A Breath for the Planet: Homemade Solar Panel

The "Homemade Solar Panel" project emerges within a global context increasingly aware of the importance of sustainability and the utilization of renewable energy sources. Focused on photovoltaic solar energy, this innovative project aims to create a homemade, scale-model solar panel to demonstrate the functionality of this system. Beyond being merely a functional device, this project addresses a real issue: the scarcity of electrical power faced by many communities, especially those located in remote areas like Ocuviri, Peru.

The central objective is to provide a short and long-term solution for renewable energy use, starting with an accessible and scalable prototype. Demonstrating the charging of cell phones through the solar panel showcases the system's functionality and its ability to generate electricity from sunlight, validating its utility and relevance in daily life.

In addition to the primary objectives, the project focuses on creating a scale model and studying in-depth the photoelectric effect and solar panel technology. A non-profit approach is sought to provide electrical energy, benefiting disadvantaged communities and promoting a more sustainable future.

In theoretical terms, the project analyzes the physical principles behind solar energy, the conversion of sunlight into electrical currents, and the operation of solar panels. The methodology employed is based on careful planning, theoretical research, and creative design, with special attention to safety and precision in material and tool handling.

This project represents a step toward a more sustainable and accessible future for disadvantaged communities, combining theoretical knowledge and practical skills to make a significant contribution to the field of renewable energy and improve the quality of life for people facing energy challenges.

Supplies

Requirements for the Proposed Solution

Materials:

Wooden structure in a pyramid shape
Thin copper wires for conducting electrical energy
Diodes for solar energy conversion
Hemp threads to support copper circuits
Decorative/colorful sheets for aesthetics

Supplies:

Materials Quantity Unit Price (Per Store) Image
Wood planks 4 S/ 35.6 - Sodimac Image
Hemp thread 1 S/ 11.7 - Indutech Image
Colorful sheets 20 Accessible/Free (household material)
Nails 4 Accessible/Free (school material)
Diodes 360 S/ 0.6 - Indutech
Copper cables 48 (1 meter each) S/ 1.7 - Indutech
Test cell phone 1 Accessible/Free (household material)
Artificial solar panels 2 S/ 120 - Indutech Image
Wooden heels 3 Accessible/Free (school material)
Hot glue gun 2 Accessible/Free (household material)
Tin 1 Accessible/Free (school material)
Soldering brush 1 S/ 32.90 - Sodimac
Soldering iron stand 1 S/ 43.40 - Sodimac
Pliers 4 Accessible/Free (household and school material)
Hammer 1 Accessible/Free (household material)
Scissors 1 Accessible/Free (household material)
Cutter 2 S/ 2.30 - Indutech Image
USB female connector 1 S/ 5 - Indutech
USB hub 1 S/ 30 - Indutech
Crocodile cables 4 Accessible/Free (household and school material)
Total: 462 - S/ 805.3 (214 dollars)

Tools:

Round-nose pliers for stripping copper wires
Scissors and cutter for cutting materials
Hot glue gun for securing components
Soldering brush and iron for soldering diodes to copper circuits
Wooden heels for mounting solar panels
Hammer for construction tasks
Measurements and Quantities:
Approximately 1 large wood plank for the structure
Around 360 diodes for panel assembly
About 48 copper cables, each 1 meter long
Hemp threads for wrapping 8 designed layers
2 artificial solar panels for complete amperage
Dimensions will vary based on design and scale
Electrical Components:
Copper wires and diodes for electrical connections
Artificial solar panels for energy conversion
Safety Equipment:
Protective gloves for handling hot materials
Special mask for soldering fumes
Eye protection goggles
Measurement Devices:
Multimeter for voltage and amperage measurements
Instructions, Manuals, or Guidance:
Information from reliable internet sources and classroom content
Constant guidance from teachers

Budget:

Approximately S/ 1000 (266 dollars) for materials, instruments, and additional expenses

Timeline:

Project duration: maximum of 2 weeks
Initiated on July 24th, aiming to finish by August 25th
Available Resources:
Student's home (backyard)
STEAM Lab
Physics laboratory
Tools provided by teachers
Personal materials and devices
Transportation means (car)

Step 1: Planning and Theoretical Framework

Objective: This phase aims to lay the groundwork for the project by thoroughly understanding the theoretical principles behind solar energy conversion and devising a comprehensive plan for its implementation.

Activities:

1) Conduct Extensive Research:

Dive deep into the principles of physics governing solar energy conversion, including the photovoltaic effect, semiconductor behavior, and circuitry.
Study existing solar panel designs, their components, and their efficiency metrics to inform the design process.

2) Develop a Detailed Project Outline:

Create a comprehensive sketch or blueprint of the homemade solar panel, incorporating elements such as the wooden pyramid structure, placement of diodes, wiring configuration, and supplementary solar panels.
Outline the workflow and timeline for each stage of the project, from material procurement to experimentation and evaluation.

3) Identify Necessary Materials and Safety Equipment:

Compile a detailed list of all materials required for construction, including wood planks, copper wires, diodes, and safety equipment like gloves, masks, and goggles.
Research reputable suppliers for each item and estimate costs to ensure budget adherence.

4) Establish Safety Protocols:

Develop safety protocols and guidelines for working with potentially hazardous materials and equipment.
Ensure that the workspace is well-ventilated, organized, and equipped with fire extinguishers and first-aid kits.

Step 2: Material Procurement and Safety Preparation

Objective: This phase focuses on acquiring all necessary materials and ensuring a safe working environment before commencing construction.

Activities:

1) Procure Materials:

Purchase all materials and supplies from identified suppliers, ensuring quality and compatibility with the project's specifications.
Verify quantities and inspect items upon delivery to confirm they meet the required standards.

2) Secure Safety Equipment:

Obtain safety equipment such as gloves, masks, goggles, and aprons from reliable sources.
Educate project participants on the proper use and maintenance of safety gear to prevent accidents or injuries.

3) Prepare Workspace:

Clean and organize the workspace to minimize clutter and reduce the risk of accidents.
Set up designated areas for material storage, tool placement, and construction activities.
Ensure adequate lighting and ventilation to facilitate safe and efficient work practices.

Step 3: Construction and Fabrication

Objective: This phase involves the actual construction of the homemade solar panel according to the established design and specifications.

Activities:

1) Build Wooden Pyramid Structure:

Assemble the wooden planks into a sturdy pyramid-shaped structure, following the blueprint or sketch developed in the planning phase.
Use appropriate tools such as saws, drills, and hammers to cut, shape, and join the wood components securely.

2) Wire Diodes and Circuitry:

Strip copper wires and connect them to diodes according to the predetermined wiring configuration.
Ensure proper insulation and secure connections to prevent electrical shorts or malfunctions.

3) Install Diodes and Supplementary Panels:

Mount the diodes onto the wooden structure using hemp threads, positioning them at optimal angles to maximize sunlight exposure.
Incorporate additional artificial solar panels as needed to enhance energy generation and efficiency.

4) Test Structural Integrity:

Conduct thorough inspections of the constructed panel to verify its structural integrity and stability.
Make any necessary adjustments or reinforcements to ensure the panel can withstand environmental conditions and operational stresses.

Step 4: Experimentation and Testing

Objective: This phase focuses on evaluating the functionality and performance of the homemade solar panel through systematic experimentation and testing.

Activities:

1) Setup Test Environment:

Position the completed solar panel in an area with ample sunlight exposure, ensuring unobstructed access to direct sunlight throughout the day.
Securely anchor the panel to prevent displacement or damage during testing.

2) Monitor Energy Output:

Use a multimeter to measure voltage and amperage generated by the solar panel at regular intervals.
Record data meticulously, noting variations in energy production based on factors such as time of day, weather conditions, and panel orientation.

3) Assess Performance:

Analyze experimental results to assess the functionality, efficiency, and reliability of the homemade solar panel.
Identify any discrepancies or anomalies that may indicate operational issues or design flaws.

4) Make Adjustments:

Implement necessary adjustments or modifications to optimize the panel's performance, such as adjusting diode angles, refining wiring connections, or adding supplementary panels.
Repeat testing procedures to validate the effectiveness of adjustments and improvements.

Step 5: Presentation and Evaluation

Objective: This phase involves presenting the finished project and evaluating its success based on predefined criteria and objectives.

Activities:

1) Prepare Formal Presentation:

Develop a structured presentation outlining the project's objectives, methodology, experimental findings, and conclusions.
Create visual aids, such as slideshows or demonstration videos, to enhance understanding and engagement.

2) Demonstrate Functionality:

Conduct a live demonstration of the homemade solar panel to the instructor and classmates, showcasing its functionality and performance.
Highlight key features, design elements, and innovations incorporated into the panel during construction.

3) Solicit Feedback and Evaluation:

Encourage peers and instructors to provide feedback on the project's design, execution, and outcomes.
Evaluate the project's success against predefined criteria, such as energy production efficiency, structural integrity, and innovation.

4) Reflect and Document:

Reflect on the project's challenges, successes, and lessons learned throughout the entire process.
Document all aspects of the project, including presentations, feedback, evaluations, and reflections, for future reference and continuous improvement.

Step 6: Error Analysis and Adjustment

Objective: This phase involves identifying and addressing any errors, deficiencies, or shortcomings encountered during the project's execution.

Activities:

1) Analyze Errors and Deficiencies:

Conduct a comprehensive analysis of errors, deficiencies, or unexpected outcomes encountered during the project.
Identify root causes and contributing factors underlying each issue to inform corrective actions.

2) Determine Necessary Adjustments:

Propose and prioritize adjustments or modifications to address identified errors or deficiencies effectively.
Consider factors such as feasibility, resource availability, and potential impact on project outcomes when selecting adjustment strategies.

3) Implement Changes:

Execute approved adjustments or modifications systematically, ensuring proper communication, coordination, and documentation throughout the process.
Monitor the effects of implemented changes and make further adjustments as needed to achieve desired results.

Step 7: Documentation and Reflection

Objective: This phase involves documenting the project's process and outcomes comprehensively and reflecting on the overall experience for future learning and improvement.

Activities:

1) Compile Comprehensive Documentation:

Gather and organize all project-related documentation, including research materials, design sketches, construction plans, test data, and adjustment records.
Ensure documentation is complete, accurate, and accessible for future reference and analysis.

2) Reflect on Project Experience:

Engage in structured reflection on the project's overall experience, including successes, challenges, and areas for improvement.
Consider the project's broader implications for renewable energy technology, sustainability, and interdisciplinary learning.

3) Share Findings and Insights:

Communicate project findings, insights, and lessons learned to relevant stakeholders, including peers, instructors, and the broader community.
Disseminate information through reports, presentations, articles, or other suitable channels to contribute to knowledge sharing and continuous improvement initiatives.