Introduction: Dancing Blue Flame

About: Currently working as a Science Lab Technician in an International School. Also, I’m a Professional Biology Teacher.

I did this experiment to demonstrate and study the reaction between copper chloride- HCl Solution and Aluminum foil. The mixture will begin to react vigorously and produce hydrogen gas. It was then ignited in a closed container resulting to the formation of the Blue Flame.
Reaction:
2Al(s) + 3CuCl2(aq) → 2AlCl3(aq) + 3Cu(s)
2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) → 2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2(g)

Materials and Reagents Needed:
1. 3.5 g of Copper Chloride
2. 50 ml of 1.0 M HCl
3. Small and big conical flasks
4. Measuring cylinder
5. Gas lighter
6. Aluminum Foil
7. Weighing boat

The primary objective here is to show how reactive aluminium is. The aluminium oxide layer protects the metal beneath from further reaction with air, water or acid. But chloride ions can ligate aluminium ions at the metal–oxide interface and break down the protective layer, allowing the reaction to proceed.

This report presents the procedures for the experiment, the experiment's results, and an analysis of those results.


Step 1: Hydrochloric Acid

Measure about 50 ml of 1.0 M Hydrochloric acid

Step 2: Copper Chloride

Put 3.5 g of Copper Chloride into the flask.

Step 3: The Mixture

Pour the 50 ml of HCl into the conical flask.

Step 4: Dissolving the Copper Chloride Into the Acid

Swirl the contents well.

Step 5: Reaction Between the Solution and Metal Foil

Add the Copper chloride- Hydrochloric acid mixture to the foil in the second flask.

Step 6: Production of Hydrogen Gas

After few seconds, the mixture will begin to react vigorously and produce Hydrogen gas.

Step 7: Ignition

Hold the gas lighter and lit the opening of the flask and the gas will ignite.

Step 8: The Reaction

You can see the blue flame appears after the ignition. If you have timed it right, the flame will sink back into the flask and dance inside above the reaction with an eerie blue green color from the copper.