Introduction: Setup a Raspberry Pi Without an External Monitor or Keyboard
You no longer need an external monitor, keyboard, and mouse to get started with Raspberry Pi, there's another solution - headless mode.
Step 1: Hardware Components
- Raspberry pi 3 Model B+
- SD Card Adapter
- microSD Card
- Computer with SD Slot (or an appropriate SD card adapter)
- Micro-USB to USB Cable
- Wi-Fi Router
Step 2: Installing the Operating System
- Download Raspbian and extract the.img file.
- On Windows, right-click on the Zip file in your downloads folder and click Extract All.
- Insert the microSD into your computer's SD card slot via the SD card adapter.
- Next, you'll need to flash the Raspbian image to the microSD with the help of Win32DiskImager but before that you need to format your SD card by using SDFormatter.
- SSH access is disabled by default. To enable it, create an empty file in the boot drive called ssh.
- On Windows, inside the boot directory, right-click in the white space, scroll to New and select Text Document. Enter ssh as the name.
Step 3: Connecting to the Network
On Mac/Linux
- Create a new file in the boot drive called wpa_supplicant.conf.
- Follow code step below.
On Windows
- Download and install Notepad++ from here.
- Once installed, inside Notepad++ go to File > New to create a new file.
- In the top bar, select Edit > EOL Conversion. Make sure Unix (LF) is selected. It should appear disabled if it is.
- Select File > Save as, navigate to your boot drive and call the file wpa_supplicant.conf.
All OSs
- Paste in the code below labeled wpa_supplicant.conf
- Replace Your-SSID with your WiFi network, and Your-PSK with your WiFi password. This file will tell the Raspberry Pi to connect to the specified network when it boots up.
NOTE: Make sure your computer is connected to the same network as your Raspberry Pi.
Step 4: Booting Up the Board
- Eject the microSD card and insert it into the Raspberry Pi's microSD slot.
- Connect the PWR IN micro USB on your Raspberry Pi to a 5v power source (e.g. your computer's USB port).
- Wait for the board to boot up - the green LED should stop flashing when it's finished booting up.
Step 5: Get Your Raspberry Pi's IP Address
Login to your router
- If you have access to your router, you can login to it's admin panel via a browser. It's usually something like 192.168.0.1, 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.1.254.
- Look at the list of devices and find the IP address of your Pi. It should look something like 192.168.1.8.
Please note When entering a password in terminal or command prompt, you won't see it being typed, for security reasons. Simply type the password and hit the enter key.
Step 6: Connecting to Raspberry Pi Via SSH
On Windows
- Download Putty from hereto allow you to communicate with your board via SSH.
- Under Host Name (or IP address) enter the IP address for your Raspberry Pi.
- Click the Open button to create the connection.
On Mac and Linux
- Open a terminal window, and run ssh pi@ip-address.
- Replace ip-address with the one you attained in the previous step.
- You will be prompted to enter a password - the default password is raspberry.
That's it! You're now connected to your Raspberry Pi via SSH. You can configure the board by running
sudo raspi-config
Step 7: Code(wpa_supplicant.conf)
country=IE
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev update_config=1 network={ scan_ssid=1 ssid="Your-SSID" psk="Your-PSK" key_mgmt=WPA-PSK }