Plastic Bumper Repair

Intro: Plastic Bumper Repair

For the original story, go to PopularMechanics.com

We've all been there --hastily putting the car in reverse, failing to check the blind spot, and cringing at the crunch of bumper meeting barricade. The resulting dents used to mean a quick trip to the auto parts store for some cheap body filler and a can of spray paint, but plastic bumper parts require an entirely different arsenal of products. Instead of the old sheetmetal bumper exteriors, modern cars hide the metal bumper under a plastic fascia in hopes that minor abrasions might pop out more easily. But if your car meets the sharp edge of a 2-foot parking barrier, the semi-flexible plastic can easily rip, bend, or break.

Fortunately for your bruised bumper, plastic repair and refinishing materials are widely available and reasonably simple to use. Fixing damaged plastic bumpers involves grinding, sanding, sculpting, and painting, but it's worth the effort for repairs that would cost less than your deductible.

STEP 1: Choose an Adhesive and Prep the Fascia

After you remove the plastic piece from your bumper (the screws connecting the plastic covering can be tricky to locate: try under the tail lights, behind the wheel wells, and below the trunk latch where we found our Honda Civic's), you'll need a warm, dry place to work in so that the repair adhesives can cure properly. But which adhesives you need will depend on the type of plastic in your bumper. Thus, the first step is to find a stamp on the inside of your bumper labeling it as PP, PPO, TPE, PUR, or TPUR. When you purchase your repair products, be sure to consult with the counterman at the auto parts store to determine which recipe is right for your bumper's plastic. Be sure to stick to the same brand for all of your products to ensure compatibility.

To prep, begin by slightly scuffing the damaged area and cleaning it with plastic surface cleaner. If the bumper is cut or torn through completely, make sure to scrub the inner and outer surfaces. After rinsing and letting the surface dry, wipe the area with prep solvent, moving in only one direction.

STEP 2: Grind a "V"

After the solvent has dried, sand the area by hand with 80-grit paper. Next, you'll need to form a "V" groove in the damaged area on the front and back sides of the fascia. The grooves allow you to align the two edges more easily. They also provide more surface area for the repair material to adhere to. For plastic types that powder when sanded (PUR, TPUR), cut the grooves with a 24-grit disc on a sander. For plastics that smear when sanded (PP, PPO, TPE), make the grooves using a cordless drill and a rotary file.

STEP 3: Mix the Adhesive and Repair Tears

Repair tears and cuts from the back side of the fascia. If the cut or tear is large, you might have to align and then hold the edges of the repair with masking tape on the front of the fascia. Use self-stick fiberglass-repair tape to add structure to the cut or tear.

Next, throroughly mix equal amounts of hardener and repair adhesive on a piece of cardboard or paper and apply it over the tape with a body-filler squeegee. When the first layer of tape is in place, apply a second layer so the threads run at a 90-degree angle to the first layer.

STEP 4: Spread the Plastic Filler

Once the material has hardened (in about 20 minutes), move to the front of the fascia and remove any tape (if applied). Next, using 80-grit sandpaper, remove any materi-al that has squeezed through, and sand any spots that are above the finished level of the fascia. Fill the cut or tear and any low spots in the front of the fascia with the appropriate repair material, and squeegee it level.

STEP 5: Sand and Contour

After it has hardened, sand everything level, first with 80-grit, then 120-grit, and then apply a light skim coat of repair material to fill pits and surface imperfections, and to restore the original contour. Then finish sand with wet 400-grit paper.

STEP 6: Paint

When the repair is completed, apply two wet coats of flexible part sealer. After drying for 30 minutes, the fascia is ready for priming and painting. Prime the fender with two coats of any two-part primer-surfacer, making sure to let the primer dry between coats. Once the primer has hardened, dry sand the repaired areas with 400-grit paper to level it and remove any imperfections. Before spraying the bumper with basecoat, wetsand it and gently wipe the area with a tack rag to remove dust, then spray according to the manufacturer's instructions. You may need to repeat this process two or three times to cover completely. Once the base coat is dry (usually about 30 minutes), mix the clearcoat with hardener. Apply two medium clearcoats, allowing each to dry in between. After drying overnight, the fascia is ready to be reinstalled.

Comments

[jakikay1956]

will a bumper cover place over a damaged bumper?my bumper is badly damaged and very expensive to replace.

[Mexicoman]

Excellent article! As a semi-retired technical and 'how-to' writer I grind my teeth over the all-too-common confusing articles that get posted all over the Internet. The missed steps and poorly thought out or just lazy writing does little to follow a logical process. It can be a real a noggin scratcher and the meaning of some articles never can come through. Some...? perhaps most. Granted, clear writing takes practice, but it's more a product of examination than education. With so many articles and web sites written so disjointed it's a wonder we can learn/find anything of value from the Internet. Finally, someone who carefully examined his written process and insured the wording actually matched the steps regardless of who read it. Good Job! Quite refreshing. I'll fix my bumper now. Muchas Gracias !

[DanDaDad]

My neighbor fixes and even has built custom spoilers just with pieces from broken bumpers and a soldering iron. And they turn out fantastic and durable. He's probably made over 20 in the last couple years, and they are all still intact.

[pilaofhawaii]

I am INTRIGUED! Are you saying that flexible bumper repair is a matter of heating the substance and melting it together! Revolutionary, if so. Sure would like to talk with your neighbor. I want to experiment with customizing my Vette bumpers (retirement boredom!~)

[gomibakou]

Nowadays the majority of plastic bumpers are thermo-plastic or ... well i don't remember the name, but they only can be effectively soldered with heat or ultrasonic procesures. Don't try adhesives, i can promise they don't work and don't last longer.

Welcome to future world... expensive and hard to repair, use and diposable world...

[ndjalva]

@gomibakou
time to retrain, you are several years behind the current mfg processes

[hoobatech]

you are correct, take a 40watt soldering iron and have at it, I've fixed many a broken bumper this way, its just plastic welding, first melt the cracked area together with a fine tip, making sure you get good penetration so the material on either side bonds together, then either shave some material from the bottom or somewhere inconspicuous and use them as a filler rod. harbor freight also sells filler rod and a plastic welder, though i have heard mixed results about it

[mwfaniej]

It works well with soldering iron--- i've tried it --- nice work

[killerjackalope]

Hmm I may have a nice concept for you for a spoiler, based on the bumper in photoshop, what year's your 'vette

[billdan]

I would like to see an instructable on his method..

[ndjalva]

A very fine job! I'm headed down to my favorite crash and dent parking lot and try the techniques mentioned. Thanks to the author for this one.!

[Kryptonite]

The images here are incredible, were these professionally done for Popular Mechanics?

[picbuck]

Good Instructable, but I'd like to correct a wrong idea. "...We've all been there --hastily putting the car in reverse, failing to check the blind spot, and cringing at the crunch of bumper meeting barricade..." Nooo, we haven't all been there. This is not a case of the odds catching up with you. Odds only apply when there's luck involved. Truck drivers are taught from day 1 to know--that's know--that nothing is behind you, or you don't back up. Done dealie. Watching where you're going, whether forward or backward, removes the luck factor and the situation is under control.