Red Safety Lights for Telescope Tripod Made From Scrap

As an enthusiastic amateur astronomer I love sharing the views of the night sky through my telescope. At this time of year we have a lot of people on summer vacation staying at the gîte in our farm lane. Enthusiasm is infectious and I often have the opportunity to show them the major objects of interest (moon, planets, galaxies etc.). I have an old military (U.S. Army) wooden tripod that came with the telescope when I bought it second-hand many years ago. It is painted dark green, is difficult therefore to see, is extremely well-built and heavy and if a child were to trip or stub a toe on it, would spoil what for many is first light. In addition, there would be a risk of an adult misaligning the telescope or even knocking it over. In order to avoid these scenarios, I decided that I needed a set of red lights to pinpoint each foot effectively.

Supplies

MATERIALS

An old garland of battery-powered fairy lights (must include red)

2 crocodile leads

Length of 2 core flex cable

Solder

Insulating tape

Electrical connecting block

Cable ties

TOOLS

Wire cutters

Wire strippers

Soldering iron

Screw driver

Step 1: Why Red?

Simply put red light helps with maintaining scotopic aka night vision.

The eye is very good at adapting to low levels of light aka dark adaption and it does this is two ways:

• Physically - dilation of the pupil - the iris opens quickly to let more light in.
• Chemically - rhodopsin increase - when in the dark the rods and cones build up a pigment, which is responsible for increasing the sensitivity of our eyes thus adapting them to the darkness.

Your retina detects light through cells known as rods and cones. There are three types of cones sensitive to wavelengths, these detect colors: red, green and blue. Rods are just of one type, are more numerous than cones and are much more sensitive to light but unable to give us information about color.

Cones become dark adapted after a few minutes but rods can take over half an hour.

If a bright light is shone on the eyes, then both rods and cones lose their dark adapted nature and will need a rhodopsin 'reset' to enable them to regain this ability. That is of little matter to the cones but a major disruption to the rods and thus a long interruption in our viewing time.

Cones are of major use in daylight but rods become more sensitive as the light fades to show us the night sky in all its beauty.

Rods are most sensitive at around 500 nanometers, which is in the green to cyan range of the spectrum. Since rods are less sensitive to red light (below 650nm) you can use a red light source to view things without ruining your night vision by 'over-exposing' the rods.

Step 2: Dead Fairy Lights Repurposed

There is nothing so sorry looking as a garland of Fairy lights with some of the bulbs diminished or dead. You feel you can't throw them away as some of the lamps are burning bravely but then if you trim a tree in Winter or put them up in the garden in the Summer, they look so pathetically bare. Well the great news is you can use them individually. I've recycled them before and will continue to give these jolly little twinkling lights a second chance. I find that the fault in the lights usually occurs in a single lamp or as in the above case in one of the wires, rendering half the garland dimmed for good. The lights here are battery powered LEDs, which make them ideal for upcycling to tripod lights, as they have both the required battery pack and switch.

The first thing I did was to locate the lights of the correct colour. The garland had four colours blue, green, red and yellow and as you can see only the first two were working. So, to find the red lights I cut the pairs of wires midway leading into and out of the non-working LEDs. I removed approximately ¼"of insulation from the pair of wires going into the LED from one side of the garland and conected them with crocodile clips to the similarly stripped wires coming from the battery pack. Turning it on the colour of the lamp can be clearly seen.

Each red lamp found that way was marked with red insulation tape to keep it identifiable. I cut off the other two wires leading from the LED as they are not needed. Once I had my three red LEDs prepared I then went onto the next step, that of connecting them to the battery pack.

The battery pack was to be hung from a hook underneath the top plate of the tripod and connecting wires to each of the LEDs would go down each leg to the LEDs at the feet.
Left: Shows the pack in position at the end of the project.

Step 3: Recuperated Flex Upcycled

I'd been storing a length of two core flex from a power tool that had malfunctioned for the last time and decided to use this. It was of sufficient length to be cut into three equal lengths to run the length of each leg from the feet to the battery pack. They were cut as to allow for the adjustment of the legs on uneven ground and to adjust the working height of the telescope when observing objects nearer the celestial pole.

Each end of the flex had its outer sheath removed to expose 1" - 2" of the wires within which were then stripped of the first ½" of insulation.

Step 4: Putting It All Together

The LEDs were to be connected in parallel to the power supply.

Firstly I soldered each LED to its respective length of flex. At the other end, I twisted together the wires of each flex connected to one side of each LED and then twisted together the other three wires connected to the other side of each LED.

I made a quick check that all my soldered connections were good by temporarily connecting the battery pack to the two connection of the twisted together flex ensuring that the soldered connections did not come in contact with each other. Three lit up lamps meant success so I immediately turned off the power and wrapped each soldiered joint in insulating tape.

The LEDs and flex could now be put into place on the tripod legs. I secured them in position with cable ties, ensuring that there was a loop left in each flex to allow for leg length adjustment.

A small electrical connecting block was used to connect the other ends of the flex to the battery pack.

Step 5: Lighting Ceremony

The arrangement worked perfectly, at night the feet of the tripod were clearly visible without any obvious adverse effect on my night-adapted eyes.

Because of the festive origin of the lights, the battery pack had eight functions relating to the garland's display. So not only can the tripod have permanent illumination but also a twinkling on/off sequence which seems to draw even more attention to the feet. The 'slow fade', 'sequential' and 'fast fade' though, I felt were not as effective for the new role of the LEDs!

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Dark Skies!

Cheers, Andy