Introduction: How to Download and Set Up the Android Software Development Kit

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Requirements
Windows XP, Vista, or 7 (32-bit or 64-bit)
Mac OSX 10.5.8 or later (x86 only)
Linux (Ubuntu and Lucid Lynx)
Must have the Eclipse IDE already installed (3.6.2 or later)

This installation requires downloading several files.  As such, your internet connection will influence the total time of the installation process.  The process will typically take 15-30 minutes with a good internet connection.

Step 1: Step One

In your browser, navigate to the following link: http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html.

Click on the "Download the SDK for [Your Operating System]".

If the operating system displayed by the button does not match your operating system, click the "Other Platforms" link directly below the button, and select the correct operating system.

Step 2: Step Two

After the download completes, click to open the file and follow the steps provided by the installer.

Step 3: Step Three

The installer will first specify if you have the Java SE Development Kit installed.  

After that, you will need to specify which users to install the Android SDK for, and then select the install directory.

Step 4: Step Four

In the last step of the installation process, make sure that you select "Start SDK Manager."

Step 5: Step Five

A new window should appear titled "Android SDK Manager."

Choose the packages which you would like to install.  

The following packages are required:
     SDK Tools
     SDK Platform-tools
     SDK Platform

Other recommended packages include:
     System Image
     Android Support
     SDK Samples

After selecting the packages you want to install click "Install [x] packages..."

Step 6: Step Six

You will then be directed to a new window to confirm which packages you would like to install.  
If everything appears correctly, click "Install."

Step 7: Step Seven

After installing the Android the desired packages, you are finished with the Android SDK Manager.

You now need to open Eclipse, then select "Help" >> "Install New Software."


Step 8: Step Eight

In the Install window click "Add", in the top-right corner.

In the Add Repository window that appears, type "ADT Plugin" for the Name and
"https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/" for the Location.

Click OK.

(Note: If you are unable to download the plug-in, try changing "https" to "http.")

Step 9: Step Nine

Now you will be given a list of tools to be downloaded.  Select "Android Development Tools" and click "Next."

You will then need to agree to all of the license agreements and click "Finish."

After the installation finishes, you will need to restart Eclipse.

(Note:  If you are attempting to install this in Windows, you may need to run Eclipse in Administrator Mode.)

Step 10: Step Ten

After restarting Eclipse, a "Welcome to Android Development" window will appear.

Select "Use Existing SDKs" and then choose the Android SDK that you previously downloaded.

After you click next, if there are no errors, you are finished installing the Android Development Tools for Eclipse.

You will also notice some new buttons in your Eclipse toolbar.  These buttons are regarding the creation, testing and management of your new Android projects.