Hello there fellow human being! This is a how to build your own headphones. Have fun!

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Step 1: Materials

Step One

To build headphones you will need:

2 paper cups (side note: we chose to choose paper cups because we thought that it was the best to use, but feel free to use any cup you want!)
28 AWG wire
4 neodymium magnets
A flower crown(any kind you want)
Wire cutter
Sandpaper
Glue stick
Electrical tape
3.5 mm stereo jack
String (any color / optional )
Pipe cleaners (optional)

In a speaker, the three components that a speaker need is the voice coil, diaphragm, and the magnet. You need a voice coil because it's like a “temporary magnet”. The voice coil should vibrate. It should vibrate because of the strong magnetic field. It has magnetic field because there’s current flowing through it. This causes the diaphragm move which is a good thing because it produces loud sounds. The diaphragm is to amplify sound waves. The magnet makes the voice coil move. You need alternating current and direct current because it needs to attract and repel for the voice coil to move back and forth. If you don't have alternating current then it would just repel.

Step 2: Assembling, Sanding, & Coiling

Step Two:

Next grab your wire and a glue stick. Make sure to leave about 10 inches of wire on both ends of the sides, that part will be sanded. With the rest of the wire, wrap it around the glue stick about 50 times. Once your done with the wrapping, take it off very carefully. The diameter of your voice coil should be about half an inch.We chose to coil our wire 50 times because it increased the sound and improved the quality of sound.

For a temporary magnet, you need to coil wires for a stronger magnetic field. A magnetic field is the space surrounding coil. You sand the coil of wire because that’s how current flows. Current comes from the battery in your phone and flows the wire and finally, produces the sound. You can use right hand rule to determine current in a magnetic field. In the right hand rule, your thumb is the direction in which current is flowing through, the palm is force, and your fingers are the magnetic field.

Step 3: Magnet Positioning and Diaphagrm Assembly

Step Three:

Inside of your cup, put a magnet. On the bottom but on the outside of the cup, place your two other magnets on top of each other.We chose to have three magnets on each side of each ear because we wanted a strong magnetic field. Feel free to use more than three on each ear, but keep in mind that means stronger magnetic field which causes vibrations. We tried more than three but it vibrated a lot and didn’t sound good. Feel free to try though! Surrounding it should be coil of wire. Use electrical tape( or regular) for everything to be secure.

The permanent magnet should be in the middle because the closer it is to the magnetic field it is able to have a stronger attraction to the coil so it vibrates more. Strong magnetic field produces more vibrations which causes the diaphragm to move. This is a good thing because it makes loud noises. We chose to have three magnets on each side of each ear because we wanted a strong magnetic field. A stronger magnetic field means that the voice coil will vibrate more to produce better sound and make it clearer/louder. We also observed that having magnets vibrated a lot which we didn't like. We chose to use a paper cup as our diaphragm because that was the one we could hear clearer from but, feel free to use any cup you want like plastic.

Step 4: Plug & Play

Step Four:

Now that you have two voice coils for both ears, you connect them to the aux plug. Make the wire that you should have sanded already go through each side of the little holes and make it touch the top. The other ends of the wire are going to be connected. Since we’re using a flower crown, get sand enough wire to connect both ends for it to fit your head. Also, you need some for the diaphragm to reach your ear. You may solder to keep everything in place, if you like.

If you don’t sand then the current won’t flow through the wire and can be sent through the wire. Once you connect your aux plug to your phone then the wire becomes a conductor. Current is flowing through the wire.

Step 5: Troubleshooting

Step Five: If you don’t hear sound then you can try coiling more. Instead of just twisting the sanded wire to the terminals, do that and the other top parts. You could also try to sand more until you can’t see the red anymore. If the wire tore, then sand the two broken pieces and then wrap them around each other, or get a new wire and redo the necessary steps. If there's static, play around with the number of magnets, coil, or examine the terminals and remember, the two wires shouldn't be touching at the terminals.