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THE GAUSSIAN RIFFLE

THE GAUSSIAN RIFFLE
The electromagnetic riffle is a weaponry designed to fire ferrous projectiles with the help of high voltage currents discharged from a capacitor bank. It is a simple riffle designed to reduce the complexity and cost of bullets . The riffle is based on the concepts of electromagnetic levitation and magnetic propulsion techniques, the basic idea is that when a solenoid is magnetised, its core has the tendency to pull any iron projectile in to its core
If the current to the coil is stopped before the projectile reaches the core then the projectile travels with the same high velocity in the same direction it was pulled towards its core
 
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Step 1You will neEd

You will neEd
To construct this riffle you will need a 25 cm long pvc pipe, 0.5guage magnet wire, a switch ,a rectifier (4 diodes) and lots of capacitors(higher the capacitance higher will be the power )
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79 comments
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Sep 28, 2009. 11:34 PMdaisy.darling20 says:
whats a magnetic wire
Mar 23, 2012. 2:40 PMLaminarin says:
I'd also like to add that magnet wire is important because the insulating enamel is very thin which allows more wire to be wrapped in a small space increasing magnetic field strength. If you used standard plastic coated insulated wire, the coil would be larger and the magnetic field strength would be weaker.
Dec 9, 2010. 12:21 AMqualia says:
but by now you already knew that, i bet.
Dec 9, 2010. 12:20 AMqualia says:
the styrofoampeanut gave a good reply, as well as being covered in enamel, this wire is often highly pure colloidial copper without any oxides on it, as well as being covered in an air and current insulating enamel coating. this is so that it has a homogenous level of resistance (copper chemical compounds alter this) when used in coils to create electromagnetic fields, which are then used in electromechanical applications such as the coils of tattoo machines, solenoids, motors, stepper motors, dynamos, etc, as well as to make the coils of current changing transformers, tesla coils, and various other things.

nicola tesla was a serbian chap that did alot to further the known applications of this material. look him up.
Dec 4, 2009. 10:12 PMthestyrofoampeanut says:
 foxtrot is wrong
its officially called magnet wire, and its wire with a thin coat of enamel on it, like an insulator
it has this so it can be wrapped in many coils without discharging electricity where the coils touch each other
Nov 16, 2009. 9:37 AMfoxtrot4697 says:
its a wire that is magnetic. (kinda self-explanitory)
Nov 13, 2009. 4:06 PMjeremy_smith says:
pulse accelerator, not gauss rifle. But allot of people make that mistake.
Sep 14, 2010. 10:10 PMLiquidLightning says:
Or gauss gun, or coilgun, or lenear electromagnetic accelerator, or mounted ferric projectile launcher, it really doesn't matter.
Jul 27, 2011. 6:44 PMALogan97 says:
Actually there is a difference between them. This is a coilgun, not a gauss rifle. A gauss rifle is where you have multiple chambers separated by magnets with two ferrous balls in each chamber, and the last chamber is open on one end which allows one the last ball to shoot out of the end when you drop another one in the opposite side. It doesn't have any electromagnets in it. A coilgun is where you have a coil wrapped around a tube with a small ferrous projectile that is shot out of the end of the tube by the electromagnetic field generated by the coil surrounding it. A linear electromagnetic accelerator (aka railgun) is where a ferrous projectile sitting on two metal rails is propelled forward by the electromagnetic field generated when the metal rails are charged with electricity. So it does actually matter what you call it.
Aug 4, 2011. 7:00 PMLiquidLightning says:
You are wrong sir. A gauss gun, is any form of device which accelerates a projectile via magnetic force. A coilgun is an example of this, so is a railgun, and so is the example you provided. Gauss guns may use electromagnets, permanent magnets, or both.

A linear electromagnetic accelerator, is any device which accelerates a projectile via electromagnetic force, such as a railgun, or a coilgun. Linear electromagnetic accelerators are the same as gauss guns however they do not use permanent magnets, only electromagnets.
Aug 5, 2011. 8:53 AMALogan97 says:
Well a gauss gun and a coilgun are often used interchangeable, yes. you can call a coilgun a gauss gun but you can't call a gauss gun a coil gun unless it actually is. gauss gun being the linear magnetic accelerator (not linear electromagnetic accelerator). and a railgun is different. a railgun is a railgun. not a gauss gun or a coilgun, or a linear magnetic accelerator, it is simply a railgun (or linear electromagnetic accelerator.)
Aug 8, 2011. 3:35 AMLiquidLightning says:
Dolphins and whales. Same scenario, not all whales are dolphins but all dolphins are whales. Whales are part of a larger group, which includes multiple individual genus, some of which are dolphins, whose 17 genus include almost 40 individual species.

Similar to this, all coil guns are gaussian guns, but not all gaussian guns are coilguns. All railguns are gaussian guns, but not all gaussian guns are railguns. The larger group here is gaussian guns, which splits into coil and rail guns.

All railguns are linear electromagnetic accelerators, but not all linear electromagnetic accelerators are railguns. All coilguns are linear electromagnetic accelerators, but not all linear electromagnetic accelerators are coilguns. See how 1 individual can be part of multiple groups?

All railguns are linear magnetic accelerators, but not all linear magnetic accelerators are railguns. Do I need to go on?

My point is, coilguns/railguns/gauss guns/linear magnetic accelerators, and linear electromagnetic accelerators can be divided into groups, and one can be part of a few groups. And in some groups, names can be used interchangeably. Sorry if I sound rude in this post, I don't mean to be, just trying to clarify.
Aug 8, 2011. 9:49 AMALogan97 says:
That's all right, except that coilguns are not linear electromagnetic accelerators. They can't be, because the coil it uses is not linear. The taxonomy would be:


Gauss Guns (Order): Coilguns, railguns, those weird chambered guns used for class experiments

Linear magnetic accelerators (Genus): Railguns, Chambered guns

Linear Electromagnetic accelerators (Species): Railguns


Coilguns get cut off before the genus of linear magnetic accelerators, because they aren't linear.

Chambered gun get cut off before linear electromagnetic accelerators because (usually) they don't use electromagnets (Unless someone does use electromagnets, I'm not sure why they would though, it would be unnecessary).

Railguns are in every one because they fit every category. They are gauss guns because they use magnetism to propel a projectile, linear magnetic accelerators because they use magnetism running in a linear path to propel a projectile, and linear electromagnetic accelerators because they are a linear magnetic accelerator that requires electromagnetism (Unless the rails were like an MRI magnet strengthwise, which would be way more expensive, therefore illogical to do).
Aug 8, 2011. 7:22 PMLiquidLightning says:
Coilguns are indeed linear electromagnetic accelerators. It is not the shape of the device or driver (coil) that matters, but in what manner it accelerates the payload. Coilguns accelerate the payload along a linear axis using electromagnetic force, therefore they are linear magnetic accelerators and linear electromagnetic accelerators.
Aug 9, 2011. 10:03 AMALogan97 says:
Ok, you win for now, while I do a few days' worth of more research to come up with a legitimate response to this.
Aug 14, 2011. 7:38 PMBen Mighall says:
Wow, only nerds like us would discuss the differences between electromagnetic accelerator types in this heavy of detail.
Aug 15, 2011. 9:38 AMALogan97 says:
Yeah I know. At least we're not discussing the plot summary of Twilight.
Aug 15, 2011. 2:10 PMBen Mighall says:
:) lol that's what our geek girlfriends are for
Apr 7, 2011. 4:10 AMblackfister says:
First, very nice instructable.
While looIking at it, I was thinking if it could be posible to make the projectile "vibrate", lets say to move back and forth, (not leaving the coil) inverting polarity of magnet? The idea would be to use the vibration of the projectile in the linear magnet to use its movemet as a machine, kind like a standard tattoo machine, sorry if it sounds ignorant, im not familiar with electromagnets. Any one knows if posible? If posible, could the movement (back and forth) be controlled, lenght of the movent? amount of vibrations? (lets say N amounts per seconds) and strength?
Kind regards,
B.
Jul 27, 2011. 6:17 PMALogan97 says:
you could get it to move easily -- I'm not sure about how you would do it if it were inside of the coil, though -- by putting it inside of a tube with an electromagnet at both ends, and alternating the electromagnets' strength from weak to strong to cause it to move closer to the more powerful magnetic field and then reversing motion when the strength of the other magnetic field is changed to be more powerful than the opposing one. The speed would vary according to the difference in the two magnetic fields, and the distance traveled would vary by how long you left one magnetic more powerful than the other. Sorry if this is confusing, I can post a diagram if you want.
Jul 28, 2011. 6:07 AMblackfister says:
thank you for taking time into responding. a diagram would help. ;)
Jul 28, 2011. 11:20 AMALogan97 says:
Oh, and the strength of the magnets can be changed depending on the amount of current going into it, so you could probably hook up one of those light dimmer switches or use an arduino to easily control the strengths of the magnets.
Jul 28, 2011. 11:17 AMALogan97 says:
Ok, I made three diagrams showing different states of the electromagnets. The setup is the same in all of them so if you don't know what something is in the second or third, it's labeled in the first one.
Aug 8, 2011. 7:24 PMLiquidLightning says:
A more efficient method would be to have a single, central coil which is offset wound, meaning one side is slightly larger, and connecting to high current AC in the frequency you want it to vibrate.
Aug 8, 2011. 8:14 PMALogan97 says:
Yeah, that would work, but wouldn't the vibration frequency change in different parts of the tube since the coil is offset?
Aug 17, 2011. 10:35 PMLiquidLightning says:
No because both sides would exert equal force in the opposite polarity. if it is in +/- and the right side is smaller, the left would pull with say, 5 newtons of force while in -/+ polarity the left side would push with 5 newtons of force.
Aug 18, 2011. 11:12 AMALogan97 says:
Good point, tu parle la vérité.
Jul 29, 2011. 10:19 AMblackfister says:
thank you very much! its exactly what im trying to get done. Ill keep postings on the outcome.
Thank you again for taking time on responding!
:)
May 31, 2011. 2:05 PMBen Mighall says:
You should build a portable housing for this, with a trigger and all.
Nov 27, 2010. 10:16 PMjj.inc says:
Could you add a ferrite core (from a usb cable) around a straw for a better field. It is magnetically soft and would lose the field as soon as the coils charge was depleted.
Sep 28, 2010. 5:04 PMHightechk says:
all kidding aside very cool
Sep 28, 2010. 5:04 PMHightechk says:
come get some!

oh wait where can i plug in?

lol
Feb 4, 2010. 10:54 AMwolf08 says:
if your capcitors are 470v max and your only charging them with 120v dc ?
Jul 8, 2010. 8:35 PMmad magoo says:
Capacitors (I think, from my limited experience with them) do not need their maximum voltage to charge. Charging with less just takes longer. I've charged a small capacitor rated to 50 volts with a nine volt battery. However, by doing this you may only charge the capacitor to the charging voltage, not the maximum voltage. That's just my best guess. Anyway, it's generally not a good idea to connect things like capacitors directly to wall outlets. A DC-DC boost converter would be much better and safer. There are a ton of instructables on those.
Aug 14, 2010. 6:20 PMBlue_Bird says:
Theres a simple way to get a charger circuit, take apart one of those disposable cameras, and inside there's a 3 volt to >200 transformer, complete with circuit, or you could just directly hook up the capacitors to the coilgun from the circuitry inside.
Feb 6, 2010. 9:38 PMmettaurlover says:
I think he's in Europe which has 220V if I'm correct. We in America are apparently wusses for having such low voltage.
Feb 26, 2010. 10:48 AMjackh94 says:
 In the UK its 230V, it helps having an earthing plug, that's what the third points for.
May 2, 2010. 6:23 AMchibiwind says:
the earthing point is useful, but the neutral point can be used for the same purpose which is why only 2 is needed
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im just a kid on my way to get myself killed by what i do,