Introduction: Arduino Tutorial 7: Super Mario Bros Theme With Buzzer
Il buzzer è un dispositivo che emette semitoni con una qualità grezza, sotto forma di onda quadra,è impiegato tutt'ora nei pc per indicare gli errori del sistema o del bootloader.
The buzzer is a semitone device with crude quality,in the form of square wave, it is still used on PCs to indicate system or bootloader errors.
Step 1: Progettazione / Design
Il collegamento del buzzer ad Arduino è molto semplice:
Un terminale (quello nero) va a GND, mentre l'altro (quello rosso) va ad un pin di Arduino a scelta (nel mio caso è il 10) .
Materiale Occorrente:
- Buzzer.
The connection of the buzzer to Arduino is very simple:
A terminal (the black one) goes to GND, while the other (the red one) goes to an Arduino pin of choice (in my case it's 10).
Material Required:
- Buzzer.
Step 2: Programmazione/Programming
In questo programma vengono usate solo due funzioni specifiche:
- "tone(nomebuzzer,freq);" dopo aver inserito il nume del pin del buzzer, definiamo la frequenza del suono emesso;
- "notone(nomebuzzer);" viene fermata la generazione di frequenze sonore, non viene più emesso alcun suono.
Il programma quindi genererà una frequenza sonora di 1000Hz per 1 secondo, ci sarà un'altro secondo di latenza senza alcun suono e poi si ripeterà questo ciclo.
Only two specific functions are used in this program:
- "tone (namebuzzer, freq);" after inserting the pin number of the buzzer, we define the frequency of the sound emitted;
- "notone (namebuzzer);" the generation of sound frequencies is stopped, no sound is output anymore.
The program then generates a 1000Hz sound frequency for 1 second, there will be another second of latency without any sound and then repeat this cycle.
#define buzzer 10 //Il buzzer è connesso al pin 10
void setup() { pinMode(buzzer,OUTPUT); }
void loop() { tone(buzzer,1000); //Si sente un tono sul pin 10 con una frequenza di 1000Hz delay(1000); //aspetta 1 secondo noTone(buzzer); //non suona delay(1000); //aspetta 1 secondo }
Step 3: Super Mario Bros Theme
Attraverso una forma più sofisticata di programma, andremo a generare la sigla di Super Mario Bros, assegnando ad ogni Nota una frequenza diversa.
Il pin di Arduino per il buzzer è il 10.
ATTENZIONE: Questo non è un programma scritto da me, bensì da un'altro utente.
Through a more sophisticated form of program, we will create the Super Mario Bros Theme, assigning each note a different frequency.
The Arduino's pin of buzzer is 10.
ATTENTION: This is not a program written by me, but by another user.
#define NOTE_B0 31 #define NOTE_C1 33 #define NOTE_CS1 35 #define NOTE_D1 37 #define NOTE_DS1 39 #define NOTE_E1 41 #define NOTE_F1 44 #define NOTE_FS1 46 #define NOTE_G1 49 #define NOTE_GS1 52 #define NOTE_A1 55 #define NOTE_AS1 58 #define NOTE_B1 62 #define NOTE_C2 65 #define NOTE_CS2 69 #define NOTE_D2 73 #define NOTE_DS2 78 #define NOTE_E2 82 #define NOTE_F2 87 #define NOTE_FS2 93 #define NOTE_G2 98 #define NOTE_GS2 104 #define NOTE_A2 110 #define NOTE_AS2 117 #define NOTE_B2 123 #define NOTE_C3 131 #define NOTE_CS3 139 #define NOTE_D3 147 #define NOTE_DS3 156 #define NOTE_E3 165 #define NOTE_F3 175 #define NOTE_FS3 185 #define NOTE_G3 196 #define NOTE_GS3 208 #define NOTE_A3 220 #define NOTE_AS3 233 #define NOTE_B3 247 #define NOTE_C4 262 #define NOTE_CS4 277 #define NOTE_D4 294 #define NOTE_DS4 311 #define NOTE_E4 330 #define NOTE_F4 349 #define NOTE_FS4 370 #define NOTE_G4 392 #define NOTE_GS4 415 #define NOTE_A4 440 #define NOTE_AS4 466 #define NOTE_B4 494 #define NOTE_C5 523 #define NOTE_CS5 554 #define NOTE_D5 587 #define NOTE_DS5 622 #define NOTE_E5 659 #define NOTE_F5 698 #define NOTE_FS5 740 #define NOTE_G5 784 #define NOTE_GS5 831 #define NOTE_A5 880 #define NOTE_AS5 932 #define NOTE_B5 988 #define NOTE_C6 1047 #define NOTE_CS6 1109 #define NOTE_D6 1175 #define NOTE_DS6 1245 #define NOTE_E6 1319 #define NOTE_F6 1397 #define NOTE_FS6 1480 #define NOTE_G6 1568 #define NOTE_GS6 1661 #define NOTE_A6 1760 #define NOTE_AS6 1865 #define NOTE_B6 1976 #define NOTE_C7 2093 #define NOTE_CS7 2217 #define NOTE_D7 2349 #define NOTE_DS7 2489 #define NOTE_E7 2637 #define NOTE_F7 2794 #define NOTE_FS7 2960 #define NOTE_G7 3136 #define NOTE_GS7 3322 #define NOTE_A7 3520 #define NOTE_AS7 3729 #define NOTE_B7 3951 #define NOTE_C8 4186 #define NOTE_CS8 4435 #define NOTE_D8 4699 #define NOTE_DS8 4978 #define melodyPin 10 //Mario main theme melody int melodia[] = { NOTE_E7, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_G7, 0, 0, 0, NOTE_G6, 0, 0, 0, NOTE_C7, 0, 0, NOTE_G6, 0, 0, NOTE_E6, 0, 0, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_B6, 0, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_G6, NOTE_E7, NOTE_G7, NOTE_A7, 0, NOTE_F7, NOTE_G7, 0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7, NOTE_D7, NOTE_B6, 0, 0, NOTE_C7, 0, 0, NOTE_G6, 0, 0, NOTE_E6, 0, 0, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_B6, 0, NOTE_AS6, NOTE_A6, 0, NOTE_G6, NOTE_E7, NOTE_G7, NOTE_A7, 0, NOTE_F7, NOTE_G7, 0, NOTE_E7, 0, NOTE_C7, NOTE_D7, NOTE_B6, 0, 0 }; //Mario main them tempo int tempo[] = { 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 9, 9, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 9, 9, 9, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, }; //Underworld melody int underworld_melody[] = { NOTE_C4, NOTE_C5, NOTE_A3, NOTE_A4, NOTE_AS3, NOTE_AS4, 0, 0, NOTE_C4, NOTE_C5, NOTE_A3, NOTE_A4, NOTE_AS3, NOTE_AS4, 0, 0, NOTE_F3, NOTE_F4, NOTE_D3, NOTE_D4, NOTE_DS3, NOTE_DS4, 0, 0, NOTE_F3, NOTE_F4, NOTE_D3, NOTE_D4, NOTE_DS3, NOTE_DS4, 0, 0, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_D4, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_GS3, NOTE_G3, NOTE_CS4, NOTE_C4, NOTE_FS4, NOTE_F4, NOTE_E3, NOTE_AS4, NOTE_A4, NOTE_GS4, NOTE_DS4, NOTE_B3, NOTE_AS3, NOTE_A3, NOTE_GS3, 0, 0, 0 }; //Underwolrd tempo int underworld_tempo[] = { 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, 3, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, 3, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, 3, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 6, 6, 18, 18, 18, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 3, 3, 3 }; void setup(void) { pinMode(3, OUTPUT); pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { //sing the tunes sing(1); sing(1); sing(2); } int song = 0; void sing(int s) { song = s; if (song == 2) { Serial.println(" 'Underworld Theme'"); int size = sizeof(underworld_melody) / sizeof(int); for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < size; thisNote++) { int duratanota = 1000 / underworld_tempo[thisNote]; buzz(melodyPin, underworld_melody[thisNote], duratanota); int pauseBetweenNotes = duratanota * 1.30; delay(pauseBetweenNotes); buzz(melodyPin, 0, duratanota); } } else { Serial.println(" 'Mario Theme'"); int size = sizeof(melodia) / sizeof(int); for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < size; thisNote++) { int duratanota = 1000 / tempo[thisNote]; buzz(melodyPin, melodia[thisNote], duratanota); int pauseBetweenNotes = duratanota * 1.30; delay(pauseBetweenNotes); buzz(melodyPin, 0, duratanota); } } } void buzz(int targetPin, long frequency, long length) { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); long delayValue = 1000000 / frequency / 2; <br> <p>long numCycles = frequency * length / 1000;</p><p>for (long i = 0; i < numCycles; i++) { <br> digitalWrite(targetPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(delayValue); digitalWrite(targetPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(delayValue); } digitalWrite(13, LOW); }</p>