Open-source 3/4/5S Lithium BMS

In this Instructable the design of the BMS345 will be explained. The design is fully open-source, the design files can be found in the GitHub link in the last step. There is also a limited supply available on Tindie.

The BMS345 is a BatteryManagementSystem that supports 3, 4 and 5 cells lithium-ion packs. If you build/buy a pack with unprotected cells, this PCB can be added to handle protection and charging. This includes:

• Under/overvoltage protection
• Overcurrent (/shortcircuit) protection
• Cell balancing
• MPPT charging

The documentation will be divided into:

1. Protection
2. Charging
3. Configuration
4. The end product

Enjoy :)

Step 1: Protection

The protection is handled by the TI BQ77915.

• The input resistors are 1K, which sets balancing current to 4mA/cell
• The header is the commonly used JST-XH 4/5/6P depending on the configuration
• A NTC can be connected to header J5, but this features is disabled by default by R26
• The negative connection is switched by a dual N-channel mosfet (NVMFD5C466NL)
• The current sense resistor is 2x8m (4m equivalent) ohm, setting the current protection to 15A

Step 2: Charging

The charging is handled by the TI BQ24650

• D1 shows the charging status, an external LED can be connected via J4
• R30 sets the charge current to 1A
• Temperature sensing is disabled by R13/R14/C14
• MPPT voltage is set to 17.2V by R22 and R28
• The mosfets are the same dual-package type as is used in the protection circuit
• The default charge voltage is 4.2V, which barely trips the overvoltage protection of the BQ77915. It is recommended to populate R36 with 22M to lower the charge voltage to 4.05V/cell. This avoids false over-voltage triggering.

Charging can be done from a 24V 1A supply or even a solar panel (only for 3/4S configurations).

Step 3: Configuration

This header can be just with jumpers to set the configuration.

Step 4: End Product

You can add the PCB to a Vruzend system as seen in the picture, but it is also suited for RC lipo and regular spot-welded packs.

Link to Tindie:

https://www.tindie.com/products/zoudio/bms345-prot...

Link to github

https://github.com/ZOUDIO/BMS345

Thanks for reading.

Comments

[gabriele.marocco83]

Thanks for having shared the project. I have followed the schematics. Should the pad 6 of J2 be connected to the net PACK+? Thanks

[mervedamar]

Hi everyone. Why did you need another integrated for charging? Can we meet the requirement of BQ77915?
look
https://www.dideo.ir/v/yt/LfiUsEfSQec/getting-star...
this is for charge and protection. am ı right?

[lutkeveld]

BQ77915 can only do protection. BQ24650 is needed for charging from PSU.

[mervedamar]

oh yes ı got it. So which product code was used? ı mean like BQ7791500?

[lutkeveld]

BQ7791500PWR

[mervedamar]

What is the difference between 50mA and 4mA balancing current?

[lutkeveld]

Faster balancing, better for bigger packs. But then you need external mosfet to handle the current

[mervedamar]

dear so why you choose balancing current is 4mA?

[faisal.kabir730]

Hi! nice work. can u please provide schematic diagram of this in Proteus or other software format file so we can simulate it for our better understanding? regards.

[hostingfloor]

I just have a doubt here. i am a newbie. In the whole BMS. where to take the output voltage for connecting any load or device? like where to take voltage to power an external device?

[lutkeveld]

At the PACK+ and PACK- pads

[MarcellS2]

Well done!