Fermentation with lactic acid is also a very safe way to preserve your foods. Please enjoy this recipe, if you would like more information on lactic-acid fermentation and the health benefits of such foods please visit my site www.helladelicious.com.
Enjoy!
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Contrary to they authors description, you will not get significant amounts of probiotics from this food. The bacteria levels are quite low, and most will be dead by the time you consume the pickles. In fact, its nearly impossible to get detectable changes in your gut flora from "pro-biotic" foods; even bacteria-rich foods like yorgurt simply do not have enough to make a notable difference. Most medical studies finding benefits use daily bacterial pills containing the equilent to 2-3 liters of yogurt worth of bacteria.
People traditionally around the globe have eaten various fermented foods for thousands of years and gotten incredible benefits from them, in fact it used to be that fermented foods were treasured, cared for and handed down to the daughter on her wedding day. In this way the cultures evolved alongside the family DNA and helped to protect them from various illnesses. This is still practiced in Korea (kimchi) and in various other places.
I have also read a lot of information regarding probiotic pills that points out that it is hard to really know if the probiotics will be effective, depending on what brand you buy and the types of bacteria in the pill etc. See this article for more information about the probiotic supplement conspiracy.
The other point about eating these foods (yes this is the same method as sauerkraut!) that is highly beneficial is that our intestinal tract is so excessively long that eating food with beneficial bacteria will actually get into the various crevices and deeper into the intestinal tract than the pill form can.
Anyway there is plenty of information to support either side of this argument. The key thing is to try it yourself and see what works best for you!
The flower end of cucumbers (the end opposite the stem) contains enzymes that can cause the pickles to go soft. Many people remove this end to prevent this; it really can help make for crisper pickles. I'm lazy, so I cut both ends off instead figuring out which end is the flower end (plus they pickle faster this way). This method works for both this (fermentation) as well as traditional (heat) pickling.
A good book with tons of info on fermentation and lots of traditional recipes is Sandor Ellix Katz book Wild Fermentation if you are looking for in depth information I think this book is an excellent resource.