Wi-Tricity (Wireless Electricity)

 by howtowithmanish
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Please Rate this Instructable and follow me for more cool step by step guides. 

Made by Manish Kumar, Murtaza Tunio, Minaam Abbas, Mustafa Rashid and Saad Hirani.


Wireless electricity is one of the most emerging solutions to the global power crisis. It is defined as the transfer of wireless electricity or power from a source to a load without the use of any artificial interconnecting conductors such as wires. Wireless electricity is being used primarily on the basis that at times, wires can be inefficient (power is lost as wires transmit electricity over long distances), inconvenient (in terms of cost and labor) and sometimes hazardous (many people may be electrocuted or put in some sort of danger).

Our team paid attention to two different forms of wireless energy transfer- the first is through resonant inductive coupling, whereby energy supplied to a coil is transferred to a similar parallel coil without the use of any wires in order to provide enough electricity to light LED’s (Light Emitting Diodes). The second is through the use of a laser that reflects onto a solar panel attached to a capacitor that stores the energy converted by the solar panel, and transmits it to an LED placed at a distance. This time, the LED is connected through wires as the laser already shows the transfer of wireless energy. Other forms of wireless electricity transfer not looked at include the use of microwaves etc.


 
 
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Step 1: History

Wireless power transmission is not a new idea. Nicola Tesla demonstrated transmission of electrical energy without wires in early 20th century. Tesla used electromagnetic induction systems. Tesla discovered that electrical energy could be transmitted through the earth and the atmosphere. In the course of his research he successfully lit lamps at moderate distances and was able to detect the transmitted energy at much greater distances. The Wardenclyffe Tower project was a commercial venture for trans-Atlantic wireless telephony and proof-of-concept demonstrations of global wireless power transmission. The facility was not completed because of insufficient funding.

Earth is a naturally conducting body and forms one conductor of the system. A second path is established through the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere starting at an elevation of approximately 4.5 miles.

A global system for "the transmission of electrical energy without wires" called the World Wireless System, dependent upon the high electrical conductivity of plasma and the high electrical conductivity of the earth, was proposed as early as 1904
Following World War II, which saw the development of high-power microwave emitters known as cavity magnetrons, the idea of using microwaves to transmit power was researched.

William C Brown demonstrated a microwave powered model helicopter in 1964. This receives all the power needed for flight from a microwave beam. In 1975 Bill Brown transmitted 30kW power over a distance of 1 mile at 84% efficiency without using cables.
Japanese researcher Hidetsugu Yagi also investigated wireless energy transmission using a directional array antenna that he designed. In February 1926, Yagi and Uda published their first paper on the tuned high-gain directional array now known as the Yagi antenna. While it did not prove to be particularly useful for power transmission, this beam antenna has been widely adopted throughout the broadcasting and wireless telecommunications industries due to its excellent performance characteristics.

In 2006, more recent breakthroughs were made; using electrodynamics induction a physics research group, led by Prof. Marin Soljacic, at MIT, wirelessly power a 60W light bulb with 40% efficiency at a 2 meters distance with two 60 cm-diameter coils.

Researchers developed several techniques for moving electricity over long distance without wires. Some exist only as theories or prototypes, but others are already in use.
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opemipo durodola says: Apr 30, 2013. 6:01 AM
woow a senior colleague made this for is final year project and it was cool he based his b own on phone charging through solar energy wireless
nerd7473 says: Feb 4, 2013. 12:59 PM
Cool I am a fan of tesla
Neolp says: Feb 4, 2013. 9:12 AM
It will be nice when the electric cars and or hybrids can just start self charging. Pull into your garage hotel parking space etc... and your car starts to utilized the wireless charger without any user interaction. A few years off true, but just like star trek items used, their ideas have created products some now consider to be neccessities in their daily lives.
sai.desai.956 says: Feb 1, 2013. 11:19 PM
hey admin i have buyed copper coil 22 gaug and i am trying to run a moter pls tell me do i really need to manke circut and use 2500UF capacitor just now i am oly using loop of coil
akshaya ladwa says: Jan 7, 2013. 6:20 AM
I HAVE AN IDEA HOW TO TRANSMIT ELECTRICITY BY THE METHOD OF MUTUAL INDUCTANCE I SEARCHED EVERYWHERE BUT DID NOT FIND HOW TO TRANSMIT ELECTRICITY USING DIFFERENT TYPE OF RADIATIONS
EXAMPLE:- WIFI RADIATIONS, RADIO WAVES......ETC

PLEASE UPLOAD SUCH PROJECT

THANK YOU
zabac70 says: Jun 17, 2012. 4:12 PM
Why don't you try to build a few more receiving coils with the same resonance and see what happens if you put them around transmitter coil, or in a row , one behind the other :)
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to zabac70Jun 17, 2012. 10:09 PM
Yeah that would actually help grasp the intersecting field lines theory. And those which weren't in the field lines would not light. :) Thank you for the idea.

Please Rate this article and follow me if you liked it. :)
Collin Amedee says: May 3, 2012. 10:16 AM
I don't know much about oscilloscopes but I am guessing that yours has a function generator built in and that is what is generating your 1.1Mhz, correct? Also are the waves being generated sine waves?
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to Collin AmedeeMay 4, 2012. 2:21 AM
Yes it is a function generator built in. And yes we used Sine Waves
kwazai says: Apr 26, 2012. 6:32 AM
What about 'bad AM jam'.
A crystal radio.... AM band white noise as a power source?
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to kwazaiApr 26, 2012. 7:26 AM
I don't understand your question. Could you please elaborate?
kwazai in reply to howtowithmanishApr 29, 2012. 4:14 AM
an AM band crystal radio dosn't use batteries. the source signal drives the earbud without one. I'd wonder if it could harness ' white noise' on the AM radio band as wireless electricity.
btadili says: Apr 22, 2012. 7:12 AM
nice work , so no cables anymore lol
can t wait see this working
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to btadiliApr 22, 2012. 8:01 AM
Thank You. :) If you liked this Instructable, please follow me. :)
astro boy says: Apr 1, 2012. 2:45 AM
now, what were to happen if there were multiple receivers? would the transmitter use more power? would less power be delivered to each receiver? could you even get 99% of the power back, possible chance you could have a perpetual energy machine, not likely, and i don't have the time to investigate.
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to astro boyApr 6, 2012. 10:12 AM
There will be no interference as each device would have its own unique frequency. I haven't really investigated that bit but I do guess that less power will be delivered to each receiver.
ardvark says: Mar 30, 2012. 12:17 PM
Safe ? when microwaves first came about for the common home electromagnetic hypersensitvity was a problem for a great many people and there was a large product recall on microwaveovens with inserfitiont sheilding I doubt the gold fish complained of burning tingaling sensations, dizzyness, or loss of attention or memory but would a scaled up version realy be safe?
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to ardvarkApr 6, 2012. 10:10 AM
When it first came, there were problems. Not everything is made perfect in the first try. After hard work experimenting etc, I am sure they came up with a safer version. And they most probably will do the same with Wi-tricity as well. :) Please Follow me if you liked this Instructable
Bravado says: Apr 5, 2012. 6:32 PM
Adding on to that question, is the insulator PVC or does it matter, and what gauge is the wire? (22?)
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to BravadoApr 6, 2012. 10:03 AM
Yes it is 22. And I don't think the insulator matters. PVC will work fine. If you liked this Instructable then please rate it and follow me. :)
Bravado says: Apr 5, 2012. 6:30 PM
What specifically are the "high efficiency coils," as there could be many different types of the wire and so on. What were the specifications of the wire you used?
mtnredhed says: Mar 18, 2012. 1:53 PM
Wow. You do know that all you've done is make sci fair examples of what every EE, RF engineer, and even ham radio operator work with daily? And before you start depending on ionospheric reflections and 20,000 ft towers, maybe you'd best school yourself on just how variable (hourly, daily, and every 11 years) that is. By WWII, Tesla was mad as a hatter (which may explain his Westinghouse deal). The Russians spent what was probably millions trying to make his energy beam weapon work and zip came of it. His bladeless tubine isn't useful for much more than a desk toy.
rfakhre in reply to mtnredhedMar 22, 2012. 11:00 AM
Tesla was a genius but not a capitalist, so many of his ideas and inventions that we use today are not fairly attributed to him. When he won the contract to power the world's fair, edison was jealous and out of spite wouldn't let him use any of the light-bulb design patents , Tesla re-engineered the entire light bulb without infringing on any of edison patents. and without AC power this conversation wouldn't exist.
mtnredhed in reply to rfakhreMar 22, 2012. 3:22 PM
It was Tesla AND Westinghouse who got AC being used over Edison's DC infrastructure. What I was calling into question was using high frequency mag fields to replace an extension cord. Just because you can do it doesn't make it a good idea.
gmh5760 in reply to mtnredhedMar 22, 2012. 8:25 PM
"Just because you can do it doesn't make it a good idea." Like some comments...
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to mtnredhedMar 19, 2012. 5:15 AM
Right, you may have your own opinions about Tesla, but the fact remains, he was instrumental to Edison, and his ideas were basic groundwork for radio transmission. This project is no doubt a varied LC circuit but it is one that is currently being researched in MIT, and drawing great enthusiasm. Nobody claimed the tech is perfect right now, It is a method that is experimental- I have reproduced it.

-Manish
danzo321 says: Mar 18, 2012. 10:16 AM
This project is about wireless transport of power, not producing power. A couple of inches is fairly insignificant compared with the real need to move power to isolated points far from settlements. Love to see Tesla's transmission project revived.
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to danzo321Mar 19, 2012. 5:16 AM
10 Inches may seem insignificant but it does have important implications for the future of the tech. Remember that Tesla's apparatus was not only ineffecient but unfeasible.

-Manish
rfakhre in reply to howtowithmanishMar 22, 2012. 10:50 AM
you forgot to say "follow me if you like this instructable" lol
so i did it for you. your welcome.
dortolam in reply to howtowithmanishMar 19, 2012. 5:30 PM
And, depending on the resources you use, you will reduce the use of copper, other metals and everything used to transport energy by wires, those resources would be used once, with periodic maintenance (<- is it right writen?), sure, but any economy of resources, in our case, ir relevant.
lloydrmc says: Mar 18, 2012. 12:32 PM
"We have, in fact, 163 billion barrels of recoverable oil-nearly six times higher than what President Obama and the Democrats like to claim. Let’s think about 163 billion barrels for a moment: that is enough to maintain our current levels of production and replace our imports from the Persian Gulf for more than 50 years.

"But oil resources offer only a glimpse of the full picture. As I noted earlier, CRS found that America’s combined recoverable natural gas, oil, and coal endowment is the largest on Earth. It’s far larger than that of Saudi Arabia, China, and Canada combined."
howtowithmanish (author) in reply to lloydrmcMar 19, 2012. 5:15 AM
While patriotism is great, nationalism which hinders science is not, it is an accepted fact that oil is running out and future generations will beat a loss unless a gradual shift to greener technology occurs, we can at a maximum stretch our current lifestyle to maybe 150-200 years with natural gas etc, but the resources are non renewable and may not be affordable for all, it is foolish to think otherwise. Please follow me if you liked this Instructable.

-Manish :)
DragonDon in reply to howtowithmanishMar 20, 2012. 4:14 AM
HI Manish,

I love how you are doing this type of research. I think there is some severe positive implications and results than can happen from it! Best of luck!

As for the claims, they are all baseless. In order to know the end of something, you have to know the total of it. That just isn't happening. Noone knows how much of any amount of minteral/substance there is in the whole world. Period. A ludicrous claim by people who want to promote an agenda.

That being said, I think Oil is a doomed tech simply because it is inefficient (I believe the number is something like 25% of actual usable power from internal combustion engines?).

People also either have forgotten, or simply not bothered to look but the first cars made were actually electric cars (re: The Electrobat).

As for ancient technology, peopel who say it never happened are the people I want to see proof they were actually there. It is a shame that people simply close their minds to possibilities. New ideas and proofs pop up all the time, disproving previously preconceived notions of 'what was'.

Manish, I look forward to seeing what else you come up with :)
rfakhre in reply to DragonDonMar 22, 2012. 10:42 AM
I'm pretty sure steam engines pre-date electric ones. Are you sure the first cars were electric and not steam? Electric came before internal combustion, but external combustion (steam) most likely was first.
static in reply to DragonDonMar 22, 2012. 1:35 AM
No one can't measure what they can't see or has a crystal ball that can predict future demand. However with those hindrances Hubert was able to use the data available to him to predict when peak oil would occur with US production. From here on out when peak oil will occur is going to be a moving target, and chances even those who are watching for it may not note it until we moved beyond it Actually the what is considered the first car used a carburetor, the Electrobat came along about 9 years later
DragonDon in reply to staticMar 22, 2012. 3:04 AM
'Moving target'? Is that the buzz-term people use when they want to hype up a date they can't possibly know? Wow. Delusion doesn't even begin to describe that.

Now if we're all gonna get picky, the car is attributed to being patented by Luigi De Cristoforis in 1876. The first GASOLINE Carb was done by Enrico Bernard I in 1882.

The first electric motor is attributed to Anyos Jedlik. The first electric vehicle (train) was created in 1842. The first electric two wheel cycle was displayed in 1867 World Exposition.

I am not concerned about commercial/retail. Electricity was in people's minds before gas. That is the point.
static in reply to DragonDonMar 31, 2012. 11:13 PM
I don't get it you used everything I admitted wiyh statements in association with my statement of "moving target, to attack "moving target". No hyping at all when it is a moving target because of so many factors that will effect the time when global peak oil does come about.  Demand is unpredictable. Production projections unreliable, fortunes where lost believing production projections where reliable. So much of those projections depends on an economy that allows the public to afford the higher costs of production. Much of the projected production depends on the public's willingness to waste much more precious resources like water.  Hydraulic fracturing while being use for years with problems seems to be problematic when used with discoveries in different formations. I know you are not concerned about  what was the first that lead us to the most widespread transportation method used today. I admit I misspoke when I said the first car used a carburetor. the fact of the matter remains the first car power plant used a fuel whose vapors mixed with air  how that was achieved has to irrelevant, carburetors took over the vaporization, and then fuel injection. Conceptually it would seem steam was on everyone's mind. Anyos Jedlik certainly made a contribution to our modern life but it wasn't the automobile.
lloydrmc in reply to staticMar 22, 2012. 2:47 AM
Can you explain to me what you mean by "peak oil". I have heard things about this, and I would honestly like more information about it, from your point of view. I promise that I am sincere in this.

It depends on what you mean by "car". I found this page, which I found informative: http://www.ausbcomp.com/~bbott/cars/carhist.htm

My understanding of the first Mercedes Benz (considered by some to be the first car) was that the fuel was vaporized in a externally heated tube. Thus, it didn't have anything resembling a carburetor. I admit that my recollection may be faulty.
lloydrmc in reply to DragonDonMar 21, 2012. 1:25 PM
I found a physics professor's web site that has a fabulous page about fuel efficiency, and how an ICE works: http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/pseudosc/200mpgcar.htm
lloydrmc in reply to DragonDonMar 21, 2012. 12:57 PM
Well, yes, in the early days of the "horseless carriage", all sorts of things were tried, including steam.

I believe that we ended up with the (mostly) gasoline-powered ICE simply because that is the best solution. While there is some disagreement on the exact number, a gallon of gasoline is the approximate energetic equivalent to 36,650 watt-hours. Even at the efficiency level you cite (and the attendant higher efficiency of electric motors), that is an advantage that is quite difficult to overcome.

At the present, state-of-the-art technology, it takes a $40,000 battery to take a car any appreciable distance, without being recharged in some fashion.

Yes, I know that Chevrolet Volts don't cost that much to the consumer (aside from the debate as to whether 40 miles is an "appreciable distance), one commentator added up all the upstream, government subsidies of the volt, and they amounted to $50,000 to $250,000 PER CAR, depending on production, which hasn't been much (the production line has been temporarily shut down due to lack of demand).
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