Introduction: Arduino Power Glove
Have you ever heard of the Nintendo power glove?
It is a bit like that but way more DIY. Imagine yourself being able to control a game just by moving your hand
(with a glove that is).
Here is a screenshot of a game I made to use this control.
It is a game made in the Unity3D game engine using some libraries and custom code
to move a ship between pillars by rolling and pitching your hand.
What you’ll you need to create your own game/project
- The MPU-650 gyroscope chip
- Arduino Uno (or one with more ports like the Arduino Mega)
- Arduino wires (schematic is below)
- Soldering tools (the MPU-650 has to be soldered)
- A copy of my Arduino code (the original code can be found at https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib by Jeff Rowberg). My modified version should only spit out yawValue,picthValue,rollValue over the serial monitor which you can read in the code language for your project. The code is found in step 2.
- Perfboard (a regular sized plate should be enough, it is recommended to buy ones with copper strips instead of just copper rings)
- A glove
- (Double sided) sticky tape for mounting the gyro and other components as needed.
- (Optional) a small casefor the gyro to be in (i.e. when you stick it onto a glove)
- (Optional) Long insulated wire (4 or more strands) (at least 60cm)
- (Optional) 6 LEDs (2 times 3 different colors, i.e. 2x red, 2x yellow, 2x green)
- (For Unity users) A copy of the Ardity library: https://ardity.dwilches.com/.
Step 1: Wiring
Wire your components as per the above.
Be sure to only wire the MPU-650 gyro.
(If you want to put the gyroscope on i.e. a glove, like I did, use the insulated wire between the Arduino ports and the gyroscope.)
Step 2: Upload the Code to Your Arduino
Upload this code to Arduino.
Credits for the original code go to Jeff Rowberg at https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib.
The code will spit out gyroscope values similar to 123,123,123 which stands for the yaw, pitch and roll axis respectively.
// I2C device class (I2Cdev) demonstration Arduino sketch for MPU6050 class using DMP (MotionApps v2.0)
// 6/21/2012 by Jeff Rowberg // Updates should (hopefully) always be available at https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib // // Changelog: // 2013-05-08 - added seamless Fastwire support // - added note about gyro calibration // 2012-06-21 - added note about Arduino 1.0.1 + Leonardo compatibility error // 2012-06-20 - improved FIFO overflow handling and simplified read process // 2012-06-19 - completely rearranged DMP initialization code and simplification // 2012-06-13 - pull gyro and accel data from FIFO packet instead of reading directly // 2012-06-09 - fix broken FIFO read sequence and change interrupt detection to RISING // 2012-06-05 - add gravity-compensated initial reference frame acceleration output // - add 3D math helper file to DMP6 example sketch // - add Euler output and Yaw/Pitch/Roll output formats // 2012-06-04 - remove accel offset clearing for better results (thanks Sungon Lee) // 2012-06-01 - fixed gyro sensitivity to be 2000 deg/sec instead of 250 // 2012-05-30 - basic DMP initialization working/* ============================================ I2Cdev device library code is placed under the MIT license Copyright (c) 2012 Jeff Rowberg
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. =============================================== *
/ I2Cdev and MPU6050 must be installed as libraries, or else the .cpp/.h files // for both classes must be in the include path of your project #include "I2Cdev.h"
#include "MPU6050_6Axis_MotionApps20.h" //#include "MPU6050.h" // not necessary if using MotionApps include file
// Arduino Wire library is required if I2Cdev I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE implementation // is used in I2Cdev.h #if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE #include "Wire.h" #endif
// class default I2C address is 0x68 // specific I2C addresses may be passed as a parameter here // AD0 low = 0x68 (default for SparkFun breakout and InvenSense evaluation board) // AD0 high = 0x69 MPU6050 mpu; //MPU6050 mpu(0x69); // <-- use for AD0 high
/* ========================================================================= NOTE: In addition to connection 3.3v, GND, SDA, and SCL, this sketch depends on the MPU-6050's INT pin being connected to the Arduino's external interrupt #0 pin. On the Arduino Uno and Mega 2560, this is digital I/O pin 2. * ========================================================================= *
* ========================================================================= NOTE: Arduino v1.0.1 with the Leonardo board generates a compile error when using Serial.write(buf, len). The Teapot output uses this method. The solution requires a modification to the Arduino USBAPI.h file, which is fortunately simple, but annoying. This will be fixed in the next IDE release. For more info, see these links:
http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/topic,109987.0.... http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/topic,109987.0.... * ========================================================================= *
/ uncomment "OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL" if you want to see the yaw/ // pitch/roll angles (in degrees) calculated from the quaternions coming // from the FIFO. Note this also requires gravity vector calculations. // Also note that yaw/pitch/roll angles suffer from gimbal lock (for // more info, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimbal_lock) #define OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL
#define LED_PIN 13 // (Arduino is 13, Teensy is 11, Teensy++ is 6) bool blinkState = false;
// MPU control/status vars bool dmpReady = false; // set true if DMP init was successful uint8_t mpuIntStatus; // holds actual interrupt status byte from MPU uint8_t devStatus; // return status after each device operation (0 = success, !0 = error) uint16_t packetSize; // expected DMP packet size (default is 42 bytes) uint16_t fifoCount; // count of all bytes currently in FIFO uint8_t fifoBuffer[64]; // FIFO storage buffer
// orientation/motion vars Quaternion q; // [w, x, y, z] quaternion container VectorInt16 aa; // [x, y, z] accel sensor measurements VectorInt16 aaReal; // [x, y, z] gravity-free accel sensor measurements VectorInt16 aaWorld; // [x, y, z] world-frame accel sensor measurements VectorFloat gravity; // [x, y, z] gravity vector float euler[3]; // [psi, theta, phi] Euler angle container float ypr[3]; // [yaw, pitch, roll] yaw/pitch/roll container and gravity vector
// packet structure for InvenSense teapot demo uint8_t teapotPacket[14] = { '$', 0x02, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0, 0x00, 0x00, '\r', '\n' };
// ================================================================ // === INTERRUPT DETECTION ROUTINE === // ================================================================
volatile bool mpuInterrupt = false; // indicates whether MPU interrupt pin has gone high void dmpDataReady() { mpuInterrupt = true; }
bool flashLight = false;
int prevMillis; int loopRate = 20;
// ================================================================ // === INITIAL SETUP === // ================================================================
void setup() { // join I2C bus (I2Cdev library doesn't do this automatically) #if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE Wire.begin(); TWBR = 24; // 400kHz I2C clock (200kHz if CPU is 8MHz) #elif I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_BUILTIN_FASTWIRE Fastwire::setup(400, true); #endif
pinMode(8, OUTPUT); pinMode(9, OUTPUT); pinMode(10, OUTPUT); pinMode(11, OUTPUT); pinMode(12, OUTPUT); pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(8, HIGH); digitalWrite(9, HIGH); digitalWrite(10, HIGH); digitalWrite(11, HIGH); digitalWrite(12, HIGH); digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
// initialize serial communication // (115200 chosen because it is required for Teapot Demo output, but it's // really up to you depending on your project) Serial.begin(9600); while (!Serial); // wait for Leonardo enumeration, others continue immediately
// NOTE: 8MHz or slower host processors, like the Teensy @ 3.3v or Ardunio // Pro Mini running at 3.3v, cannot handle this baud rate reliably due to // the baud timing being too misaligned with processor ticks. You must use // 38400 or slower in these cases, or use some kind of external separate // crystal solution for the UART timer.
// initialize device //Serial.println(F("Initializing I2C devices...")); mpu.initialize();
// verify connection //Serial.println(F("Testing device connections...")); //Serial.println(mpu.testConnection() ? F("MPU6050 connection successful") : F("MPU6050 connection failed"));
// wait for ready //Serial.println(F("\nSend any character to begin DMP programming and demo: ")); //while (Serial.available() && Serial.read()); // empty buffer //while (!Serial.available()); // wait for data //while (Serial.available() && Serial.read()); // empty buffer again
// load and configure the DMP //Serial.println(F("Initializing DMP...")); devStatus = mpu.dmpInitialize();
// supply your own gyro offsets here, scaled for min sensitivity mpu.setXGyroOffset(220); mpu.setYGyroOffset(76); mpu.setZGyroOffset(-85); mpu.setZAccelOffset(1788); // 1688 factory default for my test chip
// make sure it worked (returns 0 if so) if (devStatus == 0) { // turn on the DMP, now that it's ready //Serial.println(F("Enabling DMP...")); mpu.setDMPEnabled(true);
// enable Arduino interrupt detection //Serial.println(F("Enabling interrupt detection (Arduino external interrupt 0)...")); attachInterrupt(0, dmpDataReady, RISING); mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();
// set our DMP Ready flag so the main loop() function knows it's okay to use it //Serial.println(F("DMP ready! Waiting for first interrupt...")); dmpReady = true;
// get expected DMP packet size for later comparison packetSize = mpu.dmpGetFIFOPacketSize(); } else { // ERROR! // 1 = initial memory load failed // 2 = DMP configuration updates failed // (if it's going to break, usually the code will be 1) Serial.print(F("DMP Initialization failed (code ")); Serial.print(devStatus); Serial.println(F(")")); }
Serial.write("Initialize"); // configure LED for output pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
//ledLoop();
ledLoop(); }
// ================================================================ // === MAIN PROGRAM LOOP === // ================================================================
void loop() { // if programming failed, don't try to do anything if (!dmpReady) return;
// wait for MPU interrupt or extra packet(s) available while (!mpuInterrupt && fifoCount < packetSize) { // other program behavior stuff here // . // . // . // if you are really paranoid you can frequently test in between other // stuff to see if mpuInterrupt is true, and if so, "break;" from the // while() loop to immediately process the MPU data // . // . // . }
// reset interrupt flag and get INT_STATUS byte mpuInterrupt = false; mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();
// get current FIFO count fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
// check for overflow (this should never happen unless our code is too inefficient) if ((mpuIntStatus & 0x10) || fifoCount == 1024) { // reset so we can continue cleanly mpu.resetFIFO(); Serial.println(F("FIFO overflow!"));
// otherwise, check for DMP data ready interrupt (this should happen frequently) } else if (mpuIntStatus & 0x02) { // wait for correct available data length, should be a VERY short wait while (fifoCount < packetSize) fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
// read a packet from FIFO mpu.getFIFOBytes(fifoBuffer, packetSize); // track FIFO count here in case there is > 1 packet available // (this lets us immediately read more without waiting for an interrupt) fifoCount -= packetSize;
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_QUATERNION // display quaternion values in easy matrix form: w x y z mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer); Serial.print("quat\t"); Serial.print(q.w); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.print(q.x); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.print(q.y); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.println(q.z); #endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_EULER // display Euler angles in degrees mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer); mpu.dmpGetEuler(euler, &q); Serial.print("euler\t"); Serial.print(euler[0] * 180/M_PI); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.print(euler[1] * 180/M_PI); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.println(euler[2] * 180/M_PI); #endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL // display Euler angles in degrees mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer); mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q); mpu.dmpGetYawPitchRoll(ypr, &q, &gravity); //Serial.print("ypr\t"); Serial.print(ypr[0] * 180/M_PI); Serial.print(","); Serial.print(ypr[1] * 180/M_PI); Serial.print(","); Serial.println(ypr[2] * 180/M_PI); #endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_REALACCEL // display real acceleration, adjusted to remove gravity mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer); mpu.dmpGetAccel(&aa, fifoBuffer); mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q); mpu.dmpGetLinearAccel(&aaReal, &aa, &gravity); Serial.print("areal\t"); Serial.print(aaReal.x); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.print(aaReal.y); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.println(aaReal.z); #endif
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_WORLDACCEL // display initial world-frame acceleration, adjusted to remove gravity // and rotated based on known orientation from quaternion mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer); mpu.dmpGetAccel(&aa, fifoBuffer); mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q); mpu.dmpGetLinearAccel(&aaReal, &aa, &gravity); mpu.dmpGetLinearAccelInWorld(&aaWorld, &aaReal, &q); Serial.print("aworld\t"); Serial.print(aaWorld.x); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.print(aaWorld.y); Serial.print("\t"); Serial.println(aaWorld.z); #endif #ifdef OUTPUT_TEAPOT // display quaternion values in InvenSense Teapot demo format: teapotPacket[2] = fifoBuffer[0]; teapotPacket[3] = fifoBuffer[1]; teapotPacket[4] = fifoBuffer[4]; teapotPacket[5] = fifoBuffer[5]; teapotPacket[6] = fifoBuffer[8]; teapotPacket[7] = fifoBuffer[9]; teapotPacket[8] = fifoBuffer[12]; teapotPacket[9] = fifoBuffer[13]; Serial.write(teapotPacket, 14); teapotPacket[11]++; // packetCount, loops at 0xFF on purpose #endif
/* // blink LED to indicate activity blinkState = !blinkState; digitalWrite(LED_PIN, blinkState); */
/* if(ypr[2] * 180/M_PI < 0){ if(flashLight == false){ flashLight = true;
flash(9);//RED LED } } */ }
delay(50);
if(millis() - prevMillis >= loopRate){ ledLoop(); }
}
/* void flash(int pinNumber){ digitalWrite(pinNumber, HIGH); delay(10); digitalWrite(pinNumber, LOW); delay(10); digitalWrite(pinNumber, HIGH); delay(10); digitalWrite(pinNumber, LOW); delay(10);
Serial.print("flash!"); flashLight = false; } */
void ledLoop(){ if(ypr[2] < 0){//Left digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(30);
digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,LOW);
}
if(ypr[2] >= 0){//Right digitalWrite(11,HIGH); digitalWrite(12,HIGH); delay(30);
digitalWrite(11,LOW); digitalWrite(12,LOW);
}
if(ypr[1] >= 0){//Up digitalWrite(10,HIGH); delay(30);
digitalWrite(10,LOW);
}
if(ypr[1] < 0){//Down digitalWrite(10,HIGH); }
prevMillis = millis(); }
Step 3: (Optional) Implement the Ardity Library
For Unity users, I would advise taking a look at https://ardity.dwilches.com/.
Ardity is a simple library which takes care of sending and receiving Serial data from the Arduino.
Without it, my code became overloaded and Unity and the game froze at startup 9/10 times as I try to handle the receiving myself.
Why receive a billion packages at your front door when the mailman could just put it into your infinitely (at least until you run out of memory) mailbox!
*Ardity’s Serial Controller Prefab*.GetComponent().ReadSerialMessage();
This will get the current line which Arduino sent over Serial Data.
Be sure to check the Ardity prefab and set the COM port value to the same as the Arduino (i.e. COM4 for me).
Step 4: (Optional) LED There Be Light!
I've got LEDs hooked up to give an extra indication of how you're controlling your vehicle/player.
Just as on a boat, red is left and green is right. The yellow LED will blink if you go up and stay lit if you go down.
I have wires for the red LEDs in port 8 and 9, a wire for the yellow LED in port 10 and wires for the green LEDs in port 11 and 12.
For saving ports: I’ve put all the negative sides of the LEDs in series so there is only one ground wire coming from the LEDs.
You've even made it to the last optional step!
If you decide to build this project or use it in any commercial way, credit Jeff Rowberg for most of the Arduino code and Ardity if you use their Unity library.
Enjoy :)
