Pi Electric Cycle

The circle is the most simple shape. It is a closed curve.

The circle word is derived from Greek. In greek it implies ring or loop. The relationship between the circle and our world or the entire universe is very relatable. Natural circles are Sun and Moon. Circle has a prominent part in the development of geometry, astronomy, and other science fields. The circle is the basis for many modern types of machinery such as wheels and gears.

Below we can see how Pi(π)can be used and its calculation.

Step 1: Video Demonstration

Step 2:

Step 3: Materials Required

Step 4: Motor

Many of us could have come across this Hobby DC motors through kids toys such as remote controlled cars, trains etc....Hence this motor is also called as Toy motor.

This motor can also be used for many other common purposes and is mostly used by beginner level electronics hobbyist.Here I used this for compact purpose.

Step 5: Lipo Battery

Now we almost have everything we need except a power source. A power source that can provide enough energy to power up all the sensors, motors, and the microcontroller, etc. For that, we will use a current source such as a battery or a power adapter.

A lithium polymer battery, or more correctly lithium-ion polymer battery (abbreviated as LiPo, LIP, Li-poly, lithium-poly, and others), is a rechargeable battery of lithium-ion technology using a polymer electrolyte instead of a liquid electrolyte.
These batteries provide higher specific energy than other lithium battery types and are used in applications where weight is a critical feature, such as mobile devices, radio-controlled aircraft, and some electric vehicles.

Step 6: LED

LED is a kind of electronic part. Electrical energy can be transformed to light energy and has the characteristics of the diode at the same time(that means LED also has one positive and one negative). The most special of LED is, electricity can only glow from the positive one.

Step 7: Switch

It is a 6 pin On-Off Switch. We are using only 4 pins.

“ON” means the switch is closed i.e. current can pass through it.

When we say “OFF”, the circuit is OPEN, no current passes through it.

When the switch is “ON” it connects two sides of the wires and OFF it disconnects two wires.

Step 8: Diameter,Circumference,Radius

There are three important measurements related to circles that you need to know:

The diameter is the distance between two opposite points on a circle. It goes through its center, and its length is twice the radius.

The radius is the distance from the center of a circle to its outer rim.

The circumference (or perimeter) is the distance around a circle.

Using these measurements we can find Pi(π)ourselves.

Pi occurs in many areas of mathematics, far too many to list here.

The study of Pi begins around middle school when students learn about the circumference and area of circles.

Step 9: Circumferences and Area of a Circle.

The definition of pi gives us a way to calculate the circumference.

The circumference of a circle is the distance around a circle.

If π = Cd,

then C = πd.

You can also calculate the circumference of a circle with C = 2πr.

where,

C = Circumference

π = Pi(3.141592...)

d = diameter of the circle

The area of a circle is A = πr2.

Step 10: Cylinder ,Sphere, Cone

The surface area of a cylinder is 2πr(r+h)

The volume of a cylinder is πr2h.

The surface of the cylinder has two round bases and a curved side. Firstly, on observing the figure we find that there are two circles and a rectangle.

one of the circles lies at the top and one at the bottom of the cylinder. Also, both circles are of the same size. Besides, the curved surface of the rectangle is the rectangle.

Now let’s figure out the formula.

The figure has two round circles one at the top and one at the bottom.

The area of Top circle is πr2

The area of the bottom circles is πr2.

Total Area of the circle = Area of Top Circle + Area of Bottom Circle

= πr2+ πr2

= 2πr2

The radius of the cylinder will be the same as the radius of the base and top that is ‘r’.

So, the areas of the rectangle = length × breadth

= 2πr * h

The surface area of a cylinder is 2πr(r+h)

Derivation of the Formula:

2π = refers to the values of the circle in pi

r = refers to the radius of the cylinder

h = is the height of the cylinder

The volume of the cylinder is V = Area of the Circle * Height of the Cylinder

The volume of the cylinderis πr2h

Sphere:

The surface area of a sphere is 4 πr2.
The volume of a sphere is 4/3 πr3.

The area of a disk enclosed by a circle of radius R is πr2

The formula for the circumference of a circle of radius R is 2πr2

A simple calculus check reveals that the latter is the derivative of the former with respect to R.

Similarly, the volume of a ball enclosed by a sphere of radius R is (4/3)*π*R3.

The volume of a sphere is 4/3 πr3.

And the formula for the surface area of a sphere of radius R is 4*πr2.

The surface area of a sphere is 4 πr2.

The surface area of a cone is πrl + πr2.

The volume of a cone is 1/3 πr2h.

Cone:

The surface area of a cone is the sum of the area of the slanted curved surface and the area of the circular base.

The base area of a cone, B = πr²
Where r = the base radius of the cone

Lateral Surface Area of a Cone:

The curved surface of a cone can be viewed as a triangle whose base length is equal to 2πr (circumference of a circle) and its height is equal to the slanted height (l) of the cone.

Since we know, the area of a triangle = ½ base of the cone*height of the cone

Lateral surface area = 1/2×l×2πr

The lateral surface area of a cone = πrl

The surface area of a cone formula:

The total surface area of a cone = Base area + latera surface area.

The total surface area of a cone = πr2 + πrl

Total surface area of a cone = πr (l + r) or

Total surface area of a cone is πrl +πr2

The volume of a cone is 1/3 πr2h

Step 11: Pi

Pi is a mathematical constant that measures the ratio of a circle’s diameter – that is, a line that passes through the center of a circle and has both ends on that circle – and its circumference, the entire distance around the circle’s edge.

Pi is an irrational number; its value can be calculated to any number of places without ever repeating. It is also transcendental, meaning it will never “end.”

Though it can never be understood completely, it is one of the most important constants, since it appears often in many different formulas.

Definition of Pi:

The circumference is divided by the Diameter of the circle.

The Value of Pi is 3.141592653589793238

approximately Pi ~ = 3.14

A quick and easy approximation for Pi is 22/7...

Step 12: Finding Pi Using Circumference and Diameter

Draw a circle or take something like a circular shape.

Measure around the edge(which is Circumference):

Check the above images.

Measure the Circle(which is Diameter)

Edge of the plate = 15.7 cm

Center of the plate = 5

Now, Divide 15.7/5

This is close to 3.14 (i.e)Pi

Step 13: Find Circumference Using Pi and Diameter

If we know the Diameter we can easily find the circumference,

Circumference = ( ) Pi * Diameter

Example: Let's consider You walked in a park around a circle which has a diameter of 150 m, How far have you walked?

Distance Walked = Circumference(perimeter of the circle)

= Pi * 150 m

= 3.14 * 150 m

Distance Walked = 471 m

You have walked in a park around 471 m.

Step 14: Find Diameter Using Pi and Circumference

If we know the Circumference we can easily find the Diameter,

Example: Tom measured 83 mm around the outside of the tube. What is its Diameter?

Diameter = 83 / Pi

= 83 / 3.14

= 26.43 mm

Diameter ~ 26 mm

The diameter of the tube is 26 mm.

Step 15: Radius

The radius is nothing but half of the diameter, so we can also say:

For a circle with a radius of 1

the distance halfway around the circle is Pi = 3.14159265......

Step 16: Starting With 3D Print : Front and Back Wheel of the Pi Electric Cycle

Step 17: Starting With 3D Print : Pi of the Pi Electric Cycle

Step 18: 3D Parts: Other Parts of the Pi Electric Cycle

Step 19: 3D Parts - Handle, Bottle, Wheels Setup

Fix the two handles on the left and right sides of the Pi 3D parts.

Place the bottle in the center of the Pi Electric cycle.

Step 20: Small Creation Using Pi Electric Circle 3D Parts

Step 21: Full Assembly 3D Parts

Step 22: Physical Building : Motor Setup

Place the wheel in between the holes and fix the motor along with wheels and Pi parts.

Step 23: Physical Building: LED Setup

Connect the LED to the Other side of the Pi parts and insert the wires with the given slot.

Step 24: Physical Building: Battery Setup

Place the mini Lipo battery in the center of the slot.

Step 25: 3D Image : Full Setup

Step 26: 3D Printing : Ultimaker Cura

Export each component as an STL file, and send them to the Ultimaker Cura 3D printing software.

I used the following settings in the Creality Ender 3D printer.

Printer Nozzle Size: 1mm

Supports: enabled

Retraction distance: 10 mm

Retraction retract speed: 60 mm/sec

Prime speed: 30 mm/sec

Z hop when retracted: enabled

Max Z speed: 120 mm/s

Z hop height: 1 mm

Travel speed: 200 mm/s

Layer height: 0.15 mm

Print temp initial layer: 200 Temperatures

Print Bed Temperature: 60 Temperatures

Main Printing Temperature: 180 Temperature (degrees) for main print t

empOverhang: 30 degrees

Brim: enabled

support Pattern: Grid Support

Placement: Touching build Plate Support

Overhanging angle: 45

All the other settings: default

Material: PLA

Infill Density: 10

Initial Layer height: 0.2

Step 27: Wiring Diagram

Step 28: Thank You!!! Have a Great Day