Introduction: Automated Garbage Collector

By www.technomentis.com
About: Technomentis is a venture to foster innovation and hands on learning for youngsters at formative ages. We explore, create, design, tinker and innovate at Explorato - our makers space.

The idea of garbage collection in a gated colony has immensely aided in keeping the environment clean. The garbage gets collected from the resident's home at a specific time every day. This gives rise to a new set of problems. When the garbage collector comes, residents may not have enough garbage to be disposed or they may not be present in their home. Automated Garbage Collector (AGC) is a driverless autonomous vehicle specifically designed to solve this issue. The residents will be able to place requests online, so that the AGC reaches the specific homes to collect garbage. The AGC is also equipped with a bin to collect the trash. Once the trash is collected, it would go back to its base position autonomously. The bin status is also displayed on its web server. This would enable the municipality to empty the bin if it is full.

Thus, to make this system smart, we have made a Smart Garbage Collector which is equipped with IoT i.e. it is connected to internet and you can call the garbage collector vehicle at you home just by one click on the internet. As soon as someone clicks on the button, the collector gets the command to automatically reach the house slot by following the black line which is available on the road using multiple IR Sensors. There is one Bin attached to the Driving Base which will have one servo Motor so that it can automatically open when it reaches the slot and close it after taking the garbage. There is one more IR Sensor placed on the Bin so that it can detect whether the Bin can take in more Garbage or not. The status of Garbage will also be displayed on the webpage so that the municipal people can come and empty the Bin.

Step 1: Components Required

  1. Intel Galileo Gen1 Board x 1
  2. Power Cord x 1
  3. USB cable x 1
  4. Small Servo Motor 180 degrees x 1
  5. Infrared Sensor x 3
  6. 3V DC BO Motor x 2
  7. Motor Driver Board (L293D IC Based) x 1
  8. 9V Battery Pack (6 AA Cells) x 1
  9. 470Ω Resistor x 3
  10. Breadboard x 1
  11. Connecting Wires (Male to Female) x 25
  12. Connecting Wires (Male to Male) x 25

Note: Mi-Bot kit can be purchased from ebay:

http://www.ebay.in/itm/MiBOT-Arduino-Robotic-Kit-...

Step 2: Construction of Mi-Bot

A detailed instructable on the construction of Mi-Bot is available on:

https://www.instructables.com/id/Construction-Manu...

Step 3: Circuit Connections of Mi-Bot

Motor Driver:

A motor driver is a module that helps in the operation of certain motors at variable speeds by providing a separate power source other than that from the microcontroller. This protects the microcontroller/ microprocessor from the current surges initiated by the motor. This module consists of a common 3 Male headers which corresponds to +9V/+12V, GND and +5V. The +9V or +12V supply is used to power the motor. +5V is used to operate the L293D IC. This motor driver module can handle a maximum of 2 motors. For each motor, 2 pins are used to receive signals from the microcontroller/microprocessor and 2 pins are used to connect the DC motor.

The connections must be as shown in circuit below. Few precautions:

  • Always ensure and re-check the wiring (against circuit design), before powering up the board.

Circuit Connections:

  1. Connect the two terminals of the left Motor to the Left Screw Header pins of the Motor Driver Board.
  2. Repeat the same for the Right Motor also.
  3. Connect M1.A to Digital Pin 3 using Male to Female Connecting Wire.
  4. Connect M1.B to Digital Pin 5 using Male to Female Connecting Wire.
  5. Connect M2.A to Digital Pin 6 using Male to Female Connecting Wire.
  6. Connect M2.B to Digital Pin 9 using Male to Female Connecting Wire.
  7. Take one Male to Female connecting wire and connect the Female side of the wire to +5V terminal of the Motor Driver Board.
  8. Connect the other terminal to the breadboard as shown in the circuit.
  9. Take one Male to Male connecting wire and connect one end to 5V Pin on the Intel Galileo and the other terminal on the breadboard where the wire was connected in the last step.
  10. Take one Male to Female connecting wire and connect the Female side of the wire to GND terminal of the Motor Driver Board.
  11. Connect the other terminal to the breadboard as shown in the circuit.
  12. Take one Male to Male connecting wire and connect one end to GND Pin on the Intel Galileo and the other terminal on the breadboard where the wire was connected in the last step.
  13. Now take the 9V (6AA Cells) Battery pack and connect its Positive terminal to the +12V terminal of the motor Driver.
  14. Connect the negative terminal of the 9V battery to the breadboard where GND is connected.

Step 4: Interfacing Infrared Sensor for Line Follower

Infrared Sensor:

An infrared Sensor has two IR LED’s. One is IR Transmitter and the other one is IR Receiver. IR Transmitter transmits the IR rays. If there is some object in front of it, then the IR Rays are reflected from the object and is received by the IR Receiver. If there is black object or no object in front of it, then no rays will be reflected. As black colour absorbs light, the IR Rays are absorbed by the Black colour.

Line Follower Infrared Sensors Connections:

The IR Sensor can be directly connected to the Galileo Board using Male to Female Connecting wire. There are 3 pins in an IR Sensor.

  1. VCC – It is connected to the 5V Pin of the Arduino
  2. GND – It is connected to the GND Pin of the Arduino
  3. OUT – It is connected to any digital Pin. The input will be taken using this Pin.

Note: We will be using Multiple IR Sensors in our Project. That is why we are connecting the GND And VCC Pins of the IR Sensor via Breadboard.

Circuit Connections:

  1. Take one Male to Female connecting wire and connect the Female Header of the wire to the male VCC Pin of the Left IR Sensor.
  2. Take one Male to Female Connecting wire and connect the Female Header of the wire to the male VCC Pin of the Right IR Sensor.
  3. Connect the male end of both the connecting wires on the Breadboard.
  4. Take one Male to Male wire and connect one male end of the wire on the breadboard where the VCC is connected and other terminal to the 5V pin of the Intel Galileo Board.
  5. Take another Male to Female Connecting wire and connect the Female Header of the wire to the GND Pin of the Left IR Sensor.
  6. Take another Male to Female Connecting wire and connect the Female Header of the wire to the GND Pin of the Right IR Sensor.
  7. Connect the male end of both the Connecting wires on the Breadboard.

  8. Take one Male to Male wire and connect one male end of the wire on the breadboard where the GND is connected and other terminal to the GND pin of the Intel Galileo Board.

  9. Now take another Female to Male wire and connect the OUT Pin of the Left IR Sensor to Digital Pin 7 of the Intel Galileo Board.

  10. Now take another Female to Male wire and connect the OUT Pin of the Right IR Sensor to Digital Pin 8 of the Intel Galileo Board.

Step 5: Interface One More IR Sensor for Checking Bin Status

Circuit Connections:

  1. Take one Male to Female connecting wire and connect the Female Header of the wire to the male VCC Pin of the IR Sensor.
  2. Connect the male end of the connecting wire on the common VCC column of the Breadboard.
  3. Take one Male to Female connecting wire and connect the Female Header of the wire to the male VCC Pin of the IR Sensor.
  4. Connect the male end of the connecting wire to the common GND on the Breadboard.
  5. Now take another Female to Male wire and connect the OUT Pin of the IR Sensor to Digital Pin 11 of the Intel Galileo Board.

Step 6: Interfacing Servo Motor With Intel Galileo

Servo Motor:

A servo motor is a rotary actuator that allows for precise control of angular position.

It consists of a motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. By varying the pulse width of the output voltage to a servo, you can move a servo to a specific position.

Circuit Connections:

Servo motor has three Terminals

  1. Connect the signal wire (orange) of the Servo Motor to Digital PWM Pin 10 on the Intel Galileo.
  2. Connect the GND wire (brown ) of the Servo Motor to GND pin of the Intel Galileo.
  3. Connect the VCC wire (red ) of the Servo Motor to the 5V pin of the Intel Galileo.
  4. The connections of the Servo Motor will be done using Male to Male connecting wire.

Step 7: Upload the Arduino Sketch

Attachments

Step 8: Reference Images for Construction