Due to the surprises, I probably will not get that far in this version!
However, it has been an incredibly fast learning experience!
Combines a 15 watt solar panel (No batteries HURRAH), a 12 volt bilge pump, a storage container and bicycle spokes to make a semi decent model of the thing!

































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Thanks Brian
When the water's rotational speed is greater, the depth of water in the middle of the container is lower, and the depth of water at the edge of the container is higher.
When the water's rotational speed is lower, the water's depth in the middle of the container is higher.
None of this should be at all surprising.
Adding the turbine slows down the water's rotational speed, which is also not surprising.
The side effect of the turbine decreasing the water's rotational speed is that it increases the liquid depth in the middle of the container. Still, no surprises here!
And, of course, water drains out of the container at a rate proportional to the depth of liquid over the hole. I really hope that this does not surprise anyone.
Thus, the fact that water drains out of the container faster when the turbine is present, than when it is absent, should also not be a surprise.
Also, when the turbine is absent, the vortex's steepness has another effect -- since the water is more sloped, it doesn't take as much water to overflow the outer edge of the container.
I think the explanation for this is that the vortex, being centrifugal, obstructs the water output. When you obstruct partially the vortex, the water output increase. But it is only a guess.
http://www.instructables.com/id/Summer-Water-Challenge/
I have wasted 2 days with this obsession and now another 2 will be used up at the makerfaire.
Sorry (but it is much better now!)
If you make one of these models yourself, it is very interesting how the vortex flows around the "turbines". With some of them, it becomes 2 vortexes acting on either side of the turbine and builds up torque as it does so.
I think they will work on a very small scale to turn little direct drive machines on farms. Flip your turbine to change from fast drill to heavy duty power drill!
Brian