Arduino Based RADAR System With TARGET Acknowledgement

RADAR is an object detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. Radar systems come in a variety of sizes and have different performance specifications. Some radar systems are used for air-traffic control at airports and others are used for long range surveillance and early-warning systems. A radar system is the heart of a missile guidance system. Small portable radar systems that can be maintained and operated by one person are available as well as systems that occupy several large rooms.

Arduino is a single-board microcontroller to make using electronics in multidisciplinary projects more accessible. The hardware consists of an open-source hardware board designed around an 8-bit Atmel AVR microcontroller, or a 32-bit Atmel ARM. The software consists of a standard programming language compiler and a boot loader that executes on the microcontroller.This project aims on the use of Ultrasonic Sensor connected to the Arduino UNO R3 (I made one myself. You can buy one or make one) board and the signal from the sensor further provided to the screen formed on the laptop to measure the presence of any obstacle in front of the sensor as well as determine the range and angle at which the obstacle is detected by the sensor. For this screen, we use Processing 2 software by Ben Fry and Casey Rease, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge.Also, in addition to it, a set of LED's connected through the shift register and a buzzer also tells about the range of the obstacle. According to the range of the object, the green, yellow and red LED's glow up with variations in the buzzer output.

Step 1: Buy or Make Your Own Arduino (Uno/Due)

Arduino is a family of single-board microcontrollers, intended to make it easier to build interactive objects or environments. The hardware consists of an open-source hardware board designed around an 8-bit Atmel AVRmicrocontroller or a 32-bit Atmel ARM. Current models feature a USB interface together with six analog input pins and 14 digital I/O pins that can accommodate various extension boards.

Since, Arduino is an open source. Hence, you can make your own board easily or can buy one at http://www.arduino.cc/ .

For making your own Arduino board, refer to: https://www.academia.edu/5342277/Arduino_based_Ult...

Check the functionality of the Arduino board before going on with the project as it is one of the most important parts of the project. You can check it by uploading a sample code of light blink or any other code of your choice and check for proper functionality.

For "LED Blink" tutorial, you can refer to: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLHBPwmpkzPS...

Once you are done checking your Arduino board for functionality, check the Ultrasonic sensor for proper functionality by uploading a sample code of range finding using arduino and ultrasonic sensor. Take the output values on the Arduino IDE.

Move on to the next step once you are satisfied with both the parts working.

Step 2: Prepare and Connect All Parts Together

Now once we are satisfied with the working of both Arduino and the Ultrasonic sensor, move on to make the suitable hardware.

By Hardware, we mean to assemble all the parts like ultrasonic sensor with the servo motor, check the functionality of motor with the Arduino board. Mount the ultrasonic sensor on the motor and make connections with Arduino board.

For detailed information, refer to: https://www.academia.edu/5342277/Arduino_based_Ult...

Once we are done with the hardware, upload the code.

You can find the code for Arduino at: https://www.academia.edu/7191534/ARDUINO_CODE

With this we are done with the Hardware part.

Next, we move on to make the RADAR scope screen.

Step 3: Programming for the RADAR Scope

Now once we are done with the hardware, we want to see the output as a RADAR. For this we use Processing 2.0, an open source software by MIT.

For RADAR Screen code using Processing 2.0, refer to: https://www.academia.edu/7191513/RADAR_SCREEN_CODE

Now, once we are done with this, we power up our RADAR and the Processing software and see the RADAR scope as in image. The red dots denote the presence of a TARGET and screen displays the angle of elevation and distance of TARGET in real time.

I have also added an LCD to display the distance and angle of elevation. In addition I also added the LED's which glow up in a defined manner according to the RANGE of the TARGET with RED as the Danger and with changing sound magnitude of the siren denoting Danger.

Full Project Report, Arduino and RADAR Screen Code at :

https://independent.academia.edu/AnujDutt

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