my experience, any bulb tends to get hot, and will pass that heat along to the surrounding space. In an enclosed space like the lamp reflector, I was concerned about the heat building up to a dangerous level with the bubblewrap draped over...maybe if you left somespace at top/bottom for venting? Could also be that CFL's don't build up that much heat....I do more outdoor photography than studio, so I sold my studio lights years ago since I never used them and they were taking up precious space. :)

As far as the background goes, you can use pretty much anything, if you set the camera in macro-mode (better yet, pick up a macro lens, a 50-mm or 100-mm), the f-stop is usually low enough to provide a very narrow depth-of field, which will take any background and throw it out of focus. The further away the background is, the more out of focus it becomes, until it becomes a solid blur behind your subject. This way you won't have to worry about any imperfections on your background, they're pretty much invisible at this point anyway. Anything noticeable should be easy to GIMP/Photoshop out.
Jan 9, 2011. 10:44 PMWebsprinter says:
Great instructable AngryRedhead !

I'm a newbie photographer and only had luck getting black backgrounds shooting in the dark (no ambient light behind object) closeup with flash. The background just disappears.

I have some navy velvet I'm going to try with your method. Now where did I put that bubble wrap? ;)

BTW, ( if you're a newbie like me) Some really good instructions for "Pick Black Point" are on
Really basic photo editing with GIMP
http://world.std.com/~mmcirvin/gimp_tutorial/levels_curves.html
Jan 9, 2011. 2:26 PMbim22054 says:
Very nice results! You have a creative mind; keep up the Great work!
Jan 9, 2011. 7:00 AMlarsrc says:
For a better black, use black velvet as your background, and put something between your light source and the background. It's easier to get the backgorund black if it's farther away, but that requires a larger background.
Jan 9, 2011. 9:17 AMmbtria says:
Yes, black velvet will provide a much deeper black than felt, especially the common synthetic felts. Synthetic felts are typically around $6/yd. A good velvet for backgrounds runs around $12.

Other fabrics can make great backgrounds, diffusers or reflectors at low prices. If you are looking for translucents make sure the weave will not result in a moire effect. That can be a real pain, especially with digital cameras.
Jan 5, 2011. 1:28 PMbertus52x11 says:
Nice tips. I'm going to use them!
Jan 5, 2011. 11:12 PMbertus52x11 says:
I'm still struggling with some of my photographs and always looking to learn (I remember we discussed this in the past).
Anyway, the idea of a black background with a chalk board appeals to me. I will try it in my next I'ble (coming) soon.
Jan 9, 2011. 1:16 AMbertus52x11 says:
Thanks for your offer and I'm always willing to share. However, I'm struggling in general, not specifically in relation to you I'ble or a black back ground. So my troubles won't help you to clear any steps in this I'ble.
Could use some general pointers though...
Jan 8, 2011. 11:36 AMkutlesss429 says:
Hey what's the purpose of the bubble-wrap in front of the lamp? Diffuser?
Jan 8, 2011. 4:14 PMkutlesss429 says:
Haha, I didn't read the description ;) but that's actually really clever. Awesome.
Jan 6, 2011. 1:41 PMCrLz says:
Very nice. Thanks for teaching!
Jan 5, 2011. 3:52 PMChrysN says:
Nice, I was going to ask you how you did that after seeing some of your recent photos, thanks for sharing.
Jan 5, 2011. 5:19 PMChrysN says:
Metallics, that would interesting.
Jan 5, 2011. 6:17 PMChrysN says:
Nice!
Jan 5, 2011. 4:01 PMJamesRPatrick says:
Neato!
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Author:AngryRedhead(Not-So-Angry Redhead)
Find more DIY projects and gardening information on my site!