Mold Making: Two Part Silicone Mold

Mold Making: Two Part Silicone Mold

*UPDATE* I'm going to include some FAQ's to answer some of the questions I've received. { FAQ }


This tutorial will demonstrate how to reliably reproduce cast objects using a two part silicone mold. This technique, when skillfully applied, can have incredible resolution, effectively cast very complex shapes, and can yield parts that need little cleanup. This type of mold is most useful for parts that are fairly small, and therefore will not consume a massive amount of silicone to cast. To save material on large castings, techniques such as glove molding and matrix molding are often applied.
 
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Step 1Select, clean, and add sprue

Select, clean, and add sprue
I chose a figurine from a comic shop as my demo to mold. This will be what is called the master. It has a fair amount of surface detail, and some small parts that, although tricky, are faithfully reproduced in the final casting.

Begin by inspecting, cleaning, and securing your model. I glued down the small parts that my figurine came with which originally snapped together. I took a cotton swab and got out all the grit and dust from every tiny crevice. Remember that everything you see on your part will be cast into the mold, even down to fingerprints. You will not be able to correct these mistakes once the part is cast, so take the time to do it right.

You will need to create a sprue or sprues on your part. These will become funnel shaped holes in the mold. You need them so you can get your casting material into the mold so don't forget to put them in. I usually use the tops to bottles or machine my own, but you can make most any tube or funnel shaped object work. If you'd like, you can even make your sprue out of clay. I usually smooth the seam in between the sprue and the master as to not catch bubbles on the very bottom of the part. Try to think ahead when you're molding a part, if something looks like it will trap bubbles, try to orient things to avoid it. Your goal is to create a mold that will produce the best quality parts with the least amount of work and fiddling.
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73 comments
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Jan 1, 2012. 5:22 PMSheilauva says:
I am using window silicone, clear, sealant for my two part molds. I have not done this in 15 years and have forgotten what to use for a release, not for the clay, but for the seams around the clay. The silicone will stick to itself, so what do you use for the second half of the mold. Does this make sense?
Can I use canola spray on the silicone to release or vaseline, or do I have to buy a can of silicone release?
Mar 2, 2011. 6:29 AMbluebel95 says:
Can I use it to make cakes or gummy candies? :)
Sep 12, 2011. 4:52 PMspiderham says:
Corn starch is used for gummies. Just spread the powder into a tray, press your master into the it and pour slowly into each cast. This is the method used at a candy shop I worked at some time ago. Once set, dump the whole thing over a screen and reuse the powder.
Feb 3, 2011. 6:57 PMscottouradnik says:
I'm looking to make soap molds and need a good supplier for the silicone, any suggestions?
Jul 4, 2011. 8:00 AMjoannashi says:
hello, we are a professional manufacturer silicone rubber, contact me at my email hyjb@szrl.net. we can provide you most competitive silicone rubber to make molds for soap.
Jun 8, 2011. 11:53 AMTraeh says:
This is EXACTLY what I was looking for some small sculptures I wanted to cast in resin! Thank you for this awesome ible!!!
Jun 23, 2010. 11:39 AMg0nn el tren says:
how can i mold this: http://www.flickr.com/photos/14455307@N07/3804998669/in/set-72157618890095073/ i want it empty from inside
Nov 24, 2008. 7:12 PMn0ukf says:
Do you know of any casting materials that cure near crystal clear (like for lenses, etc)?
Dec 1, 2009. 6:18 PMEmphantasy says:
 I've used a lot of water clear urethanes from various companies- what they all have in common is that you'll need to use platinum-based RTV.  Tin based silicone has trace amounts of alcohol in it, which soft durometer urethanes/clears don't get along with.  Of course, you can also heat a tin mold or let it age naturally to get rid of the alcohol, but that takes time.
Apr 7, 2010. 1:51 PMstageright2 says:
How long is the aging process and what temp. and length would would you need to bake it for. thanks ASAP
Apr 7, 2010. 3:18 PMEmphantasy says:
It depends a lot on the thickness of the mold...the thicker it is, the longer it takes to bake out the alcohol.  If the mold is 1/2 in thick, I'd guesstimate 90 degree F. for about 2 days.  I wouldn't go over 100 degrees F, because increasing the temp, while perhaps shortening the time needed, might also damage your mold.  Of course, this is done with the silicone fully cured, the master removed, and the mold laid out in the oven opened up, if possible.  Let the mold cool to room temp. before casting the urethane, and do a test shot if possible on the outside of the mold to check if the alcohol is gone before trying it in the cavity.  If the test shot is still tacky, bake some more.
Mar 23, 2010. 11:30 AMsocalcovey says:
Hi, I was wondering if you could point out the sprues in this picture. Im new at this and I want to follow your recipe to the T. Thank you.
Feb 5, 2010. 7:38 PMjames oakley says:
I am looking for a business partner to help design and patent a idea I have.  Setting up a mold design is key.  This product also uses recycled plastic and wood.  I have done some research on my idea and no one has come up with this idea as of  yet.

This would be a great product to sale on HSN or QVC.  This product would repeat it's sales yearly.  Indefinitely!

If interested, contact me (James) oakleyrest@yahoo.com
Feb 12, 2009. 11:02 AMamoceuazul says:
(removed by author or community request)
Dec 1, 2009. 6:15 PMEmphantasy says:
 Vacuum casting could also help- do you have enough gates/vents?
Mar 19, 2009. 1:47 PM_soapy_ says:
What mould material are you pouring the wax in to? If it is too cold, like a metal mould would be, the wax will chill and stick on contact. You might need to warm the mould up, pour the cast, then let the whole thing cool. Also, you should have an obvious path for the air to vent upwards from all the high points that will trap air, and you should pour down one sprue until you see the material at the other sprue(s) - if this isn't happening, something is blocking them. If they are too narrow, then the wax will set as it cools onto the mould, and that could well be your problem.
Feb 19, 2009. 11:42 AMRufo says:
I have just made a rather complex mold of a sculpture I made in clay, the shell I made with plaster and it looked great, till I opened it and notice that the silicone was taky and stiky at some places... maybe the mixing went wrong is there something I can do, I can't afford to loose this mold... thanks
Dec 1, 2009. 6:15 PMEmphantasy says:
 It also depends on what type of RTV silicone you used, tin or platinum.  Yes, products containing sulfur will inhibit platinum-based RTV, but I've yet to have that problem with tin, which cures against most anything.
Aug 23, 2009. 5:32 PMbanditsrubyangel says:
I have a pair of detailed flexible plastic wings that are curved. The wingspan is about 8 inches. Would this method work for them?
Dec 1, 2009. 6:12 PMEmphantasy says:
 Hi.  If your master is really detailed, you might want to think about vacuum casting it- this process helps a lot with fine details.
Aug 24, 2009. 1:04 AMannie33 says:
hello,this is Annie,you can contact with me more information about silicone rubber for making molds,annie7301011@live.cn.
Sep 16, 2010. 6:45 AMHernando says:
I would like to know about your offer " information about silicone rubber for making molds"

Hernando Delgado Hdelgado2@verizon.net
Sep 3, 2009. 4:19 AMjujibelly says:
Is the silicone used food grade? If not is it possible to get food grade silicon and apply the same process to make a mould? I ask because I'm thinking of making some custom jello moulds.
Dec 1, 2009. 6:10 PMEmphantasy says:
 Hi jujibelly.   There is food grade silicone, but it can be a lot more expensive.  You also have to use only food grade releases, etc.
Jan 1, 2009. 9:51 PMAnarchistAsian says:
is it possible to mold on the outside and inside?
the kind of stuff you'd usually have to machine?
Mar 19, 2009. 1:49 PM_soapy_ says:
You could, but I'm not sure what you mean by casting inside and outside? You can have a mould inside the cast, then remove the cast from it, or melt it out (if wax) leaving a void inside the cast. Combining both an internal and external cast at the same time would be tricky, I think.
Mar 29, 2009. 11:54 AMAnarchistAsian says:
well i wanted to make a plastic "gun" slide for a coil gun
Sep 14, 2009. 5:09 AMWhiteTigerTails says:
Mould each side separately, then glue together.
Sep 18, 2009. 7:46 PMAnarchistAsian says:
yeah, of course, but it's not a good way to get a strong slide from a mold...
Aug 30, 2009. 7:57 AMlambologo says:
could this hold hot plastic? im trying to make a air soft bb mold so that i can put meatle in them and be able to pick them up with a magnet
Sep 14, 2009. 5:07 AMWhiteTigerTails says:
ER... plastic, I mean...
Sep 14, 2009. 5:07 AMWhiteTigerTails says:
I'm sure, if you google around, you can find a plaster that can hold molten wax.
Nov 19, 2007. 6:24 PM!Andrew_Modder! says:
:-D finally! you dont know how long iv been wateing to cast stuff in silicon! But one question, where do you get it, and how expensive is it to make how much? And is there a site that i can get it from? THX awesome instructable!
Aug 24, 2009. 12:55 AMannie33 says:
hello,this is Annie,have you got your silicone?I can provide silicone rubber of many kinds at a competitive price!Email me annie7301011@live.cn
Nov 19, 2007. 7:41 PMnnygamer says:
Places like http://www.smoothon.com/ and http://www.micromark.com/ have kits with the materials you need to cast with.
Nov 19, 2007. 7:34 PMgdawg says:
I just got a novice's molding/casting kit from SmoothOn.com (non-disclamer: I have no affilation with them). They have a lot of good info about molding.
Aug 5, 2009. 7:00 PMknexsuperbuilderfreak says:
will this method work with knex?
Jul 30, 2009. 4:34 AMmrpickles2 says:
Just added a comment to the concrete lego instructable about using a vibrator to eliminate voids. It would work well with this kind of molding as well. Also my dad makes jewelry and he uses some kind of solution to coat mold and parts before using to keep bubbles from forming on the parts. I'm not sure what it is tho.
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