Introduction: Newton´s Pendulum With Electricity
My English is not very good, I will try to explain as best as possible and sorry if I make mistakes in my pronunciation
I did this project with an educational purpose, because it is funny and mesmerizing fashion into which flows the electricity through the bulbs. I think that is a good tool to teach people the principle of Newton's pendulum, because traditional pendulum only looks at the ends "balls" move.
Instructable en Español:
https://www.instructables.com/id/Péndulo-De-Newton-...
Dedicated to: my mother and father for the support, and my friend Oscar Mendez.
Step 1: Materials
1 computer
1 Arduino software
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software
1 Arduino Mega
CR: http://www.crcibernetica.com/arduino-mega-2560-re...
Other country: https://www.sparkfun.com/products/11061
1 USB Cable A to B for arduino Mega
CR: http://www.microjpm.com/products/cable-usb-a-b-1-...
Other country: https://www.sparkfun.com/products/512
1 Relay shield of 16 channels
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0057OC66U?keywor...
1 supply or adapter to relay shield
http://www.amazon.com/BINZET-100-240V-Converter-Ad...
10 Bulbs of 40-60 W
They are in a lamp shop.
10 sockets to bulbs
They are in Amazon http://www.amazon.com/Adapters-JACKYLED-Standard-...
20 meters of speaker cable
http://www.amazon.com/AmazonBasics-16-Gauge-Speake...
Cables Female-Male
CR: http://www.crcibernetica.com/jumper-wires-connect...
Other country: http://www.amazon.com/Phantom-dupont-cable-200mm-...
2 Solenoid
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00DN7BFDS?psc=1&...
1 24 V Supply for solenoids
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00ANFJ26U?psc=1&...
1 Dimmer
They are in Hardware
Very Gathas
They are in Hardware
Tin solder
CR: http://www.microjpm.com/products/tubo-soldadura-2...
Other country: http://www.amazon.com/Elenco-Lead-Solder-0-031-Sc...
Solder
CR: http://www.microjpm.com/products/cautin-weller-sp...
Other country: http://www.amazon.com/Weller-SP40NKUS-Watt-Solder...
3 rules of wood's structure (measures to convenience of the maker).
1 drill and drill bit for wood, are available at hardware stores
Optional (intelligent system shutdown)
1 Smartphone
1 Arduino
You can use the arduino that want to, even one cheap and simple, since we care only for 1 function. In my case, I'll use the Arduino UNO
1 Relay Shield of 1 or 2 channels
CR: http://www.crcibernetica.com/2-channel-5v-relay-m...
http://www.microjpm.com/products/a2-channels-5v-re...
Other Country: http://www.amazon.com/2-Channel-Module-Shield-Ard...
1 Bluetooth Shield
CR: http://www.microjpm.com/products/modulo-arduino-b...
Other Country: http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0093XAV4U?keywo...
1 Cable usb for Arduino
***The links to where you can get the materials have done so based on the sites more comfortable, since the idea is that the project is interesting and cheap, despite the amount of materials that are occupied. If you are outside of Costa Rica you can use links from Sparkfun or Amazon, and while you are in Costa Rica sites there are comfortable as MicroJPM or CRCibernetica.***
Step 2: Programming of Sequence of Lights and Movement of Solenoids.
Attached archive programming .ino, explaining how it works with comments in spanish.
Initially I thought of using the "for" loop function, however we need to keep on the solenoids and switch them off only a few seconds to turn it on again, the best way I found was programmed that way. However if you know of another way to let know ;)
Attachments
Step 3: Build the Circuit
At this stage we must connect our Arduino Mega digital outputs PIN to pin input forrelay module. To make it more easy we will guide with the table above ↑
We must remember the power of both plates, we will make connections but we will not give them food until the end. The Arduino Mega can be powered in two ways, through USB or the input DC.
With regard to the module relays... plate arduino do a node or a power from the + 5v to the + both rows of pin 5v of the module relays, in the same way with the land (GND), both rows of PIN must be fed. The entire card of the relay module must feed it with an adapter or at least 500mA 12V supply.
Beside the rows of pins there a blue socket with 2 pins or screws, place GND and + 12V adapter. Connections to the relays with the arduino module will do them with the male-female Jumpers.
Please be careful with the polarity, connect well feed, since it can affect the plate. As it says the phrase... "We measure 2 times and cut 1" will be as well working insurance :)
Step 4: Weld the Sockets of the Bulbs to the Audio Cables
Here we will use the soldering iron and the solder to connect the audio cables that is the way through which will be electricity, to the bases of the bulbs.
The distance of cable for each bulb is 1 meter for both lines (1 m for positive and 1 negative m).
Warning: Do not touch parts welded, CABLES, or BASES of the bulbs, when project is FUELED, as can OCACIONARTE damage.
Despite warning not to touch the bases welded during operation of the pendulum, can be optionally coated with heat-shrinkable "metal antennas" to be more secure.
Step 5: Attach the Sockets of the Bulbs to a Ruler or Thin Table.
We will seek a ruler or thin table, and on it will be adding the bases of the bulbs with the help of glue, we will do this with the bulbs already placed in the foundations, the ideal is that they are with a distance between bulb and bulb around 3 mm. Thin table will make the bulbs keep on assumption during operation.
Finally cut the excess rule or thin table.
PS: SHOULD NOT STICK THE 2 BULBS OF THE ENDS, ARE THOSE WHO HAVE MOVEMENT.
Warning: Do not touch parts welded, CABLES, or BASES of the bulbs, when project is FUELED, as can OCACIONARTE damage
Step 6: Place the Solenoids
Put the solenoids using gauze and adhesive on the back of the rule or table that we use for the bulbs. We must make an additive or mechanism of thrust which we will stick to the solenoid piston as shown in the pictures, can be a hard cardboard or wooden pallets. Additive or mechanism should be sufficiently long to achieve hit and push the bulb.
Wires that reach the solenoids should be at the top table where we made holes.
Step 7: Drilling Wood to Insert the Bulbs Wiring
With the help of a tape measure, we'll mark the half of our table top, which will be the bulbs hanging.
In the marked half will make 2 holes vertical, one over another, with a considerabledistance (approx. 3 cm) to insert the cables of the light bulbs, we will do the same with all bulbs. The distance between the pairs of holes of each bulb can be 4 cm.
We will place this top table on tables that we will use to the sides as a base or structure.
Remember: Do not touch parts welded, Cables, or Sockets of the bulbs, when project is FUELED, as can cause damage.
Step 8: Insert the Cables of the Bulbs Into the Holes in the Upper Table
We will introduce the cables that connected to the bases of the bulbs and solenoids, aesthetics put the negative line forward and the positive back.
Step 9: Connection of Module Relay With Lamps and Solenoids.
At this stage will connect the bases of the bulbs (already with its welded speaker cables) and solenoids to each relay of the module, follow the image 2 ↑ table.
The designations "k #" can see them in the relay module printed, to know which number of relay we are using.
By that I did not use the 12 relay?
It is not that I forgot it, what happened was that the relay broke and does not work, so I used the 13.
REMEMBER: DO NOT TOUCH THE MODULE RELAYS, PARTS WELDED, CABLES OR BASES OF THE BULBS, WHEN PROJECT IS FUELED, AS CAN CAUSE DAMAGE
Step 10: How to Connect the Bulbs and Solenoids to the Relays?
Now well... how connect physically lamps and solenoids to the relays?
The bulbs are composed of 2 cables, take 1 cable for each bulb and connect it to the rele(preferiblemente el cable que contenga la linea negativa), the other wire will connect it to food directly, as we can see in the picture 1 ↑.
Solenoids are used the same procedure, but the power of the solenoids in my case will be with 24 v supply
The final circuit should stand as the second image. With the exception of solenoids,ranging to the power supply 24v.
PD: Por error yo incluí 11 bombillos en el dibujo, pero realmente son 10. Por lo que no utilizaremos el espacio numero 12 del modulo de revés.
Remember: Do not touch the module RELAYS, parts welded, CABLES or Sockets of the bulbs, when project is FUELED, as can cause damage.
Step 11: Connecting the Dimmer
The dimmer function is to vary the intensity of light from the incandescent bulbs. This gives us the option of giving more brightness or a light more tenuous, according to our taste.
We will do the connection of the dimmer in the following manner:
1. Locate the 2 wires of main power going to the bulbs.
2. Choose 1 cable main power going to the bulbs, cut it and simply in the middle of the Court, will connect the dimmer.
3. the dimmer has 2 terminals with screws, which we will introduce the cables that were cut.
Step 12: View Progress
Thus the Assembly must stand.
Step 13: Structure and Base
The structure and the basis I think that more is a point of imagination and requirements of the maker, depending on the place where you intend to install, available space, portability, etc.
I've done it in the following way, using angles and simple tables I have built cross-shaped bases, and lateral structures have placed a few hinges to fold the pendulum and move it easily from one place to another.
Step 14: Intelligent Pendulum... Step 1. Create the APP
1.We make the APP at appinventor.com
*I have attached a PDF file where I explain how to make the application for the smartphone. Since the idea is to understand how the APP and commands, not just copyand paste the code.
Attachments
Step 15: Programming the Arduino Intelligent Ignition
Attachment file .ino of programming with comments of how it works.
Attachments
Step 16: The Intelligent Ignition Circuit
We then the circuit as shown in the previous picture.
Bluetooth Shield:
Pin vcc to Pin vcc of arduino
Pin gnd to Pin gnd of arduino
Pin tx to Pin rx of arduino
Pin rx to Pin tx of arduino
Relay Shield:
Pin Vcc to Pin vcc of arduino
Pin gnd to Pin gnd of arduino
Pin in1 to Digital pin 10 of Arduino
We can see the result in the video below.
Attachments
Step 17: We Have Finish Maker!
Remember: Do not touch the module RELAYS, parts welded, CABLES or BASES of the bulbs, when project is FUELED, as can cause damage
Instructable en Español:
https://www.instructables.com/id/Péndulo-De-Newton-Con-Electricidad-Newtons-Pendulu/
Dedicated to: my mother and my father for the support, and my friend Oscar Mendez.
