Hello Friends,

My school holidays are going on and in this remaining time I am going to create a instructable on batteries.So,batteries are one of the basic things that are used by us everyday .Batteries are everywhere from Clocks to satellites and space shuttle.

So, In this Instructable I will show you how to power up things by using batteries.But remember we are not going to do any thing that will harm Environment.First we will know something about History and Future of batteries.So,I hope you will like my instructable and Thank you for Reading It.So let us "do it together".

Warning : Please do not throw batteries in fire they may explode or harm you. Please dispose off batteries properly and be environment friendly.

You can buy all electronic items from Your local Departmental store or from radioshack. Radioshack is best website for buying electronic items on the web.

If you don't want to read about batteries you can go to step 3 but remember by doing this you are going to miss some interesting facts.

Step 1: Batteries and Their History

What are batteries how they work :-

You can think battery as a Power plant which converts chemical energy to electrical energy.But they still have some parts.

Parts of a battery :-

1.Container

2.Cathode

3.Separator

4.Anode

5.Electrode

6.Electrolyte

7.Collector

When we complete the circuit,a chain of chemical reactions takes place and generates electric current.

The "battery" was first invented by Alessandro Volta in 1800 which came to be known as "voltaic pile".

Zinc-carbon cell was first dry battery. NiCd was first alkaline battery,it uses nickel and cadmium as electrodes

Step 2: Batteries and Facts About Them

How to Take care of Your batteries:-

1.Clean battery contact surface regularly in one or two months.

2.DO immediately remove exhausted batteries from your device and dispose of properly.

3.DON’T recharge a battery unless it is specifically marked "rechargeable." Attempting to recharge a non-rechargeable (primary) battery could result in leakage or rupture. Don't use rechargeable alkaline batteries in nickel metal hydride battery chargers.

4.DO preserve battery life by switching off a device and removing the batteries when it is not being used, and is not expected to be used for extended periods of time.

Facts about batteries:-

1.The energy used to manufacture rechargeable and single-use batteries is 50 times greater than the electrical energy they produce when been discharged.

2.The single largest source of mercury metal is found in household batteries, particularly in alkaline and button cells.

Legislation from the EU Parliament, namely WEEE Directive 2003, states that manufacturers of alkaline batteries have made a commitment to remove all mercury from batteries. However, mercury is an integral part of button batteries and cannot be eliminated completely.

3.Rechargeable batteries will lose a percentage of their charge each day when left off the charger. Therefore try and charge rechargeable batteries hours before you intend to use them.

4.The Memory Effect

This is an effect that nickel-cadmium (NiCad) rechargeable batteries suffer from. If a NiCad battery is recharged before being discharged fully, it ‘forgets’ that it is able to discharge any more energy.

For example, pretend a battery is capable of storing 100 units of energy. You use 40 units, then charge the battery up again to 100 units. In your mind, the battery contains 100 units again, but the memory effect means the battery essentially can only release up to 40 units of energy.

Step 3: Lets Make : Solar Powered Battery Charger

Hello friends in this step we are going to make solar powered battery charger.That will help you to charge your Rechargeable batteries when there are no power source near you and you need to charge your batteries urgently.You can also use this solar powered battery charger if you are environment friendly.

Parts you will need :-

1.Solar panel - Can be bought from Radioshack.

2.Blocking diode (1N4001 micro 1A diode)- Can be bought from digikey.

3. Rechargeable battery holder - Can be bought from Radioshack.

Tools you need :-

1.Soldering iron

2.Solder Wire

Steps:-

1.Connect Positive and Negative terminals of Solar Panel and battery holder.

2.Now solder Blocking diode in between positive terminal of battery holder and solar panel.

3.Now fit the solar panel and battery holder inside a takeout container.

That's all your battery charger powered by green source of energy is ready to use.

Now, My in my next step we will make another battery powered stuff.

Step 4: Making Mini Portable Guitar Amplifier Powered by 9 Volts Battery

Materials Needed :-

1. TDA7052 audio power amplifier.

2. 22K 1/4W Resistor.- R1

3. 10µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor. -C1

4.100nF 63V Polyester or Ceramic Capacitor. - C2

5.220µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor. -C3

6.TDA7052 Audio power amplifier IC. - IC1

7.6.3mm Stereo Jack sockets (switched). J1,J2

8.8 Ohm Loudspeaker. -SPKR

9.9V PP3 Battery. -B1

10.Pref. Board

11.Plastic Box

12.A fan grill from an old PC

Tools Needed :-

1.Soldering iron.

2.Cutting kit.

Step 5: Making the Case for Amplifier

Steps for making the box perfect for our amplifier :-

1.We will have to cut a hole for speaker.First decide where to make hole in the lid of plastic box. Mark the position of the hole according to size of your speaker.

2.Now with a help of drill make a hole in the center of the circle to cut.

3.Using your cutting tool cut out the circle for speaker.

4.After cutting hole for speaker, make four extra hole for Nut and Bolts.

5.Make three extra 11mm holes in the side of plastic box for jack sockets.

6.Fit all the components in there places.

Step 6: Adding and Cutting Circuit Board in the Box

1. I cut a section out from my circuit board so that it doesn't bang up against speaker when the box is closed.

2.You can use any equipment for cutting your circuit board.

3.Try to fit the circuit board in the box for testing.

4.If it is okay you can make some arrangement to fit the circuit board to the box.You can use Rivets or Screw.

5.Now your circuit board is ready for soldering and making whole circuit.

Step 7: Making Circuit Board and Assembling the Amplifier

1.Now solder all electric parts according to the given circuit diagram.

2.After soldering all parts you can fit the circuit board in the box.

3.Close the lid of the plastic box and your portable battery powered amplifier is ready.

4.Now put a 9 volt battery for powering the amplifier and you are ready for rock on.

Warning:- This amplifier circuit has no switch, For turning it on just put wires in the jack.Do not forget to remove wire from jack after using the amplifier.

I will be adding one more diy battery powered stuff soon.Thank you for reading this instructable. Please do comment about for any suggestions.If you Liked my instructable please vote for it.