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Take a Look Inside a ATX computer power supply

Take a Look Inside a ATX computer power supply
Have you ever wanted to see what's inside a computer power supply?
Well here's your chance.

P.S. this is my first Instructable so I hope it's good enough

Caution: Don't do this at home unless you know about the risk of shocking yourself even after turning it off! If you want to take that risk, Always discharge those 1 or 2 large mains filtering capacitors by jumpering the green wire in the 20 or 24 pin ATX plug to a black wire in the same plug while the PSU is unplugged. You should hear a click. Remove the jumper and disassemble.

You might want some rubber gloves to keep your hands from getting electrified

Don't forget to rate if you like it and comment, I accept constructive criticism
 
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Step 1A look inside the power supply

A look inside the power supply
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This particular power supply has a un-switched output meaning the output always has voltage. the rectifier down the bottom of the psu uses 4 diodes to change AC to DC. On the primary side of the board, we see the X-Y caps dominate the space. They serve as the mains filters. Lower down, just to the right of the torroid, are some yellow rectangles. These are caps designed to help the power supply handle surges and inrush current. To the right of the fuse is another inductor (the white thing) used for more mains filtering. It may actually be an isolation transformer. In the middle, we see the heatsinks. attached to them are the mosfets, used to raise the frequency of the AC. This allows the transformers to be smaller, and results in less ripple to be filtered out. On the upper right is the voltage regulating parts. On the heatsinks are more Vregs. On the upper right is the secondary side, with its filter capacitors and inductor.
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60 comments
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Dec 28, 2010. 9:50 AMskaar says:
so, theoretically, if i desolder the rectifier, add some heavy wire, block up the ac-in with a heavy binding post, it should be just a dc-dc supply. what makes me wonder, is if anything uses the ac as some kind of timer or clock signal, i'd hate to completely ruin a supply cause i don't destroy it in the exact right way.

i may have an instructable in this... i have the rest of the system figured, the 4 truck batteries will be a killer, just getting them home on the bus.
Jan 2, 2011. 7:43 PMskaar says:
i don't think so, doesn't make sense, the transformers, to lower the voltage, likely aren't after the rectifiers, cause transformers are usually piss poor at lowering the voltage to something the motherboard can use. if the fets burned open, it'd be a full 125v to the board, or the person holding the wires, so it's not likely the transformers are chokes. which means, there's gotta be transformers before the rectifiers to lower the voltage, making it more manageable with regular logic chips n stuff. the rectifier chip also looks like a low voltage device(same old fashioned crappy ones that rat shack has sold for 30 years).

so, there has to be rectified dc at some low voltage, otherwise the switching section would only be on a few percent of the time. i figure it's likely to be at most 15vrms into the rectifier.

course, if it really is designed to switch rectified line voltage, that'd be nutty...
Feb 7, 2011. 2:02 PMskaar says:
oh yeah, that makes more sense, though, if the switching increases the frequency... dc could be inverted to ac high voltage, or, the second rectifier stage could be bypassed, and feed dc into it there...
Oct 14, 2009. 1:59 AMMario1 says:
Ermm i touched one of the heatsinks and i got knocked the fu*ck out ....

My finger got blue and i couldn't feel it for like 10 minutes
Dec 27, 2009. 4:35 PMLee Wilkerson says:
You fellows have no sense of adventure. I find that electrifying!
But seriously, those heatsinks of which you speak have voltage in the range of 150 - 170 VDC.
Dec 31, 2009. 4:21 PMMario1 says:
Well... it was powered on ... :D
I touched the heatsink, yelled for like 4 seconds smoke came on one of the capacitors and the PSU died...
My heart started bumping like a 12" subwoofer i didn't felt my finger and i started feeling immortal (like when you try amphetamine for the 1'st time...).

Jan 7, 2010. 7:43 PMChewyCoyote says:
Puts hair on your chest, after you've fried it off that is
Nov 18, 2009. 12:59 PMHycro says:
I have an old switching PSU (non-ATX, it's the kind where the power switch on the front of the computer shut off the mains power to the supply) and on the heatsinks inside, it specifically says that they are NOT isolated, and that touching one and the chassis, or touching two of them, will give you a very nasty if not deadly shock...
Nov 18, 2009. 1:06 PMHycro says:
Yea, I think you can short it to the earth ground...that's how ground fault interrupters work...*I think* 'cause I've accidentally connected a live wire to the ground wire, and it tripped the GFI on our outdoor outlet...
Nov 18, 2009. 2:07 PMHycro says:
Oh, ok. But even still, in the power supply, one like an ATX supply, you can get shocked when you touch a live heatsink and the grounded (as in through the ground prong on the plug) chassis...I've had it happen, though every electrical shock I've had that's been under 200V hasn't really been more than a tingling "buzz" feeling...
Apr 28, 2009. 11:10 PMjacobclinester says:
i found out that on a AT power supply with a switch you should never mix the prongs around on the switch because i did and it flipped the breaker to the house when i turned it on
Dec 27, 2009. 4:38 PMLee Wilkerson says:
That means that AC outlet is wired correctly! B)
Jan 30, 2009. 8:48 PMbioerror says:
Here's a tip!!! If you have a PSU that does not work anymore, why not take the circuit board out and de-solder the componants to use for other projects. Also you can use the left over case as a project box (yes its metal but a metal cutting bit for a dremel will be useful to cut holes in it for plugs and such.
Oct 12, 2009. 7:58 PMmr. clean says:

DUDE thats exactly what i did with mine i used the box to make a thermoelectric heater/cooler with a peltier unit i think ill post a slide show of what it looks like, unfortunately i forgot about making an ible for it :(

Jun 16, 2009. 7:42 PMercle says:
i shocked myself on one of thoe things once :(
Jun 13, 2009. 4:47 PMHydroelectric says:
Good Job Thermoelectric. I like the way you go indepth with the explaining about what to do with it. I've looked at your other instructables and have also liked the way you've done them. I would like to see a new instructable soon.
Jan 29, 2009. 5:22 PMjoinaqd says:
nice instructable...This question is nothing related to this instructable,but any1 over here knows if its possible to connect a transistor to a transformer to run it with DC electricity?
Dec 5, 2008. 4:19 PMAnarchistAsian says:
ZOMG i've never seen this ible before!
Dec 5, 2008. 6:24 PMAnarchistAsian says:
amazingggggggGGGGG
Oct 13, 2008. 12:24 AMGuitarLord66 says:
I've pulled apart three PSU's and unsoldered 4 capacitors and never been shocked and I didn't discharge them lol
Sep 6, 2008. 8:04 AMGjdj3 says:
Nice job. Just a hint though... if you don't know exactly what you're doing you should wear gloves so that you don't get shocked!
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Author:thermoelectric
I am a high school student in Cairns, Queensland. Most of the time I am either at school, sleeping, doing stuff on my computer, making circuits of some kind or messing with 240v