How to Make Short Circuit Protection Circuit

Intro: How to Make Short Circuit Protection Circuit

Hii friend,

Today I am going to make a circuit for Short Circuit protection.This circuit we will make using 12V Relay.

How this circuit will Work - when short circuit will occur on the load side then the circuit will be automatically cut off.

Let's get started,

STEP 1: Take All Components As Shown Below

Components required -

(1.) Relay - 12V x1

(2.) Push button switch x1

(3.) Battery - 9V x1

(4.) Battery clipper x1

(5.) Connecting wires

(6.) LED - 9V (My LED is of 4V but to make 9V LED I connected 220 ohm resistor to +ve leg of the LED)

(7.) Resistor - 330 ohm x1

(8.) LED 5mm - 3V x2 (Red & Green)

STEP 2: Connect Button Switch to Relay

Firstly we have to solder Push button to the common pin and coil-1 pin of the Relay as solder in the picture.

STEP 3: Connect Green LED

Next solder -ve leg of green LED to coil-1 pin and Normally Open (NO) pin of the Relay as you can see in the picture.

STEP 4: Connect Red LED to Relay

Next connect -ve pin of Red LED to Normally close (NC) pin of the Relay and

Solder +ve leg of Red LED to +ve leg of green LED as solder in the picture.

STEP 5: Connect 330 Ohm Resistor

Next we have to solder 330 ohm resistor between +ve legs of LEDs and coil-2 pin of the Relay as you can see in the picture.

STEP 6: Connect Battery Clipper Wire to the Circuit

Solder +ve wire of battery clipper to coil-2 pin of Relay and

-ve wire of of battery clipper to common pin of the relay as solder in the picture.

STEP 7: Connect Output Wire to the Circuit

Next connect +ve output wire to +ve of battery clipper/coil-2 of relay and

Solder -ve output wire to coil-1 pin of the Relay as picture.

STEP 8: Connect Battery to Battery Clipper

Now our circuit is ready so connect battery to battery clipper.

How it's working - When we will connect battery then Red LED will glow. Now we have to press push button then Green LED will glow.

STEP 9: Now Connect Load

Now we have to connect 9V LED as load to the output wires.As you can see in the picture 9V LED is glowing.

STEP 10: When Short Circuit Occur

Unfortunately short circuit occur on the output wires then circuit will be automatically cut-off.

For again using this circuit press button switch then again 9V LED will glow.

Red LED - shows short circuit occur.

Green LED - Short circuit is not occur.

This type we can make short circuit protection circuit.

Thank you

Comments

[raphan]

Your posts are usually interesting but you never give details on how they work. Here, for instance, the relay cuts the output but still consumes current for its own maintain (0.64W / 12V) plus the Led. Last, the relay can switch even if there's no short circuit, a certain current is needed but what is its value ? I can't find it on the doc.

[drrrr]

Depends on the power source.

[raphan]

Depends on the relay !

[drrrr]

So basically if you connect a load that draws so much that the reminder is not enough to sustain the relay coil, it disconnects the load. Alternatively if the battery got low, I think it would also disconnect itself as well before it ran out completely.

The current that will cause it to switch off depends on the amperage the power source can provide. With a big enough power source this will never trigger until the wires melt.

[georgechikopa5]

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