How To Build A Solar Panel

How To Build A Solar Panel
Currently I'm a college student studying computer engineering, and this summer while I was on break I decided I wanted to learn more about solar energy and how to build a solar panel from scratch. My main reason for looking to build it myself was to learn how it all worked, and the next reason was due to the price of a commercially built solar panel.

So to get started, I searched around and found a few videos here and there, and a few articles on how to go about building a solar panel, but it was hard for me to find a full free video or article that showed you the full process to making a solar panel from scratch. I ended up having to watch about 4 different videos, and then having to sign up for a forum to ask other questions I had in order to get a basic idea of how to go about building my own solar panel.

It was basically an adventure for me, and mid-way into the project, I decided that while I'm learning about how to build a solar panel, and putting it together, why not create a free video to help others that want to learn about solar energy and how to build a solar panel. Of course it takes time to edit the video, and time to create a website, but I see it as a small great way of giving back.

So, you'll learn how to build a 63 watt solar system in this instructable with free videos to help you get started. I know I'm a visual learner, so hopefully most find this very helpful.

For the full video series, simple visit my website at: http://www.solartechtown.com


 
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Step 1Creating A Template & Putting Frame Together

Creating A Template & Putting Frame Together
First, I want to make a template for my solar cells. What I used was a spare piece of regular plywood, a piece of regular cardboard the size of a solar cell, some tile spacers, and a staple gun to create my template. I wanted to use the tile spacers to help keep my solar cells even as seen in Part 1 of the video.



Using a ruler helped to keep everything aligned, and it's easier to cut the plywood using a jigsaw, but a regular hand saw will do fine as well.

Next, once I finished my template, I started to put the frame together. What I used was a 1x2x8 piece of plywood, and cut that to fit my outer frame of the plywood. I wanted to make sure the outer frame was not too high to prevent from loosing any sunlight I could be using. So I then placed the pieces of plywood on top of the 2x4 pressure treated plywood, and screwed those down and sanded the entire frame afterward as seen in Part 2 of the video. After sanding and cleaning up any extra dust left over, I applied the Deck and Siding paint onto the frame. I wanted to give it 2 coats for a nice seal from UV rays, and making it water resistant. I also needed to place 2 coats of the Deck and Stain paint on the 2x4 piece of pegboard.
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92 comments
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Jan 26, 2012. 6:35 PMGnomesmusher says:
Hi Robert. I just wanted to thank you for making this instructable, it's really appreciated. Your videos are really easy to follow and interesting. I've been doing research trying to learn how to make my own panels and found a few tutorials but yours is the best one I've found. I've also subscribed to your YT channel as well. So thanks again for this instructable. I'm making a few for my future home where there's no utilities and you're making it possible for me without spending tons of money.
Aug 23, 2011. 9:01 AMdasgemuse says:
you deserve some sort of instructables award for this. outstanding work. i too have been in you exact predicament. this information is HARD to come by. thank you so very much
Aug 9, 2011. 5:23 AMasargent2 says:
how many of these would i need to run a computer all day, computer is AC 220v battery
Jul 12, 2011. 12:33 PMpensativo says:
Thank you very much for posting this, it answered a lot of my questions. :)
Jul 9, 2011. 7:17 PMkschmitz2 says:
What kinda of output is this generating? are you using it to power anything? Great Post.
May 8, 2011. 3:58 AMRonnieloo says:
I live in a single wide aging 1971 flat roof mobile home. My roof is shot. I was thinking of making a peaked roof of solar panels. Anyone have suggestions for me? Thanks much!
Apr 18, 2011. 3:19 PMrogermac says:
Hi. Those are really great panels you built there, however do you recommend we build them with painted plywood?
Maybe using ABS Sheet or something that doesn't get wet nor melt may be better, but you should know better. Another thing I also wanted to ask you sir, is if you recommend those diy guides like the one in this Earth4Energy Review, because they seem pretty cool and easy to follow.

Thanks and keep up the good work.
Mar 29, 2011. 12:21 PMjcksparr0w says:
FINNALY!!! someone with solar panel nohow AND brains!
Mar 13, 2011. 1:34 AMrohitbhl says:
CAN U PLZ LET ME KNOW THE APPROXIMATE COST to made it at home....
plz let me know on my email id :
rohitbhl@yahoo.com
Jan 30, 2011. 6:58 AMKaya Tetsu says:
Just started watching this. Couldn't help to notice that you painted it white. Would you not want to paint it black or a dark color? Would that help at all? Or is there a reason that you shouldn't that I just don't know about?
Mar 5, 2011. 9:38 PMairsofter1 says:
Painting it black would increase the heat inside the panel and solar cells are less efficient at higher temperatures
Jan 20, 2011. 5:57 PMchardog1971 says:
do you think this type of tech would work on the pop top of m van?I hate running out of battery when on long term camp trips.seems that you could put it directly on the surface to reduce any wind drag
Jan 25, 2011. 12:42 PMreedz says:
If you bevel the edges of the frame, at least on the front side, the wind drag would be negligible.

If you are camping, you should make the panel attached to the roof but still removable. That way, if you would rather camp in the shade, you could set the panel up in the sun with a cord running back to the van.

It sounds like a really fun project.
Jan 24, 2011. 7:54 PMairsofter1 says:
It would work quite nicely.
Jan 2, 2011. 9:35 AMmr_man says:
Here is a similar guide, in case anyone's interested.
http://sunelec.com/Solar_Array_guide.pdf

Dec 11, 2010. 11:14 PMDucky001 says:
What the..... You build all that by your self!!! Nice job!! Was it hard? I'm going to study computer engineer too. Have fun building other kind of things! :)
Dec 9, 2010. 4:18 AMzulfattah says:
I got mine from Ebay germany..cheaper than when directly order from producer..cost me EUR170 for 100 pieces 156mmx156mm mono or poly with 3.8 W to 4.1W power rating.
Nov 29, 2009. 12:07 PMdjcssp says:
Hello Robert,
I looked at your website and you posted a spreadsheet on the cost of producing the panel. Your list of materials includes the tools. What is the approximate cost if I already have all the tools?

Dec 6, 2010. 3:46 PMJordanLTR says:
The approximate cost if you have the tools is the approxmite cost listed on the spread sheet minus and cost of any tools you already have.
Dec 3, 2009. 4:35 AMswimmerpaul says:
I AM TRYING TO WORK UP THE NERVE TO ATTEMPTA DIY SOLAR PANEL INSTALLATION YOUR PROJECT IS EXELLANT.

PAUL COX
POOLE, SOUTH COAST ENGLAND.
Dec 5, 2010. 7:50 AMsugarain says:
am from Ghana, and i really interested in soler energy, thank you for all your tutorials, i think getting the materials is my problem, especially the soler cells, making it here i can but the coper sheet am not sure we have some around, how can i get some cells u used
Aug 2, 2010. 8:39 PMgreenygraffitti says:
OK...can i make an improvised solar cell??
Oct 3, 2010. 4:08 PMairsofter1 says:
Yes, but it would be so ineficient that you would need about 10 square meters of it to come anywhere close to this panels ouput.
Apr 10, 2010. 9:07 AMkktwags says:
I made 4 60 watt solar panels , they work great for the most part , we installed them on our awning with 2x4's unerneath for air to get through however we are having major moisture issues.  when we built the first two we thought it was because we used to much silicone and didn't seal up the sides good enough but we just built two more with alot less silicone and we sealed the sides with aluminum tape however there is still alot of moisture in the panels.  It always starts with a fog and then turns into alot of water droplets.   Do you or anyonelse have any suggestions on how to fix this or why this is happening. We can't haven't been able to come up with any other reason.
Sep 2, 2010. 12:29 PMedraq58 says:
I had same problem as yours. What I did was drilled 3 holes each side ( total of 12 holes ) around inside close to the frames. Before that I vacuumed the moisture first. Since then there is no more moisture problem.
Oct 3, 2010. 4:06 PMairsofter1 says:
That's exactly how you do it.
May 20, 2010. 6:49 PMsamanella says:
You're awesome! I'm going to make one this summer! Thanks a lot :)
Sep 5, 2010. 9:48 PMparas2329 says:
hi, m krishna, how to make rc kits. plz help me.
Sep 3, 2010. 9:11 PMT8tersalid says:
Do you have an estimate of how much this would cost in all?
Jul 16, 2010. 4:05 AMjhunmar100 says:
where can i get solar cells ????? pls reply i need the answer please:(
Jul 20, 2010. 2:02 PMairsofter1 says:
You can get them from ebay. Just type in solar cells and you will be on your way.
Aug 26, 2010. 6:38 PMjhunmar100 says:
thanx a lot dude...:)
Jul 16, 2010. 1:42 PMhow to make a solar panel says:
They are easy to find and buy, I have had great success building my own solar panels for my house, there is so much great info on this site for you to apply.
Jun 1, 2010. 6:43 AMmanicmonday says:
What are the white spots on the back made of? Do you need to solder wire to all the white spots?

Since the whole back side is conductive, can you solder anywhere on the back?

Thanks
Robert
Jul 11, 2010. 12:40 PMairsofter1 says:
The back spots are made of 1/1000 inch thick silver.
Jul 10, 2010. 12:49 PMGhost Wolf says:
You use a mac and you used Garage Band for the music. 5 stars BTW
Jun 24, 2010. 7:44 AMcdubnbird says:
this is one of the most thorough, well made instructables i have ever seen.
Jun 23, 2010. 3:04 PMSinAmos says:
Great work. It was really helpful. Thank you.
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Author:hastyhost(Robert Smith)
Robert Smith discovered the wonders of online content at an early age. He started out while in middle school using free web services to create an online forum that served as a central location for all...
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