How To Make Limoncello

How To Make Limoncello
Limoncello is a sweet, lemon-flavored Italian liqueur. Unlike many liqueurs, it's very easy to make at home, requiring only the most basic of ingredients and tools. Doing so is easy but rewarding--from a scientific perspective for the chemistry involved in the process, and from a culinary perspective for the simple joy of drinking something you made from scratch.

One of the interesting things about limoncello is that it isn't sour at all (if it's made properly). This is because there's no lemon juice in it. The lemon flavor comes from lemon zest--the very outside of the lemon peel, where the essential oils are most concentrated.

In its native Italy, limoncello is most frequently taken cold, as a digestif (an after-dinner drink). I find it especially refreshing early in the evening on a hot day, but it's enjoyable any time you like.
 
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Step 1Overview

Overview
So, how do you make this wonderful stuff? The ingredients are as follows:

1 750 mL bottle of grain alcohol ( Everclear or similar, also known as rectified spirit--as long as it's potable, strong, and unflavored you'll be fine)
Zest of 8 lemons
Sugar
Water

Simple, yes? Oh, you'll also need a glass jar in which to keep the stuff. Be sure you have lots of spare room, as you'll add more liquid later. Mine is two liters, and works great.

You want to get the strongest alcohol you can get your hands on. Vodka, even the 100 proof stuff, isn't sufficient. In some states, such as Nevada, you can get 190-proof Everclear, which is 95% ethyl alcohol. Alas, California isn't one of them, so I'll make do with 151 proof (75.5% alcohol, which is still pretty stiff). You can as well, but go with the high-test if you get it. You'll dilute it down to something drinkable later; right now we need a strong but potable nonpolar solvent, and high-proof alcohol fits the bill. I understand an old catalog came with a disclaimer that Everclear was to be used "for the production of homemade cordials," or some such, which is exactly what you're doing here.
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Jan 22, 2012. 10:47 AMdalejand says:
My first batch following your recipe turned out delicious! It turned out not as yellow because I used organic unbleached cane sugar - the sugar granules were brownish - turning my limoncello.... well, brownish. Tastes great, but now I feel weird giving it away. Oh well, my closest friends won't mind and there's more for me now. Just wish I hadn't made a double batch. It's a learning lesson for next time. I thought I'd post so others can learn from my mistakes.
Jan 21, 2012. 1:43 PMdalejand says:
I'm about 3.5 weeks into my zest soak. I used the micro-grater side of my cheese grater to zest the lemons, though, and my zest is much smaller than yours in the pic. I'm not sure if I should soak the zest for a shorter time since there is technically more surface area making contact with the evercleer. It's now a rich yellow color. Any advice is appreciated!
Apr 23, 2009. 10:08 AMImmanis says:
I've tried this recipe 3 times now (it makes great Christmas gifts), and every time I do it, I have to make more and more. This time, I diversified into Lemoncello, Orangecello, Limecello, and Grapefruitcello - my favorite!
2009.04.19 030.JPG
Nov 13, 2011. 11:15 PMrhfromvenice says:
IMMANIS: Your variety of "cellos" sounds great. Will you share recipes? Thanks a lot!
Sep 5, 2010. 3:47 AMjamiec53 says:
Try meloncello!
Sep 17, 2009. 6:59 PMlouisimo says:
Thanks ! I have had some batches end up with a golden color rather than the usual creamy yellow color. They taste similar, the creamy yellow being sweeter. Do you know why it would be a different color ? I'm making gallons for a wedding and the only thing I can think to do is mix them for a consistent color.
Sep 19, 2009. 2:54 PMImmanis says:
Not sure why it would end up a different color after you make it. I noticed that it changed from that gold to the creamy yellow after I added the hot sugar + water mixture. I was a little worried that the boiling water would cause some of the alcohol to boil off when you mixed it, but I might try letting some if it cool down before I mixed next time.
Jun 20, 2009. 11:01 AMofedaisy says:
Impressive! Looks like you are having fun. My first (small) batch is 2/3 lime 1/3 lemon. I only let it sit w/ the zest 6 days but it had a cool green color. I let it sit in the noon sun for 1 hour to extract a bit more zest before straining it. Poured in the sugar today for a party a week from now. Can't wait for the finished product! Should be a hit. I'll be proud either way, since it tastes good now!
Oct 15, 2008. 10:25 AMLimoncelloquest says:
I strongly recommend organic lemons. I've tested it both ways and organic is better. You can see the results at LimoncelloQuest
Feb 25, 2011. 7:56 AMScurvymcdiggle says:
spammer.
Oct 15, 2008. 9:04 PMn0ukf says:
Don't you like synthetic lemons? I guess they're too waxy or plastic tasting (or whatever they're made of). ;)
Oct 16, 2008. 7:43 AMLimoncelloquest says:
The wax is my biggest complaint actually! Non-organic lemons are waxed and it makes filtering the limoncello much more difficult.
Feb 25, 2011. 7:57 AMScurvymcdiggle says:
wash them
Feb 17, 2009. 6:37 AMgulcin says:
why did you add the sugar syrup at the last step i am asking this because almost all liqueur recipes I've looked they put the sugar, fruit and alcohol together then wait. is there any difference ? thanks a lot
Mar 29, 2009. 6:47 PMStoutJacob says:
You would add sugar at the beginning if you were trying to ferment your fruit to produce alchohol. Little micro-organisms use the sugar in fruits to fuel their reactions, and alcohol is one of the byproducts. If we were fermenting lemons, we'd use the fruit, not the peel, because of the fruit's high sugar content. Adding sugar would boost the reaction, to a point. But in this case, all of the fermentation and fortification has been done for us. The result: Everclear. Also, adding sugar in the beginning of this recipe would be kinda pointless, because sugar is water soluble, not alcohol soluble. Since Everclear is almost pure alcohol, very little of the sugar would dissolve into the solution. The rest would just sit at the bottom of your container, doing nothing. Sugar is only added to this recipe because is makes the drink sweet. Therefore, it can wait till the end, just like adding sugar to your coffee or tea.
Feb 25, 2011. 7:55 AMScurvymcdiggle says:
that is not what they are talking about.
gulcin was asking if it mattered that a lot of recipes for LIQUEUR have you adding sugar directly to the jar in the begining. so the tutorial on fermentation was not needed.
i have done it both ways. and adding the sugar in the begining just gives the sugar time to disolve(which it will) it just takes a lot longer. but because it is added in the begining, time is not an issue. in short it is just two seperate ways to add sugar to the liquid.

also everyone...you can use vodka...it works just fine. people say this all the time but they are wrong. i cant buy everclear in my state and i make things like this all the time with vodka. it works great.
Oct 4, 2008. 7:53 PMnattles says:
After using a microplane, you'll never go back. It's the best zester on the market. I'm a baker and I use one everyday. Microplane makes a utilitarian version (no fancy ergonomic handle) for just $6.95. They are also great for grating nutmeg or hard cheese over pasta. thanks for posting this instructable! i've always wanted to make limoncello and now that citrus season is coming up......
Oct 6, 2008. 12:31 AMnattles says:
I just googled microplane and cutlery and more popped up. look for the "stainless steel zester". http://www.cutleryandmore.com/microplane.htm
it's identical to the one I use at work, which leads me to believe that a good restaurant supply store should have it. I like Economy Restaurant Supply on 7th street in soma. As annoying as it is, sometimes yelp can be helpful (like for addresses), see here:
http://www.yelp.com/biz/economy-restaurant-fixtures-san-francisco
but be careful, this store is addictive. happy hunting!
Dec 7, 2008. 10:17 PMThe DNR says:
Microplanes are the best! If you' don't zest much (or practically ever), but want to experience some Microplane goodness they sell an even cheaper zester, the "Try Me" Zester (Item no. 40002) for only $1.99 as part of their classic series (linklink)

I just started a batch of Limoncello using 21 Meyer lemons, and used the lemon juice to make lemon bars, lemonade, and lemon juice + simple syrup concentrate for mixing with drinks while I wait for the Limoncello.

What other uses are there for the left over lemons?

Any thoughts?
Jan 16, 2011. 5:34 AMlisascout says:
I would squeeze the remaining lemons, put the juice in ice cube trays, and pop them out and keep them in plastic bags in the freezer until you run into recipes that call for fresh lemon juice. I would put the measure of one ice cube (maybe 1T?) on the outside of the bag so I know what my volumes are. But then, I love to label things :-).
Apr 26, 2010. 6:08 AMstabarinde says:
You don't seem to have used the full 750mls of Everclear here, am I wrong? How much Limoncello did you come out with in the end?
Nov 13, 2008. 8:59 PMcree888 says:
ATTENTION DIABETICS:
It matters little if you use Splenda or Stevia or any other sweeter. I still would not have more than 1 oz. at a time and very rarely. For diabetics alcohol is like mainlining sugar directly into your veins. Check with your doctor first to be safe. I live with a diabetic who drinks maybe 3 times a year and he will have only one beer. The alcohol totally whacks out his blood sugar levels and he can be sick for 1-2 days. So, it better be an occasion like Christmas or vacation when he has time off work to get over the high, dangerous blood sugar level. Please see your doctor and tell him you would like to try making Limoncello and let him know it is made with Everclear. Please follow your doctor's advice and no one else.
Jan 13, 2010. 3:59 PMXial says:
Hi.

As a type 2 diabetic, I found that alcohol causes my blood sugar to drop (between 40-80 mg/dL) -- the polar opposite of what you describe.
My grandmother had the same issue.

I asked my doctor about alcohol once I learned how to control my blood sugar. He suggested that if I drink, have carbs on standby and have some before AND with that drink. It helps negate the pitting effect that I go through.

My friends and roomie have all been coached on what to look for in me and drinking, and how to help me if I start to act like I need a hand (Glucose Tabs. Left pocket if I'm out and about or on the fridge at home).

While I agree with your suggestion of talking to one's doctor before they have this (or any other alcohol, really), I respectfully disagree with some of your information, and supply my own. :)
Apr 13, 2010. 12:05 AMGhostc4 says:
 The reason YOUR blood sugar drops is because of the metformin and the way the alcohol reacts to the medication. With a type one it will cause the blood glucose levels to rise. Learn WHY your sugars rise before you supply information that may lead someone to have a bad reaction. 
Apr 24, 2010. 5:50 PMdamagedwings says:
Type 1 here. Alcohol, which I consume in moderation, does NOT raise my blood glucose. Everyone reacts differently to things.
Apr 13, 2010. 5:57 AMXial says:
Hi.

You might note the hint of narcissism in my previous response, referring to myself a whole lot. You may also note that I still agree with the OP in talking to one's doctor before drinking.

Maybe I shouldn't share that I didn't have the same reaction as the OP, though.
Mar 30, 2010. 8:57 PMsillyzombie666 says:
cant i just use vodka? im just saying since i have a bottle or so on hand
Feb 26, 2009. 11:11 AMdoctorstitchs says:
How many mil liters are ther in a quart.
Oct 24, 2009. 3:45 PMadmiral001 says:
http://lmgtfy.com/?q=How+many+milliters+are+there+in+a+quart%3F
Jun 29, 2009. 10:56 AMflataffect says:
Look it up. You're online.
Aug 22, 2010. 8:53 PMgrraorwwl says:
No Joke.
Aug 13, 2009. 6:34 AMbeersport says:
I've made 4 batches of limoncello & here's what I found: peel the lemons w/a veggie peeler, don't zest. Why? Because it's easier to do & far easier to strain. I have found no noticable difference between batches w/peels & batches w/zesting. Probably because the peels sit so long in the Everclear, the difference in the surface area is mitigated. And as I mentioned, it is far, far easier to strain.
Jun 20, 2009. 9:30 AMofedaisy says:
How or why does it improve after adding the sugar and letting it sit longer?
Dec 10, 2008. 6:14 AMDerin says:
My dad made some.It was very nice.It did not beat the limoncello we bought at Italy though. Note:I did not drink it,as that would be underage drinking.
Nov 25, 2008. 6:57 AMArisenProdigy says:
I've heard that letting things steep in alcohol tends to create methanol. I have no idea if this is true or not but it would be amazing if someone could clarify that for me. This looks awesome though, and I'm sure if your eyes haven't catalyzed yet it is probably a safe go. I'll be going to pick up some lemons tonight!
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