Make Copper Sulfate From Copper and Sulfuric Acid (3 Ways)
Intro: Make Copper Sulfate From Copper and Sulfuric Acid (3 Ways)
We make copper sulfate from copper and sulfuric acid using two chemical methods and one electrochemical method.
Copper does not directly react with sulfuric acid so some form of oxidant is needed. Hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid are excellent oxidants and the first two methods demonstrate this. The nitric acid method however produces toxic nitrogen dioxide gas so you'll need to perform this one outside or in a fumehood.
Because both chemical methods are rather expensive. A very cheap electrochemical method can be performed by running a current through two copper electrodes immersed in sulfuric acid. The copper is converted to copper ions at the positive electrode and hydrogen gas is formed at the negative electrode.
However if the electrodes are placed side by side then the copper ions will diffuse to the negative electrode and get converted back into copper. This is wasteful as you've used power to accomplish nothing. So the better way is to separate both by gravity with the positive electrode at the bottom. The denser solution of copper sulfate will remain near the bottom and thus increase efficiency.
As a side note, the electrochemical method is actually very expensive if you use batteries as your power source. The charge on a battery generates a comparatively small quantity of total copper sulfate compared to the same cost of chemicals for the chemical methods. The cheapest way is to use a DC power supply. The cost of municipal electricity is very small compared to the cost of batteries and chemicals.
Please check out our channel at http://www.youtube.com/NurdRage
Copper does not directly react with sulfuric acid so some form of oxidant is needed. Hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid are excellent oxidants and the first two methods demonstrate this. The nitric acid method however produces toxic nitrogen dioxide gas so you'll need to perform this one outside or in a fumehood.
Because both chemical methods are rather expensive. A very cheap electrochemical method can be performed by running a current through two copper electrodes immersed in sulfuric acid. The copper is converted to copper ions at the positive electrode and hydrogen gas is formed at the negative electrode.
However if the electrodes are placed side by side then the copper ions will diffuse to the negative electrode and get converted back into copper. This is wasteful as you've used power to accomplish nothing. So the better way is to separate both by gravity with the positive electrode at the bottom. The denser solution of copper sulfate will remain near the bottom and thus increase efficiency.
As a side note, the electrochemical method is actually very expensive if you use batteries as your power source. The charge on a battery generates a comparatively small quantity of total copper sulfate compared to the same cost of chemicals for the chemical methods. The cheapest way is to use a DC power supply. The cost of municipal electricity is very small compared to the cost of batteries and chemicals.
Please check out our channel at http://www.youtube.com/NurdRage
26 Comments
RustamC2 7 years ago
sir please give balance chemical equations
RustamC2 7 years ago
give the balanced reaction for electrochemistry
Kaiven 14 years ago
NurdRage 14 years ago
meetsudani 7 years ago
Please guide me if it is possible.
Here i dont want to use copper anode.
Kaiven 14 years ago
BartB9 8 years ago
Well, it's all natural but not exactly safe.:) I say it isnatural because copper sulfate crystal is the mineral chanthcosite (spellcheck please;))
TheMadScientist 12 years ago
Cu + MgSO4 + 2 H2O → H2 + CuSO4 + Mg(OH)2
that is to say, copper and a magnesium sulfate (more commonly known as epsom salt) solution is electrochemically converted into hydrogen, copper sulfate, and magnesium hydroxide... :D
NurdRage 12 years ago
You're creating magnesium hydroxide waste!
The method using sulfuric acid doesn't produce waste.
At best you have an alternative way, but certainly not a "more efficient" way.
BartB9 8 years ago
I have seen photos of a magnesium sulfate electrolysis, it seemed quite a mess of milky light blue precipitate: I assume by color that this was mostly copper hydroxide contaminated with magnesium hydroxide and perhaps some copper sulfate. The problem with epsom salt crystals is that it is a dodecahydrate, it is cheap because it is mostly water: MgSO4.12H2O. The bottom line is it does not provide much sulfate ion on a percentage to total weght basis.
cactusbush 10 years ago
RajendraJ 8 years ago
The coppery red scum that turn into dark red is cuprous oxide,
You can add concentrate 20% to 35% of hydrogen peroxide to it and it will dissolve into the copper sulfate solution and you will have a clean electrode again.
Urbizzo 11 years ago
I just needed some copper sulphate to kill some mold in my well. (I am not going to drink this water)
Now the battery charger is on 6 volts (slow) and producing copper sulphate.
I am quite shure I've got mold in that water, and I will try to treat it with this copper sulphate.
If there is some other methods to kill molds in water I am also interested.
Jimmy Proton 13 years ago
Sovereignty 12 years ago
dioblo2345 14 years ago
Jack A Lopez 12 years ago
http://www.artangel.org.uk/projects/2008/seizure
Artist on site: Roger Hiorns on Seizure from Artangel on Vimeo.
What do you mean, "What is it good for?"
;-)
NurdRage 14 years ago
dioblo2345 14 years ago
Jaycub 14 years ago