How to Make an Atari Game

How to Make an Atari Game
It's the console that stood the test of time longer than any other... the Atari 2600 VCS! From Warlords, Pole Position, Donkey Kong, Space Invaders, and even the infamous Pac-Man, the classics from the 70's, 80's, and on into the 90's are still as playable today as when they were released. The characters created still permeate pop-culture and are among the most unique of all video games.

Now, several decades later, the resources are available for the common person to create their own game. Modern video games require teams of programmers who remain virtually nameless, yet the people who choose to program for these early retro systems (Coleco, Atari, NES) can control ALL aspects of their game including plot, characters, graphics and all of the other things that go into a game. You can create an entire game by yourself. This instructable won't show you everything you need to know, but rather give you a set of resources you can use to make your own game.

A word of warning: I spent two years of my life trying to teach myself to program well enough in Assembly to make this work. Yes, the majority of games are programmed in Assembly, however there is the possibility of also programming in Basic (if you are interested, google search for batariBasic). I had no real programming experience, and while I could hack code and pretty well understand other people's code, I never was able to write my own code from scratch. You need to evaluate whether you're serious enough to see this through before you begin.

 
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Step 1Really, Really Assess if you are Capable of Pulling This Off

Really, Really Assess if you are Capable of Pulling This Off
So, I know I warned you in the introduction, but it needs to be said again. If you don't have any programming knowledge, Assembly is not the language to start with. If you have programming experience, Assembly is not an easy program to work in. If you learn Assembly, the Atari is particularly difficult to program for.

The most common mistake for newbie Atari programmers is announcing exactly what their game will be, when it will be released, and then not understanding why the retro-gaming community mocks them. It's really a miscommunication on both ends. The community has heard it before, they've seen games announced, some even have demos, and yet they never see the light of day and the author disappears. They've become a little jaded to new game announcements from new programmers, and rightly so. Most new programmers are ignorant of this and are so excited and motivated by their new-found hobby that they become a little over-zealous in their announcements. They are then frustrated and annoyed by the response they get.

I'm not trying to scare you off. I just feel it's important that you understand what you're up against before you begin. If you think you're up to the task (or just interested in the process) then please read on. I ran across this page, which does an excellent job of breaking down the tasks you face: http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2001/9/15/211737/858
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153 comments
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May 25, 2010. 5:01 PMparski says:
 This Instructable has inspired me to program an Atari 2600 game as my third year project wich is a huge part of my grade. Lovely guide!
Nov 30, 2010. 3:27 AMparski says:
Absolutely! I'm working on a Snake clone at the moment because I don't think I could handle anything more complex right now. I have not been updating my journal ofter at all, but today is my last school day which means the project period at my school has startet, so updates will come often. You can find the journal here:

http://programmingatari.wordpress.com/

Remember that it's for school, so I write perhaps a bit more than necessary since my project mentor isn't very tech savvy at all.
Mar 28, 2010. 10:15 AMFFVIIBOY says:
Dude i wish i could do that but i dont have an atari 2600 i would make FFVII for this, is there any way to do this on a Atari Flashback 2?
Feb 10, 2011. 1:01 PMscottinnh says:
Don't let not having a 2600 stop you... the software emulators for the 2600 are very accurate, and can be used to develop and test games.
Oct 26, 2010. 5:06 PMtoogers says:
is it possible to write NES games onto atari carts? i can't find my dad's old NES, only the atari.
Oct 28, 2010. 4:38 PMtoogers says:
let me rephrase; i want to play NES games on an Atari system. not Atari games on a NES system.
Feb 10, 2011. 1:00 PMscottinnh says:
Several things make what you ask impossible. A NES supports far more memory and processing power than the older Atari, but even if you have a very "simple" NES game it still could never work due to incompatabilities.

In general an easier answer is that no 2 gaming consoles are compatible (unless advertised as such, which usually adds cost to the console so most consoles do not do this).

Given enough programming skill and patience, someone "could" make a 2600 version of a NES game. You would be basically making a new 2600 game from scratch which has less graphics and sound, but you might be able to mimic the gameplay. This has been done before.
Apr 1, 2010. 1:38 PMmusick_08 says:
Im thinking about doing this. I was at a flea market 2 days ago and found an atari 2600 with the cables, 2 joysticks, ms pac-man, pac-man, real sports baseball, and asteroids for $10! (:
Apr 7, 2010. 9:10 AMKiokuffiib11 says:
Also,  if you happen to own a Sega Genesis controller  it works in an atari.
Apr 7, 2010. 12:44 PMmusick_08 says:
I didn't know that. I don't own one but I can get one pretty cheap
Mar 28, 2010. 12:44 PMFFVIIBOY says:
If i had an atari 2600 i would make Cloud, Sephiroth, Wolverine, The Joker (Dark Knight style) Weiss the Immaculate, Nero the Sable, Vincent Valentine, Jak and Daxter, Ratchet and Clank, Zack Fair, Claire Farron (a.k.a. Lightning), Bahamut, Link, Roxas, Axel, Reno, Sora, Xigbar, etc., etc. (i have about 100 more guys i could mention but my hand is getting tired)
Jan 19, 2010. 3:58 PMcucumber288 says:
now can you make shooting games, because i was thinking of making my own version of a video game called left 4 dead so i could play it at my a relatives' houses because none of them have xbox 360s
Mar 29, 2009. 6:16 AMtinkerC says:
TextEdit does work, just save as plain text ( .txt ), not Rich Text ( .rtf ). If you want to program any language, other than Assembly Line, than Macs are the way to go. No flames please, but it is easier to code on a Mac ( other than on 10.5 Leopard ).
Apr 26, 2009. 5:49 AMpyro515 says:
Whats wrong with notepad? when i write php that's what i use.
Apr 27, 2009. 6:10 PMtinkerC says:
I use a Mac.
Jul 10, 2009. 7:16 AMchilll2009 says:
I'm using a Mac, but when the pc gets fixed I much prefer notepad.
Aug 31, 2009. 8:11 AMchilll2009 says:
its fixed.
Aug 31, 2009. 1:54 PMtinkerC says:
So, now which computer do you use more?
Apr 9, 2009. 5:48 AMYummyPancakes says:
Then you've never tried Linux + EMACS. I was never a EMACS geek (prefer Vim myself), but I've tried it, and kept it for a loooooong time.
Jan 4, 2010. 2:14 PMandross52 says:
 I use Mac + EMACS. Don't think there's a difference.
Jan 4, 2010. 3:52 PMtinkerC says:
 They are the same.
Apr 12, 2009. 3:04 PMtinkerC says:
Does EMACS compile? All OS's work for text, compiling is the pain.
Apr 9, 2009. 6:34 AMgreiss122 says:
Actually, you can access EMACS from a Mac, because Mac and Linux both use UNIX (SP?). Just go into Terminal, on 10.4 or 10.5, and type in "emacs"
Apr 12, 2009. 3:05 PMtinkerC says:
And Vi and pico. I work mostly from the command line. EMACS was around since the start of OS X. ( not just 10.4 or 5 )
Apr 12, 2009. 6:26 PMgreiss122 says:
Thats true, but nobody uses those anymore, so I didn't feel like mentioning them.
Apr 13, 2009. 4:53 AMtinkerC says:
I do. I have several computers that can't even handle OS X. Just mention all of OS X, and you cover them all.
Jun 9, 2007. 3:01 PMgreiss122 says:
thats true. sorry, i've been sick and not feeling so well
Apr 13, 2009. 3:27 PMtinkerC says:
How could I know? Excused.
Apr 12, 2009. 7:22 PMYummyPancakes says:
Vi? Are you kidding? Without Vi, there wouldn't be Vim. Vim rocks socks. Never heard of pico. Sound like some Mac thing.
Jun 26, 2009. 10:26 AMpharoah says:
Pico has evolved into GNU Nano in most of the more popular Linux distributions. Basically, it's a fairly easy to use console text editor. It doesn't have a command mode, and the arrow keys and the like work the way you'd expect (though the shortcuts are sometimes funny, like G for "Get Help" and O for "Writeout"). It's got no fancy scripting, but it's my preferred text editor since I don't bother to learn Vim or Emacs :).
Jun 27, 2009. 10:17 AMYummyPancakes says:
Now that I've been using Linux for a while: Oh yeah, nano is pretty sweet. It's very customizable, with lots of cmd-line options (which for me is a bad thing -- I ended up having to make a shell script called 'mynano' that just calls 'sudo nano' with all of my favorite options).
Jun 28, 2009. 5:16 AMtinkerC says:
Why is writing a script a bad thing?
Jul 10, 2009. 8:30 AMYummyPancakes says:
Well, it's not. It's just that I am very unknowledgeable in bash/sh. I also had a 'permission denied' problem with that script... oh well. I think I'll finally read my Ubuntu books :P
Jul 11, 2009. 8:01 PMtinkerC says:
Yes, RTFM, read the ferocious manual. Are you an administrator? Is the script one?
Jul 12, 2009. 9:06 AMYummyPancakes says:
I should be... I'm the only user besides root, and I think during install I chose to be an admin. I wrote the script while I was logged in as myself. I've already tried su and sudo.
Jul 12, 2009. 10:50 AMtinkerC says:
An application doesn't run as the user, it is a separate thing.
Apr 13, 2009. 5:23 AMtinkerC says:
Probably is. I wouldn't know. What does Vim do that Vi can't?
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Whoever first said "sticks and stones can break my bones, but words can never hurt me" obviously never attended a ninja poetry slam.