How to build a Safe and Strong Baby Gate

 by trevormates
Contest WinnerFeatured
Like a lot of parents, our house if FULL of baby gates. We have one in practically every doorway, hallway and entrance. One of the things that my wife and I found out early is that baby gates are EXPENSIVE if you want quality (around $75 to $100 per gate). When you add to the fact that you need 4-10 of these things, the costs can be enormous. We purchased a few of the ¼” wooden varieties only to have my 3 year old stand on it and bust it to shards.

Since I had built my Toddler Bed Guard out of PVC, I chose to do something similar for a baby gate. This would also apply nicely to someone who needs a pet gate.

This particular model is pretty simple and uses just PVC components to work. There are two ‘Slip Tees’ in the structure that allow the gate to slide vertically, just slightly so that you can lift it up and over the ‘Table Caps’ that it will snap into. Once over the Table Caps, just press down and it is as secure as can be.

Now, before you child-safety advocates turn on me, here are a few notes about this design:
  1. It’s made from furniture grade PVC and fittings, obtained from formufit.com, which is non-toxic, contains no dioxins (the nasty stuff they make plumbing PVC with), and is impact and UV-degrade proof (it won’t break down in sunlight).
  2. The slats are all 2-3/4” apart, which is BELOW the required 3” of distance between slates.
  3. It is extremely strong. I can put my entire weight on it (215 lb. male) closed and it will not budge.
  4. All corners and edges are rounded, so no snagging.
  5. There are no pinching mechanisms in the gate once closed.
  6. Finally, this is MY choice to make this for me and my family.  If you detest such a project, dont make it. 
I tried to make it with features that other baby gates incorporate, such as being attached to a wall or door frame, can be removed, and swings. I built each gate for around $48.00.

I plan on augmenting this Instructable to make a baby-corral out of the same thing, but making legs that jut out from each side for stability. Look for that one soon.
 
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Step 1: What you need.

Parts

As I mentioned in the introduction, I used furniture grade PVC and fittings. First its safe (non-toxic) as it’s made from the same type of PVC used in kids toys, and second, it just looks much better. I built the prototype out of plumbing grade PVC and it looked ghastly. Bonus also is that furniture grade PVC parts have a few more ‘clever’ components to make it easier, such as the Slip Tees and Table Caps.

I ordered all my parts from Formufit (www.formufit.com) as they are the least expensive and have the best selection of parts.

Here are the parts I ordered:
  • 12 x 1-1/4” PVC Tees
  • 2 x 1-1/4” PVC 90 Degree Elbows
  • 2 x 1-1/4” PVC Slip Tees
  • 2 x 1-1/4” PVC Fitting Caster Inserts
  • 4 x 1-1/4” Table Caps
  • 2 x 1-1/4” Internal Domed End Caps
  • 3 x 1-1/4” 5’ Furniture Grade PVC Pipe

I also had some spare 1-1/4” Plumbing Grade Pipe to make the connecting inserts, which are not exposed. Fairly inexpensive, a 10’ section will run you $3.00 at Home Depot or Lowes. They will cut it down for you if you need.

Hardware

You will need the following hardware to secure everything together:

  • 2 x 1/4” x 2.5” or 3” long Hitch Pins (Ace Hardware)
  • 1 bag 3/4” Wood Screws (Full Thread)
  • 1 can of PVC Cement
Tools

Normally I would have used a Miter Saw to make all of the cuts, but I chose to use a hacksaw, as it was just as fast (a little de-burring was needed). I did need a ¼” drill bit to make holes for the ‘hitch pins’. Everything else is screwing, so just a power drill a couple of drill bits and a
  • Phillips bit should get you through this.
  • Power Drill or Power Screwdriver
  • Philips Head Bit
  • Hacksaw
  • Measuring Tape
  • 3/22” drill bit
  • 1/4” drill bit
  • Countersink Bit
  • Knife or Deburring Tool
alex2437 says: Apr 18, 2013. 8:41 PM
I am a beginner at sketchup and have watched the videos at formufit about handles but I can't seem to get all these fittings to line up. Do you have any tips or a way to know every piece that you move is inside a component.

Sorry for the newbie question but I want to build this for my dog this weekend
carlo$ says: Mar 5, 2013. 12:54 AM
nice, how do i build the swing open version? can u provide more details? what type of hinges.
cstadler says: Nov 11, 2012. 7:52 AM
Hi- two questions:
1. I am considering building this to span a 60" arch in our apartment. Do you think it will be wobbly at that length?
2. Since I would be doubling the number of 3" pieces and am lazy, do you think I could use slip-tees across the top and bottom? The screws would keep them from sliding left-right.
Thanks!
CJSudduth says: Oct 21, 2012. 3:30 AM
This would be great for a dog gate too.... Also I see a lot of baby beds ... how about with the right tools and design if you could put them together to keep dogs/children in designated areas ...like a large playpen... lol.. just a idea..
ademing says: Jun 26, 2011. 7:34 PM
PVC is extremely toxic to babies and babies tend to "mouth" their baby gates.
dspitzmueller in reply to ademingAug 12, 2011. 11:14 AM
If you read the instructions, he addresses the toxicity issues. The type of pipe he recommends contains no 'dioxins'
trevormates (author) in reply to dspitzmuellerAug 19, 2011. 12:59 AM
You are correct sir. Furniture grade PVC actually is completely non-toxic. The only way you can cause any harm to you or your children is to physically burn it. But then again, if you burn wool, you release cyanide gas.

Lesson: Don't burn PVC or sheep.
dspitzmueller says: Aug 12, 2011. 11:15 AM
I have a doorway that is a non-standard width, and finding a baby gate that fits has become a challenge. Maybe this gate can be adapted to work for us as well. Thanks for the plans!
jekan777 says: Apr 12, 2011. 6:50 AM
TRANSLTR says: Nov 17, 2010. 2:30 AM
Very cool. Mine are too old to need one now, but having seen this I might have to make one in copper tube, just for the hell of it.
canida in reply to TRANSLTRDec 8, 2010. 3:57 PM
I see a steampunk baby gate in someone's future...
canida says: Dec 8, 2010. 3:56 PM
Nicely done! It looks much classier than the standard "baby jail" gates, too.
aeray says: Nov 16, 2010. 7:16 AM
Good work! Hopefully I won't have to make one for a few years at least. Have you considered developing some kind of tension attachment (to avoid putting screws into the doorjamb)?
trevormates (author) in reply to aerayNov 17, 2010. 2:48 PM
Ah, yes. There have been many a thought about how not to destroy stair posts and door frames, and I have yet to come up with a solution that would allow this without the top being all wiggly-wobbly. If you think of something. Let me know.
kelseymh says: Nov 16, 2010. 9:03 AM
That is really awesome. I had no idea that there was "furniture grade" PVC; thanks for the reference. I like the way the finished gate looks with the fancier, finished fittings. It's also great that the swing is bidirectional: you never know what you might have in your hands to keep you from pulling...

One question about the lift catches -- it seems to me that those are theoretically pinch-points. Is the weight of the door (or the friction at the hinge fittings) sufficient that your toddler can't lift it?

In the intro, we can still see the left over attachments for whatever cheap-a** over-priced gate you had there before :-)
trevormates (author) in reply to kelseymhNov 17, 2010. 2:46 PM
The lift catches are potential pinch points, but the rounding off the pipe using a internal domed and cap at the end and the sanding/rouding of the table cap are essential to reduce this.

One of the gates that we had in place prior to my 'implementation' had the same setup: a bar came out from the gate and set into an indentation in a wall fixture, and then had a little plastic bit that hovered over it, so this solution is already being used by gate manufactuerers. At least thats my excuse.

The gate is heavy enough for a toddler to not be able to lift, and the PVC securely snaps into the table caps, loud enought to make a snap. If I had used 1" PVC, it would be lighter, perhaps light enough for a toddler to lift, thats one of the benefits of the heavier 1-1/4" PVC.

oakback says: Nov 17, 2010. 8:57 AM
Awesome, I need this. I made a rudimentary gate out of wood. Though very strong, it has horizontal slats, allowing for climbing. Your design would make it extremely difficult to climb.
danielpolly says: Nov 17, 2010. 6:25 AM
This idea is very useful! You can never know with babies.
omnibot says: Nov 16, 2010. 6:41 AM
Nice, I'm hanging on to this until it's time for ours.
tbcross says: Nov 16, 2010. 5:27 AM
very nice! I remember when mine were that age and they destroyed the wooden ones too. Great ible. I'll keep it on file for when the nephew comes to visit next :)
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