Introduction: Six Wheeled All Terrain Vehicle (6WD)

By Exp in physics and electronics
About: I am an Undergraduate student majoring in physics from IISc, Bangalore. I am just a guy who love to build tech stuff and make them look good.

Hello,

In this post we"ll be making a Six wheel drive all terrain vehicle (ATV). These are rare and hence expensive robots (at least in India). I made this ATV as my summer project. Dagu manufactures a similar 6WD chassis but its way too expensive (Rs 20000 / $ 250). So I decided to make a cheap Six Wheel drive(6WD) - All terrain vehicle(ATV) chassis out of aluminium and steel and then control it with an android mobile phone using HC-05 Bluetooth module. If you don't know how to use a HC-05 bluetooth module see my previous instructable here for the guidelines. Of course one can make various sorts of autonomous robots with this chassis using different control systems. I will be using an arduino Mega 2560 as the brains of this robot. Alright, so lets go ahead talk about various steps involved in making such a vehicle.

Step 1: The Design

People think that while building a robot electronics and coding are the two main steps. But its not true, in fact design is the mother-ship. If you got that part right it will reflect in the rest of the system. A good design could provide better efficiency, low cost, good looks etc. The elegant design of this chassis is the best bit of this project.

I didn't arrive at this design in a day but it took me three prototype to arrive at this one. You can see some of the prototype designs in the photos above. These were made from plywood and were heavy so I thought replacing plywood with aluminium sheet.

Now, the first question that strikes is: Why a six wheel drive for an ATV? As the name suggests a six wheel drive (6wd) means a drive system in which all the six wheels are able to move independently. Well to be honest there is nothing special in 6WD unless you provide a real nice suspension system. Individual tyre suspension gives better traction and more torque on an uneven surface. This design is inspired by six legged insects, although it doesn't has legs but it sure has similar flexibility.

Step 2: Making the Chassis

There are many other options available in the market if you want a six wheel drive chassis. The reason this product stands out is that its cost effective. I spent Rs 2000 (approx. $33) on this project.

Material/Parts required are:

  • Aluminium sheet.
  • 12 L shaped motor brackets (steel).
  • Six high torque motors.
  • Six high traction wheels (10 cm diameter).
  • PVC pipe (diameter just greater than motors).
  • Screws and nuts.
  • A hammer and a nail (for making holes in aluminium sheet).
  • Nylon ties

After having all the required material here is what you nee to do next:

  1. Cut the Aluminum sheet into 32 by 12 cm.
  2. Make six pieces of PVC pipe of length just greater than that of motors.
  3. Make four perpendicular diametrically opposite holes in the PVC pipe.
  4. Fit motors into PVC pipe such that holes are on the inner side.
  5. Divide the aluminium sheet into 3 sections by marking with a sketch pen.
  6. Place two L shaped motor brackets on Al sheet and mark positions such that motor just fits in.
  7. Make holes on these positions using a hammer and a nail.
  8. Affix the brackets using screws and nuts.
  9. Screw nuts into bracket and holes on PVC to affix motors.
  10. Tie two opposite motors with nylon ties.

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Step 3: Adding a Control System

Now that we have build the chassis, we have to decide how we want it to work. In general, there are two control systems.

  1. AI-Automation
  2. Remote control

Automating a robot is a challenge. It is definitely difficult to implement than remote control. In this project we are keeping both options open by installing an arduino for automation. This arduino is also connected to a Bluetooth module (See PCB) which can be used for remote control. In remote control the actual brain behind movement of robot is a human brain, now imagine if a human brain is aided by a little touch of automation (example: automation an help in object contact avoidance).

I controlled the ATV through an android device via bluetooth. There are a lot of apps available on playstore for controlling arduino via bluetooth. I used Arduino BT Joystick. You can download it by clicking here.

I have attached circuit diagram and code at the end of this instructable.

Obviously, there is no limit to what you can do with this chassis. So if you got some interesting ideas please share them with me in comments. Thank you for reading.

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