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USB Heater (or How to Upgrade Your Coffee Cup)

Step 3Heat it!

Heat it!
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Clean the processor, check for dust or other stuff that could prevent the thermal paste apllication or smell bad when heated.

Cut the USB cable to expose the wires, isolate green and white. These are USB data, we only need the power, which comes from red and black.

Solder the two resistors in series, then solder the black and red from the USB cable. No polarity issue here, so don't worry about who goes where, as long as you respect the design and keep the wires distant enough to avoid a short circuit.

The chopstick was used to spread the thermal paste under the processor. You could also use some thermal adhesive, heard about it but never seen these. I did some soldering between the processor and resistors terminals to hold them together with a small piece cut from them (a poorman's solution for lack of thermal adhesive).
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2 comments
Oct 5, 2008. 2:45 AMSyntax Error says:
This is an awesome instructable. The moment I read you didn't have any type of enclosure for it yet, about 3 or 4 ideas came to mind for one. I can't remember them anymore, because it's 1:00 AM where I am and I'm tired. I was actually wondering something,

Where'd you get the yellow and black wires? And is the solder in the last step (To connect the metal to the processor) nesscesary, or can you take a little bit of electrical tape to connect it? ALSO, what kind of a volt of a AC/DC charger would I need to make this for the wall? The lowest I can think of right now is 12, and that seems a little high...

But if anything I asked right now doesn't make very much sense, just wait until tomorrow when I can see straight instead of having to put my face right up to the keyboard.
May 8, 2008. 1:46 PMverence says:
Just a little bit of nitpicking... :-)

The maximum current out of an uninitialized USB port is 100mA, not 500mA.
This 100mA have to be enough for a USB device to establish communication with the USB host and request up to 500mA. Which might (or might not) be granted by the host.

Fortunately for all the USB gadgets around, most (if not all) USB hosts (read: PCs, laptops, hubs) ignore that part of the specifications and just deliver 500mA (or even more - good for those hard drives ;-) ).

So, without any USB-logic on the heater, it most probably will work, but only 500mW are guaranteed.

The tip with the powered USB hub is very advisable, just be aware, that your gadget might kill your precious notebook when it's connected directly even when it worked with the hub.

Otherwise: nice idea to use a Pentium as hotplate.
Aug 7, 2008. 3:40 PMbob_shaftenkluger says:
I have shorted usb ports many times (= 0.0001 ohms). While I would always recomend caution, every pc I have been stupid enough to short has simply switched itself off. Other than a minute or two of panic ,and a couple extra grey hairs on my head, it has never done any damage. So i think drawing too much current shouldnt be a problem. Having said that, I would reccomend not using a usb port at all. Just find any old power supply you have lying around, and build ur heater arround that. I'm hoping to get my old pentium cpu at the weekend when I'm at my mums, however mine will be a tea cup heater. I hate coffee. Yuck.
May 9, 2008. 1:20 PMverence says:
As for the whitepaper, why not get it from the guys who designed that stuff:
http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/usb_20_040908.zip

But beware, it is the official hardcore stuff...
If you dare to download it, see file usb_20.pdf.

In chapter "7.3.2 Bus Timing/Electrical Characteristics" it says that an "Unconfigured Function" (that is any current consumer that has not negotiated all the protocol details with the host - e.g your two resistors beneath a Pentium) are allowed to get 100mA max. On the other hand, it is not prohibited that a host supplies more than 100mA.

For endolith's (and other's) suggestion to combine 2 or more ports the same restrictions apply. 100mA guaranteed per port, maybe more...

About your concerns, see chapter "7.2.1.2.1 Over-current Protection". According to the spec, the absolute maximum is 5A (that would mean 25W and a hot coffee!) or whatever the driver can handle and the driver has to be over-current protected.

Only problem here: Those PTC and other protection devices are (relatively) expensive components - and hey, why shouldn't the producer make a few cents into his pockets? 99.9% of the customers will never need the over current protection... except you, of course (There is hardly anything in the world that some man cannot make a little bit worse and a little bit cheaper...John Ruskin)

So I would strongly advise to use a powered hub to protect your PC or at least use a USB port that is not on your main board, but on a separate PCI card (not helpful for you laptop users out there).

Or, why violate an USB port at all? It's a data port. If you want energy, use one of this wall warts (errr. power supplies). They are cheap, come with a lot or voltages and some can deliver a lot of current. For the heater thing, it even doesn't matter if it is AC or DC. Just use a reasonably low voltage ;-)

Yep, the older EPROMS came in ceramic packages - they felt as expensive as they were. Especially the ones that could be erased with UV light and had a window where you could look at the die.
May 10, 2008. 11:26 AMverence says:
> I still didn't read the whole document (I'll do it), Well. not the most absorbing piece of literature and as long as you don't want to develop a real USB device (sending data to/from host), there is little need to read it all. I developed such a device some time ago, so I had to read it, but at least I got money for that (was my job at that time). > but I found a curious point on Maxim's website when searching for Li-Ion > charging controllers (MAX1551 looks cool). The section is called What > Your Mom Didn't Tell You About USB. Good link! Very good discussion of the differences of specification and wildlife. > It brings a bit more confusion to our minds, maybe, but I am glad with this > subject, I believe we all are learning more and more about the USB > standard. Only no one seems to keep to the standard. As I see it: - you get minimum 100mA (but most probably you can get more) - there should be a over current protection, but don't count on it Other than that, hope for the best, but be prepared for the worst ;-)

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