This is a 3 years old project, I used to call it Datura automation at first, but I think that Domotic Garden is more appropriate, and direct.

Even if basically the hardware has not changed I used to make some changes to the code as optimizations, and bug fixing. So at this time, the code is the most complete.

Use it as a complete irrigation system for your garden, or use it to control your aquarium, or just to control any kind of devices at home. The imagination is the only limit.

Assign a name to each of 6 relays (you can connect lamps, pumps, elettrovalves, heaters, ecc.)

Choose between manual and automatic mode for each relayFull week routing time programming (each relay has his own settings of course)

Sensor control (you can attach up to 6 analog sensor and set parameters to control the on/off state, as a light sensor, or a moisture sensor, ecc ecc)

Fully web controlledPassword protectedTemperature, pressure and humidity display and log

Display

Digital clock with battery backupLog statistic data on SD (temp, humidity, analog sensor of each relay and switch on/off states)

Yes, I know it is not a project for newbies, as you need some basic soldering skills to build the project, and you’ll have to etch your own pcb (layout drawings available to download) shields to attach to Arduino, and you'll have to have a bit of arduino knowledge. BUT, you can do it! And when done, you'll be the happiest person in this world, as I was when I built it for the first time. It implies a bit of problem solving, as you could find different components, or you could need some adjustment, but bite one problem at time, and you will see that you can really do it.

Simplifying, If you attach all the components directly to the arduino (take a look at the photo), you will wonder that you won't need the shields.. so, why you need 3 shields to build? Because you can eradicate a jungle of wiring mess.

The target is simple. Imagine that you need to action 2 water pumps, and a couple of fans for air flow, and 2 lamps. You can use a pump (or an elettrovalve) to send clear water to your plants, and another pump to send fertilized water. Every relay can be time programmed. As an example you can set 12 hours of light to your plants, and irrigate 2 times, as in the morning and in the evening. You can also connect a couple of wires to the pot, and the other two ends to the sensor ports. Simply set moisture humidity, so, if the terrain is already wet, the resistance between the 2 cables in the pot will decrease, and the Domotic Garden will not switch on the relay. Or imagine your aquarium/terrarium which you have to control. You can connect a filter pump, an UV filter and set timer to sterilize water, lamps, you can connect an heater carpet, or a heater wire and control the water temperature. You can connect a Ph sensor, and regulate nitrates. You can constantly control humidity and temperature in your terrarium. You can also simply connect lamps to the power outlets, and manually switch on/off from internet. Domotic Garden uses also an optional cheap nokia display to show all the informations about humidity and temperature. It show also all the information about each relay. You can set rotation info speed by parameter. Domotic Garden lets to enable a log which write every 30 minutes temperature and relays state in a csv file (in the sd root), so you have all the history recorded. The Ethernet shield lets to control everithing from a simple and comfortable web page. You can also assign a password to protect control from unauthorized people. The web control is fully functional, and simple to manage. Costs The total cost is about 100€ or 130$. Keep in mind that the most expensive components are the Arduino Mega (20€), the ethernet shield (12€), the box (15€), and the power outlets (20€).

Step 1: Bill of Materials

Arduino Mega 2560 + libraries attached
Ethernet shield w5100
DHT22 temperature/humidity sensor
DS1307 real time clock
3 x 20x10cm 1 side copper pcb (see drawings for size specifications)
6 x relays 5v 10A-250V
lcd nokia lhp7366 (nokia 5110 o 3110) - warning! it need 3v. 10k resistances needed on all pins to limit current.
5 x 10k 1/4watt resistances
12x 8 pin pcb connectors with long feet and at least 80 pin headers + 2x3 iscp header (see pics) with long feet
6 x pcb connectors terminal block
1x 8 pin socket Dupont Wire50 Female dupont Jumper Cables (20cm approx)
12 pcb plastic pinspacers
a little piece of sanding paper (400) and alchool to clean pcb
30x20x10cm plastic box
6 wall power outlets
Electric wires for relays
A 7-9v power supply for arduinoferric chloride to etch your pcbs
press n peel transfer paper, or glossy laser printer paper and laser printer CD pen or Staedtler lumocolor to refine pcb tracks.
Drill and and tiny drill bits: 0.75, 1mm and 2,5mm.

All the items needed are easily available on ebay.

Step 2: The Shield, From Design to the Creation

Yes, you’ll build 3 shields.

All the pin mapping is included and explained in the arduino code attached.

Domotic Garden shield is simply an adaptor shield, placed between arduino and Ethernet shield, which simplify the wiring components arrangement. Relay shield is a board which let you to arrange relay in a comfortable displacement. The board really simplifies your build. Sensors shield allow to connect the ds1307 clock 8pin DIP, the clock backup battery, and the connectors for all the external sensors you could use to better control your relays. It also permit to connect the display (in the pdf I also painted alternatives display board connectors, so you can also wire it with a long flat cable to comfortably place in a panel).

N.B. Note that I've added an external ds1307 clock board on the shield as an ebay seller sent me by mistake instead of nude DIP package. No problem, simply connect the 4 wires to the pin headers on the prearranged shield.

Print and etch Domotic Garden shield, sensors shield and relay shield

You can easily find detailed tutorials to etch correctly pcb boards, but I'll fast describe for simplicity.

Sand the pcb and clear the copper surface with alchol to remove scratches and grease on the copper.

Print the pcb layouts and check the right print size (try first on normal paper and see if it fits on arduino board). Print on glossy photo paper and use iron to transfer on the pcb surface. Tipically glossy paper needs 6-7 minutes with iron at max temperature, to transfer all the toner to the pcb. Use a piece of fabric between iron and paper. Keep pressed and don’t move the iron at least for 2-3 minutes, then you can gently move the iron in circles over all the pcb to let the toner transfer better.

Let the pcb cools down a bit, then immerge the pcb in water for some minute, then start to remove paper. If everything went fine, the toner should remains on the copper. Use the cd pen to fix the tracks if you find some broken. Use gloves and a pair of glasses, and fill a plastic box with some acid, then immerge the pcb into. Let the acid coversPrint and etch shield, sensors shield and relay shield completely the boards. If you move constantly the box, the acid will remove the exposed copper in a few minutes (15-30 minutes). Ok, when done, wash the pcb and clean the boards from the acid with water. Follow the drawings and drill the holes for the components.

Place and solder the components on the boards

Start from Domotic Garden shield and solder all the pin pcb connector with the long feet and the icsp connector, then solder the pcb headers.

Solder the jumpers and the pin headers on the Relay shield. I placed the relay pins connector on both left and right side on shield, so you can choose to connect the flat on the side you want. Now connect the relay boards with the plastic spacers. You will find that this arrangement is quite easy to manage. At last take the Sensors shield and solder the 8 pin socket. Then follow the battery holder (keep an eye to + and -). Now solder all the green connectors, that will let you to connect eventual external analog sensors.

On the board I also added 2 more connectors, named A and B, on the bottom of the board. The B connector is used to attach the DHT22 humidity/temperature sensor, and the A connector is for future use (flow control).

Complete the board by solding all the remaining pin header needed as you see in the photos.

N.B. If you have a different display check the pinout before connect to the shield. Pinout is shown in the header of arduino code. Of course, before power on the arduino, double check all the shields and connections for mistakes and test with a multimeter for shorts. First of all, if you find shorts between + and ground, well.. something went wrong.. so resolve the problem before powering the arduino. Double check is better than burn a component and waiting for another shipment. When you are sure that everything is ok, you can power on the arduino and upload a simple example sketch as blinking led. If everything is ok, then you can go to the next step.

Step 3: Arduino Code and Wiring

Well, in attachment you will find the code and libraries needed to compile the code. Simply unzip the libraries and copy to your arduino folder

Domotic_garden.ino is the code
dht22.zip - the humidity temperature sensor library
adafriut_pcd8544.zip - display chars library
adafruit_gfx.zip - display graphic library
ethernet.zip - ethernet library
realtimeclock ds1307.zip - clock library
sd.zip - microsd library

EEPROM memory mapping

// eeprom(0) = n_rel - number of relays connected
// eeprom(1) = log on/off
// eeprom(10-15) = auto/manual relay mode
// eeprom(20-27) = pwd
// eeprom(30-41) = max humidity (2 byte x valore)
// eeprom(100-147) = relay names
// eeprom(1001-1168) = Timer 1 table on/off
// eeprom(1169-1336) = Timer 2 table on/off
// pinout:
// A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 parameter sensors (analog values 0-1023)
// 4 arduino - CS SD card
// 6 arduino - reserved (lcd activation)
// 44 arduino - DHT22 temp/hum sensor
// 46 arduino - Flow sensor
// 10 ethernet reserved (needed for arduino uno compatibility)
// ==> pin 1 lcd - v+ 3.3 arduino
// 13 arduino ==> pin 2 lcd - Serial clock out (SCLK) (10k res needed)
// 11 arduino ==> pin 3 lcd - Serial data out (DIN) (10k res needed)
// 12 arduino ==> pin 4 lcd - Data/Command select (D/C)(10k res needed)
// pin Gnd arduino ==> pin 5 lcd - LCD chip select (CS)
// ==> pin 6 lcd - LCD oscillatore est - not connected
// pin Gnd arduino ==> pin 7 lcd - GND
// ==> pin 8 lcd - Vout - optional led backlight
// 9 arduino ==> pin 9 lcd - Reset (10k res needed)
// 20 arduino ==> pin SDA RTC DS1307
// 21 arduino ==> pin SCLK RTC DS1307
// 30,31,32,33,34,35 relays
// 53 arduino - ethernet reserved

Once uploaded the code on arduino, it's time to fire it on.

BUT DON'T CONNECT high voltage to relay! you'll connect later, at the last. You shuld see also the display working and cicling between relays.

Step 4: Setup Your Webserver

Try to connect to 192.168.1.99 (password paol) from your browser.

Now try to manage the board from the admin page.

Try to switch between manual and auto mode, and switch on/off the relays. you should be able to hear a little click when you switch a relay.

Take a look at the humidity and temperature data, but check also the sensor values.

I used the sensors to check humidity in a pot, so in the picture you should still see the label humidity. At the begin you will find strange values, this is because eeprom values are still not set yet. So you're going to set all the params.

Soglia min is a parameter (one value for each relay) and you can set between 0 ans 1023.

If you use a couple os metal stick planted in a pot, you will see the resitance generated by soil humidity.

More water, more the value recorded. when the value "hum act" is bigger than "soglia", either in programmed mode, Arduino won't switch up the relay (as intendeed that soil is already quite humid).

You can change parameters from the setting page. In the table is showed how to change values. try first to set the clock time.

Step 5:

Before connecting 220v to relays, try relays with lower voltage devices , like 9v circuits or 9v lamps, and check that everything works fine. Then box the project.

NOW SWITCH OFF THE MAIN ELECTRIC POWER to connect relays.

Use mammooths to connect the the wires. Be sure there's nothing electrical dangerous you can touch when you open the box. Safety is the first thing. Enjoy your Datura home automation project!!