Introduction: Toggle Switch With Relay Using Arduino

By
About: An Electrical Engineering Teacher in Athens Greece. Most of these small projects here, are constructed for enhancing the learning of the use of Arduino as well as basic electricity and electronics for students…

Trying to make things easier and clear for school students I made this little project.
The obove schematic shows the connections
Parts:
1 - relay
2 - resistors 330Ohm
1- transistor NPN 2N2222
1- diode 1N4148
1 - pushbutton.
1 - LED

The button is connetcted internally with pullup resistor.
The diode is needed to stop the voltage (sometimes more then 4 times when the current is stopped from the coil) coming back from the coil of the relay. This is known as a "flywheel diode".

How it works: Here I used one button working as a toggle switch, which turns on and off instead of two buttons.
For a load on the relay I used just a single Led and a resistor.

Step 1: Finding Out the Coil and the Contacts

This part for most simular projects is neglected. Take you Ohmmeter and find where the coil terminals are. It will have a value more or less then 100Ohm. Find where the contacts without voltage on the coil are closed NC (normally closed) ~0Ohm. Do the same with the other contacts NO (normally open) open circuit resistance

Step 2: Transistor Connections

Looking at the picture and according to the schematic connect properly the transistor according
E (emitter), B (base), C (collector)

Step 3: The Code

/*********************
Simple toggle switch
Created by: P.Agiakatsikas
*********************/
int button = 8;
int led = 13 
int status = false;
void setup(){  
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);  
pinMode(button, INPUT_PULLUP); // set the internal pull up resistor, unpressed button is HIGH 
}
void loop(){  
 //a) if the button is not pressed the false status is reversed by !status and the LED turns on   
//b) if the button is pressed the true status is reveresed by !status and the LED turns off   
if (digitalRead(button) == true) {     
status = !status;    
digitalWrite(led, status);   
} while(digitalRead(button) == true); 
delay(50); // keeps a small delay 
}

Step 4: Proteus Circuit

If you are using Proteus here is the file.

A very simple version of the toggle switch was in my previous post here
https://www.instructables.com/id/Most-Simplest-Toggle-Switch-With-Arduino/

Attachments