down and dirty screenprinting for under 10$

 by woodenshoespress
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As a seasoned printer, friends and acquaintances consistently ask me if i can print shirts, cards, etc. for them. Usually, however, they only need a few things printed at a time, and it doesn't really justify the time/cost of doing it the "right way."
I conceived this method of printing so it could be shared with anyone who wants to print short, inexpensive runs on any substrate, without having to deal with the space and economic constraints of setting up a whole studio.
Most of the supplies for this project would usually end up in a landfill, and can be found completely for free.
Usually one can get 20 or more successful prints with this method, which seems to be sufficient for most small projects.
 
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Step 1: Supplies

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For this project, we will need some tools and supplies that are easily available, and a few that might require the tiniest bit of searching....

Recycling is key here. Most of the supplies required can be found as trash, including the ink. What isn't direct waste can be recycled from thrift stores or garage sales.

Tools:
Staple Gun (almost any size will do)
X-acto Knife, or Utility knife (you could use a plain razor blade in a pinch)
Heat Gun or a Hair Dryer
Scissors
Plastic Putty Knife
Small Container for mixing

Materials:
'Spray Adhesive
Staples
Any old picture frame as long as it is bigger than your image. (ideally you can find this in the trash)
Water based paint or ink of any type (recycle! use old housepaint that would end up in the landfill/water table without you!
Some sort of ink retarder
-I used "Floetrol" which is sold in most hardware stores as a latex paint wetting agent. It is around 6$ for the bottle. You can also use straight glycerine, which is available at most drug stores for a dollar or two for a small bottle.
Adhesive Backed Sign Vinyl (any color)
-This is available from many arts and crafts stores, but sign shops generate so much scrap every day that if you ask them nicely, they will almost certainly just give you some. If you don't want to ask, check the dumpster, because thats where it will end up. This material is the garbage left behind by the modern printing industry. it is a shame that it doesn't get re-used more.
Screen Printing Fabric (a piece bigger than your old picture frame)
-This is available in various mesh counts from dickblick.com, again screenprinting shops can help you out if you ask nicely, and their dumpsters can be messy, but fruitful.
-If you are adventurous, you can experiment with different fabrics from the scrap bin at the fabric store and use that instead of genuine screen fabric.
Substrate (stuff to print on)
-Paper, Shirts, other textiles, bags, napkins, underpants, and just about anything else that is reasonably flat will work fine.

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razorwinged says: Dec 26, 2012. 2:17 PM
hi! i just wanted to let you know that because i like this instructable so much, i have added it to my silkscreen guide... http://www.instructables.com/id/silkscreen-printing-easy-and-cheap/

thanks for sharing your ideas!
Lark Writeress says: Feb 22, 2012. 5:58 PM
Wow-- really? Vinyl? That's all? No need for that expensive screen filler or whatever?! SO COOL, THANKS!!
LeechTaMere says: Jun 30, 2011. 3:25 AM
interesting method you developed her, yet I feel like it defies the very idea of screen-printing, where the screen allows you to have a stencil with shapes not attached to anything around. Like with a hole cut-out all around. See what I mean? The problem would be the way you transfer the vinyl to the screen. I can't seem to see anyway to get it transfered with shapes completely cut around, without the good ol' "right way".
Arano in reply to LeechTaMereJan 6, 2012. 11:32 AM
after cutting, put masking tape on the vinyl before you transfer it...
LeechTaMere in reply to AranoJan 8, 2012. 2:01 PM
Yeah, I should have thought of this. I made a vinyl stencil with text for my bike frame once. What was I thinking ?
XP1 says: Jan 7, 2012. 11:26 AM
This is a fantatsic Instructable. Out of curiosity, would housepaint crack, or how long would the life of a shirt be if I used a water based house paint?
GASSYPOOTS says: Jan 6, 2012. 7:23 PM
lol he be eetinz dat chickn
and i lold at teh site LOL
nutsandbolts_64 says: Jan 6, 2012. 2:53 AM
A good way to not get you all confused with the image takes but a few image editing steps. Basically, you set the contrast to 100% in a grayscale image. You might as well print it out in 'Draft' or whatever in order to save ink, though.
Dimitrios says: Mar 9, 2010. 1:54 PM
Great instructable, luckily I have access to a vinyl cutter. But, not to the ink, I can only get paint from hardware store. What paint could work for printing t shirts? I need to print white on black tshirts. Any suggestions?
sebgonz in reply to DimitriosOct 16, 2011. 3:30 PM
I sometimes use speedball fabric paint to print white on black. I made some Harry Potter shirts for the 7th movie and they turned out great. I DID make two passes on the shirts though, to make sure the color was bright enough.
Gods_Texan says: Oct 13, 2011. 2:52 PM
Would it work to use an Embroidery Frame for this, especially if you are only going to do a few?
Jakeinator777 says: Aug 26, 2011. 3:02 PM
could contact paper work instead of vinyl? good tutorial though
jpolicky says: May 6, 2011. 12:34 AM
Very excellent, I have long wondered about the mysteries of screen printing, and you may have just saved me an entire semester learning it. I in no way want to be a professional screen printer, but i've often wanted to make my own t-shirts and junk, and with this i now can...thanks!
buckten says: Jan 19, 2011. 8:52 PM
i know these materials and process is mainly for clothing. but would drawing paper or even canvas work for designs using these materials? please respond thanks :)
CrystalDyes says: Dec 26, 2010. 11:43 AM
One of the best fabrics to use for screen printing is sheer drapery panels that are 100% polyester. I took a class with Kerr Grabowski who has several DVDs out on screenprinting for art quilts. She makes all her own screens with either 2x2 lumber or old canvas stretcher bars glued together, that is polyurethaned first and then she uses the drapery fabric over it. Very cheap since you can find lots of them at thrift stores. Color of fabric doesn't matter. If it tears or is otherwise destroyed, it can be quickly replaced at no more expense. Some of her screens are the size of a real screen door! Some have a total screen size of 6 square inches. Her work is wonderful. See also screen ides by Jane Dunnewold, Claire Benn and Leslie Morgan.
sneakyparasol says: Oct 23, 2010. 7:57 PM
really good clear instructable with lots of helpful photos. nice job! thanks heaps.
sneakyparasol says: Oct 23, 2010. 7:46 PM
what sort of fabric is screen printing fabric?
acksheep13 says: May 25, 2009. 2:08 PM
If put on napkins would it be dangerous?
sneakyparasol in reply to acksheep13Oct 23, 2010. 7:45 PM
probably less dangerous than some lipsticks etc.
Barrettkg in reply to acksheep13May 2, 2010. 1:57 PM

Assuming you mean cloth napkins,
There should be no problem since as previously stated, water based paints are not harmful and will break up even if injested. However, just to make sure, after you finish your prints and dry them, give the napkins a quick wash.
Smart way to look at this great instructable by the way

Galonii in reply to BarrettkgNov 11, 2010. 4:25 PM
why not use some fabric paint. you can buy it in tubs of about 1oz for around $1 at walmart or craft stores like joanns
Jyssa in reply to acksheep13Mar 7, 2010. 11:43 AM
for Napkins, I'd suggest experimenting with vegetable inks/dyes - or maybe even food colouring, though I don't vouch for it's colourfastness...
woodenshoespress (author) in reply to acksheep13Aug 6, 2009. 8:31 PM
maybe...i would be hesitant to use house paint on napkins for my mouth or hands or whatever, but it probably isn't tooooo bad?
mangomerle in reply to woodenshoespressAug 19, 2010. 5:37 PM
I think most house paints are water-based acrylic and that's pretty much exactly what textile inks and a lot of screen printing inks are.
mmmhobnobs says: Mar 12, 2009. 5:09 AM
um, would water based paint mean it isn't permanent or?
phase90 in reply to mmmhobnobsMar 12, 2009. 8:34 AM
About as permanent as the paint on your house. :-) Water based for easy cleanup, but once it dries it is permanent.
mmmhobnobs in reply to phase90Mar 12, 2009. 1:49 PM
ah thanks for clearing that up:)
JoelDude in reply to mmmhobnobsMar 7, 2010. 5:32 PM
the difference is that water based paint dissolves into other things, breaks down with time and is not as strong. This is why its used for indoors, it also has no volatile compounds or cancer giving fumes. Oil and petroleum- synthetic paints are used outside the house or in other applications.

Because the clothes will wear with time, so will the paint so its no prob. and whatever breaks down will dissolve in the detergent as you wash them.
Dranwolf in reply to JoelDudeJul 26, 2010. 5:37 PM
so you cant wash the shirt or printed clothing or the thing will deteriorate? or does it last a few washes?
JoelDude in reply to DranwolfAug 21, 2010. 1:34 PM
yes you can wash water based paints once they dry, they just kinda wear out a bit quicker than oil paint.
mangomerle in reply to DranwolfAug 19, 2010. 5:33 PM
No more so than any of your other clothes. All clothing deteriorates some when it is washed; especially if you machine dry instead of line dry.
Lark Writeress in reply to mangomerleFeb 22, 2012. 6:10 PM
What about tie-dye dye?
beanco says: Aug 12, 2010. 6:57 AM
nice one there! I will see if I can find any vinyl here in Hungary. I have been teaching silk screen printing to Jr High kids for a couple of years. Get free screen fabric from a local print shop, they give me their left overs... had to buy pain, but I now have a bucket of house paint left over from repainting the house, think I will bring it to the school. We used glue, plain old wood glue for the maskign out part. The kids have a hard time doing anything with detail using the glue... so this vinyl could be the solution... thanks rob
Sasha0908 says: Jul 3, 2010. 10:32 AM
this is cool.
Buy U A Bev says: Apr 28, 2010. 7:40 PM
can you use the same stencil (like by washing the screen and not peeling off the vinyl) im making shirts for my band if you kinda need a feel for whats happening
teamcoltra says: Mar 19, 2010. 1:58 PM
 I saw a lady at Jo-Ann's fabrics and she mentioned this instructable, which is funny because I love this instructable too! 

Possibly she will read this?!
Businessbear says: Mar 17, 2010. 12:12 PM
What is "Screen Fabric"?
Broom says: Mar 15, 2010. 10:22 PM
Seems to me you could paint the frame and borders/margins with paint, and let it dry, to seal the screen against leakage.

Any reason this wouldn't work?

In fact, you could paint the "negative" of your print, instead of using vinyl cutouts.
Carly_Meik says: Mar 14, 2010. 3:00 PM
 This looks great thanks for know how . I love printing but just learning all the how too's thanks must have been a lot of work to photograph !
User1 says: Mar 7, 2010. 9:50 AM
Fan freakin tastic!  Nice job on putting your tutorial together too. 

I'm wondering how durable is the ink going to be?  How many washing you think your example will take?  I'm assuming washing in cold water and crappy detergent.  Any tips on durability?

Thanks!


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