Introduction: Arduino Ultrasonic Sensor Module Tutorial for Beginners (HC-SR04)
Hello There Fellow Electronic Enthusiasts and Hobbyists! We integrate different sensors with our Arduino Board for different applications; here is another Sensor Tutorial where we will integrate “Ultrasonic Sensor Module” or “HC-SR01 Module” on our Arduino Board!
So let’s get started!
Step 1: Watch the Video
Step 2: Gather the Requirements
1. Arduino Uno (any Arduino Board)
https://in.gearbest.com/development-boards/pp_6297...
2. Ultra Sonic Sensor Module
https://in.gearbest.com/development-boards/pp_1989...
3. Connecting Wires
Step 3: Understanding the Working of Ultra Sonic Module
So this HC-SR04 Module consists of 5 major parts namely
- Transmitter
- Receiver
- Microcontroller unit
- Transmitting Amplifier
- Receiving amplifier
We will use Speed Time and Distance relation Formula which is
Time = Distance /Speed
we will modify this formula according to our conditions and use case.
we have, Ultrasonic Sound wave of 40KHertz.
the speed for us here is Speed of Sound, which is 340 m/s
we need our calculations in cm, so we have Speed = 0.034 cm/us ( Cm per Micro Second)
now the distance becomes
Distance = 0.034 * Time / 2
(here we want time of travel from point A to B, but the wave is going from A to B and returns to A so the time is divided by 2)
so we will get the time from our Module via Echo pin from our Module.
Step 4: Connections
Connections Part is Very Simple
connect the
Vcc to 5V
Ground to Ground of Arduino
Trig to Digital Pin 9
Echo to Digital Pin 10
Attachments
Step 5: Code
We will first Declare Constants and variables
<p>const int trigPin = 9;<br>const int echoPin = 10;</p><p>long duration; int distance;</p>
Next, In Void setup, we will define Pin modes of Trigger and Echo pins and then initializes the Serial Com
<p>void setup()<br> { pinMode(trigPin,OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an Output pinMode(echoPin,INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an Input Serial.begin(9600); // Starts the serial communication }</p>
Then, we will clear the Trigger Pin with a 2 microsecond Low pulse, and then we will trigger the Pin 9 using a 10 Microsecond high Pulse.
This when received on Micro-Controller unit of module, it transmits a train of 8 pulse cycles.
<p>void loop() <br>{ digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); // Clears the trigPin delayMicroseconds(2); // Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); // write the Trigger for MCU on Module delayMicroseconds(10); digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); // Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Using the Formula distance= duration*0.034/2;</p><p>Serial.print("Distance: ");</p><p> Serial.println(distance);// Prints the distance on the Serial Monitor</p><p>}</p>
So now the data received on receiver will be stored in variable called as Duration, and finally we will Implement our Formula in a Variable called Distance and at the end of this Code, we will Display “ Distance “ in Serial Com port using ‘serial.println’ command.
And once the code is done, simply upload it to your Arduino board and we are all set to receive distance from our sensor module!
Step 6: Conclusion
So you can use this project and make your own electronic scale or something more complicated like some automation application!
Whatever you make! Do share it with me on "I made it " tab of this article