Rain Barrel Project

Rain Barrel Project
This Instructable will be an overview of how to setup your own rain barrels. This may not show 100% step by step since I've found their is a great variation to how you want your rain barrels to work and the setup you use. I will try to point out all the options and variations so you, yes YOU can decide how you want to do your setup. This setup is for using gravity and a pump setup for a later Instructable. The later Instructable will also include how to hook it up to a toilet and setup an additional faucet.

To start, this setup cost me less than $30 dollars to do with free barrels. You can do it for cheaper with one barrel or using other parts. I designed this to be able to be expanded (10 - or maybe more barrels :-D) and to include a pump.

This took me a week to do because I could not decide / find all the right parts but once i got one adding the other took me about an hour to do. I'd suspect that this could be done in a matter of an afternoon with all the parts at hand.
 
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Step 1Your type of Barrel

Your type of Barrel
This step will determine what and how you do your next steps.
There are a few types of barrels:

Plastic food barrels (usually pickles or olives come in them)
They have a screw on top and are usually black in color. (see picture 1)
These are also the safest if you are even thinking of using the water to drink out of. The rest should not or use caution actually drinking the water from them. I'll also talk about what I've found with types of roofs that you should be careful of.

Plastic cleaning barrels
They usually contain cleaning products for businesses since they buy them in bulk. Some may or may not wash out after cleaning them out. They usually have a 2" screw off cap or tapable cap and a 2 1/4" screw off cap. (this is the type i will be showing, they can be white, blue or sometimes another color)

Plastic industrial barrels
Usually are a few varieties, but all contain chemicals that are probably not safe for your garden or lawn and especially not safe for drinking. (They look like the barrels I'm using but are can be blue or another color)

Metal barrels
Can have a variety of different goodies in them. They do not make good rain barrels because they easily will rust with water.

Make sure to check with the person you are getting them from if you are unsure of what the contents were.

You're probably also wondering where can I find a barrel or two?!? Now that's the fun part, since every city is different there are some possibilities where you can get them. Usually you can get them for free or relativity nothing.
If you have a food factory near by try them first, they usually have the pickle barrels or some sort of food barrel you could use
The next few places you could try are some smaller industry places that use a lot of cleaner. i got mine from a smaller place that uses cleaner to clean out coloring that is safe on the environment.
Craigs list in some places you can find people selling them from 10 - 100 dollars.
Now if your really getting disparate and you don't care about how much it costs you can do a Google search for them and find them for 75 - 180
If you don't want to have to do the work of creating one you can buy a ready made one also.

If I'm inaccurate in my statements please let me know. I'd like to provide correct information to everyone since it was harder to find for me.
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114 comments
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Nov 15, 2011. 3:05 PMLMillerCarver says:
An easy way to check water levels when you can't see them would be to plumb some of that clear tubing from the outlet port back up to the top or even into the tubing connecting the two barrels at the 3/4 mark. Seems like only 2 more T fittings, 2 clamps, and a length of the tubing.
May 27, 2011. 9:07 PMfuzvulf says:
Nice, I like your setup. You've given me some useful Ideas and for that I give you Kudos.
May 18, 2011. 10:19 AMgreenlivingeco says:
Very nice guide. We created a step-by-step guide on how we installed our rain barrel for those interested in a different way of doing the install. We also have a guide on how to make a rain barrel, which shows a slightly different way to build a rain barrel.
Mar 20, 2011. 11:11 PMstantheman1955 says:
Stan Kuczynski
Hi guy's Just a quick question, I would like to set up my rain barrel system so i can run my filtered water into my washing machine. not sure how the metering system in a washer works. Do you think gravity would work ok or do you think I would need a small sump pump to give it enough pressure to simulate street pressure.40-60 psi.thanks for any ideas other wise love the ideas you all have come up with.
Mar 21, 2011. 9:34 AMstantheman1955 says:
Hi Oddie, thank you for your reply and your knowledge, as i stated, I was not knowledgeable about the timing valves and metering system in a washer but now i am just a little more "edge-a-macated" about such things, Thank you!

I have a small pancake compresses that does the brunt of the work for general things like tires, dust abatement brads and staples. It would be nothing to hook up an aux line to a pressure tank and keep it topped off...thats a great idea thanks.
Mar 21, 2011. 1:07 PMstantheman1955 says:
Hi oddie thank you for the additional info thats great. What gave me the idea was at a fire station I was stationed at before I retired we were on well water. The ground pump pressurized the main storage tank and it had a compressor aux to adjust tap pressure. If the tank filled up to much with liquid it lost head pressure to the taps also same happened if it lost to much water. if we washed a lot of trucks we had to manually adjust the water level and head pressure to get the station back to normal. if i use a sump pump the tank pressure should be low enough that i will not have to de- pressurize...... the cool trick will be figuring a way to read pre-determined low water level, execute auto fill to pre- determind full level then have the compressor auto pressurize to maintain 40-60 psi. when I am not using the washer i can just shut the whole thing down till i need it.
Mar 12, 2011. 3:01 PMgarden goddess says:
Very technological! Have you seen the sand biofilter website? We just use the water on plants, so don't need to have the extra steps.
May 20, 2010. 3:09 PM1ofakindwork says:
I have clear barrels also,  I plan on painting them like mentioned to help keep down algae, but now I see from reading this I will Run a line of tape from top to bottom before painting so I can see my water level.  Then I can just put this spot close to the house with less light exposure.
May 20, 2010. 3:11 PM1ofakindwork says:
By running the tape before painting and removing it I will still have a line of clear barrel to view the water level....Figured I better clear up what I was saying...
Apr 26, 2010. 12:46 PMbubbmx says:
Good afternoon,
Really cool project. I have been racking my brain for a filter product.....why don't you try a natural sponge (for car washing,etc); buy something big and cut to fit snuggly inside the kitty bin.
Maybe that will let the water through, and with all those thousands of internal holes; the dirt will get stuck.

Good luck
Jun 14, 2009. 9:57 PMabadfart says:
remember to check water laws in your area
May 12, 2009. 8:05 AMjohnfournier77 says:
I'm a homebrewer and have used lots of eco-friendly cleaning agents. I suggest you get some "oxy"-type detergent boosting powder at the grocery store. Basically, these products, when you add them to water, create hydrogen peroxide, which kills microorganisms on contact. When the reaction is done, you're left with just pure water and mineral salts from the minerals that were in the water. It's a very eco-friendly way to sanitize anything. Depending on the strength of the powder you buy, you usually use about 1 T per gallon of water. You only need to make 1 gallon of solution if you swish it around in the bottle a few times. Generally, they dissolve better in warm water.
Apr 20, 2009. 6:31 PMthetech101 says:
Amazon.com has some great pumps for way cheaper than 130 dollars. Like this one for 12.00 dollars:

http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0013KGO24/ref=s9k2a_c1_at4-rfc_g1?pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_s=center-3&pf_rd_r=039RJTZD2CDTWGYD59VR&pf_rd_t=101&pf_rd_p=463383391&pf_rd_i=507846

It flows 132 GPH (just over 2 GPM) which is more than a lot of more expensive pumps available elsewhere.

One good idea is to use a a separate dedicated barrel and use a small pump and small copper pipe to make a floor heating system. You'll need to build a solar thermal hot water heater. On second thought, use an old hot water heater tank and hot water heater wrap to save the hot water during the day. You could easily make the system self contained. If you have the money, put a thermostat on it. Free whole house heating!

Anyway, thanks for posting the Instructable!

Oh, and about the filter. Use PVC, or aluminum if you want to (it'll heat the water), and make a pyramid shape that will fit snugly over the input (caulk it down, obviously) and another larger one for the output pipe. Wrap them in flexible filter material. Fit them snugly into place one over the other and put the pipe over the outer filter (you might want to cut a hole in the top to keep the debris from clogging it up) and viola, easy to clean filter.

Give me a minute and I'll post pics of what I'm talking about.
Apr 20, 2009. 6:42 PMthetech101 says:
Here's the design I made on my computer.
Rain Barrel filter design.jpg
Apr 20, 2009. 6:49 PMthetech101 says:
On second thought, the outer filter could be made of glass or some similar material to allow light in but still keep heat in. the inner filter could be made of metal and the light would heat it (the bigger the filter the more heat). The heat could kill the bacteria. You could use the cat litter box/pool filter for the output and have a second set of tanks (used hot water heater tanks would be a really good idea) to store the filtered water until you use it. I'll elaborate more later.
Feb 11, 2009. 4:22 PMpleabargain says:
Typo: step 3Deside your setup. Decide! Thanks for posting your experience with the rain barrel set up!
Jan 26, 2009. 1:16 AMbasementsong says:
i HAVE SEVERAL IDEAS AND DESIGNS FOR A PRE-FILTER. As well, going a step further, to filter it and neutralizing any possible chemicals e.g. from pollutants in the air etc. or if you have a supplemental system coming from a spring, creek etc. I'm in the process of moving to a piece of land and living as green as possible/practical and would like to have some folk to collaborate with or advise, feedback, input etc. email: larry.burke@gmail.com
Feb 4, 2009. 9:35 AMbasementsong says:
Super! I'll get my drawings together, throw 'em out there and see what you folks think. Everything looks good on paper, but when you begin the process, out in the field, many unseen probs just pop-up. It would be great to have some constructive criticism, as well as advice & other ideas. I would like to eliminate as many of those pitfalls as possible and foreseen, before I start on the construction. Part of the parameter here, for me, is that I'm operating on a 'shoestring' budget, I'm not a young man anymore either. So most of the ideas I present will be using materials I have on hand, or can get by scrounging etc. As well, I am trying to make it as easy as possible on my body. I'd like to enjoy the fruits of my labor when I'm done, and not from a hospital bed. So these pose a different set of challenges for me. However, I had the same problems facing me when I finally conceded that I cannot backpack with 80 lbs. on my back anymore. But in this case, I took advantage of the newer lightweight materials and technology. I've cut it down to 40 lbs. which I can live out of for 3 days without any other supplementation. But with trapping, hunting & foraging etc. it potentially can be indefinite if necessary. This really sounds like a worthwhile project. Thanks for the reply 'oddie', I'm looking forward to hearing from you. Larry
Jan 26, 2009. 1:26 AMbasementsong says:
After reading some of the feedback, seems like there's a lot of wisdom and knowledge for the offing. So here's a request: I am designing a waterless/self-composting toilet. The 'mechanics' are basically worked out, (but would Love to hear any ideas) What I need now, is an effective medium to break down the 'material' into composted soil. I've experimented with 'humus' and some bio-chemicals and the results were negligible. Would like some other specific ideas if anyone has some. Thanks
Jan 22, 2009. 7:01 AMchrisnotap says:
You have done a great job! Your mind is always going and that's fantastic! Keep at it. You are helping to keep pressure off the public water system. I have a rainwater system myself and have 6 barrels all connected, off the ground 3 feet, connected to my toilet, basic filter to keep the crude, leaves, at bay, ball valve to fill watering cans easily for the garden. I want to make a filter this spring, once the freezing winter is over, and it will be a slow sand filter only for the toilet. My problem is tree debris. It turns the water to like a tea colour. I am also working on a wind powered water pump to pump the water to a barrel in my attic so I have more pressure and can connect the mainfloor toilet to it too. As of now, I use the lower washroom for 7 - 8 months and save a lot of water on my bill. I hope to publish my system on the site in the future.
july 06 018.jpgjuly 06 024.jpg
Jan 23, 2009. 10:39 AMchrisnotap says:
Yes, I already have an idea in place that I will be making just like you have described. It's called a "first flush" system. Of the 6 barrels I have, I am going to use one for the first flush. I am going to put a 3" t on top of the first flush barrel just the way a T is in a sentence. Down spout will be connected to the one side of the t. The polluted first run-off water and poop and leaves will come in and drop into the first barrel. When the water gets to the top, there will be a ball lever that will rise and plug the incoming water with the ball. Once it plugs it will now flow across the t and into the next 5 barrels. At the bottom of the first flush barrel about 1 foot up from the bottom I will have a small dia. hose, maybe 1/4" or so. It will always be flowing water as long as it's raining. Once the rain stops falling, this first flush barrel will empty on it's own and since the hose is one foot up from the bottom, leaves shouldn't plug the hose from draining the water. The beauti of this system is that if you don't get a good downpour to flush the leaves and junk off the roof and it just drizzles, the first flush barrel will not fill and plug the hole with the ball and the water will just drain out of the 1/4" hose. If it rains hard, the first flush fills, ball plugs hole and bob's your uncle. My whole thinking in this project is to not use any power at all, all gravity fed or use wind to lift it. If you are having a problem finding a hook up for the toilet so you can switch from city to rain and back ,I have the sweetest setup and you can get it all at home depot. Let me know. Thanks, Chris
Jan 22, 2009. 7:09 AMchrisnotap says:
I have found through trial and error that if you use white plastic containers the water inside will turn green and algea will form because the sunlight is able to get through. Clear plastic tube will do the same. The dark coloured containers I have do not suffer from this. Good system you have, keep experimenting.
Sep 13, 2008. 8:32 AMJawatech says:
cool rain barrel project I should have looked at this a few weeks ago so i could catch some of this hurricane weather going on. lol you said "marine caulk"
ORD_M-32_40mm_lg.jpg
Sep 30, 2008. 8:02 PMJawatech says:
lol
Sep 27, 2008. 12:20 PMA good name says:
Hahahahaha... caulk.
Sep 29, 2008. 6:55 PMfbriggs says:
Thanks for all the comments on building a rain barrel setup. I am still deciding on how to arrange my setup. Fbriggs
Aug 19, 2008. 2:04 PMmackstann says:
Window screen will not keep mosquitos out! You need to specifically buy mosquito netting.
Jul 31, 2008. 1:24 PMstripmind says:
rather than drilling the holes and putting in rigid outlet plumbing at the bottom of the barrels, did you consider using a siphon for barrel redistribution or gravity feed delivery? It's easy to chain barrels with a siphon, just have a length of hose that goes from the bottom of one barrel to the bottom of the next. Once you've primed it, you just have to make sure your water level doesn't drop below the entrance/exit of your hoses, otherwise you'll get air in the lines, and have to reprime... With the siphon, you also just need your collection system to deposit into a single barrel. The siphon between tanks will redistribute the water to the less full tanks. And the same for delivery, a delivery system that takes water from a single barrel (the lead barrel) is fine, because when you're emptying tanks, the siphon will flow in the reverse direction to redistribute water back to the lead barrel. For the delivery hose, a valve at the end of the hose keeps the siphon primed.
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Author:oddie1212