in this instructable we will show you how to make a cheap pair of headphones

Step 1: Step 1: Materials

here are the material list for our headphones.

one 3.5 MM stereo
a spool of 28 AWG or 36 AWG wire
2mm by 6mm neodymium magnets x 10
one soldering iron and solder
2 plastic cups
a sheet of paper
a source of music
a 3d printer(optional)

Step 2: Step 2: Assembly, Sanding, & Coiling

Step 1: find a round pencil

Step 2: tape a bit of tape around the pencil

step 3: leave enough of the 28 or 36 AWG wire to attach to the 3.5 mm jack then begin coiling. wrap about 150 to 200 wraps around the pencil

Step 4: leave about 15 cm not wrapped around the pencil

Step 5: use a lighter or candle to burn the enamel off of the wire ends

step 6 watch the video to make the rest of the headphone repeat twice

Step 3: Step 3 Magnet Positioning & Diaphragm Assembly

The magnets are required because the magnetic field that they produce interacts with that of the voice coil and cause vibrations in the diaphragm. They are placed where they are to be as close to the voice coil as practical and still allow them to move independently from the rest of the assembly. They’re placed in the center of the voice coil because electromagnetic forces increase greatly the closer the two fields are. Since the fields are strongest in the center of the coil it make sense to place the permanent magnets there.

The number of magnets was decided based on how loud the resulting sound was. By increasing and decreasing the amount of magnets and thus raising or lowering the volume, respectively. We continued this until the desired volume was reached. The diaphragm materials were decided in a similar process, but instead of volume, sound quality was the resultant change.

Step 4: Step 4:Playing With the Sound

You sand the wire to strip it of its enamel coating; which insulates the copper wire within, preventing current from leaving the wire. By removing the coating, the terminals on the aux plug can apply current to the wire, thus operating the speaker. Sound is produced when the voice coil interacts with the fields of the permanent magnet; moving the diaphragm and coil up and down. Alternating current quickly flip the position of the poles of the voice coil; from north to south and south to north. The rapid flipping of the poles cause the direction the coil is accelerated to change; from towards the magnet to away from the magnet, and vice versa. These acceleration changes make the diaphragm move forward and backward in time with the voice coil, essentially causing vibration.