A very cool and simple project which is extremely fun to operate. It has two types of instruments in it one being an 8-key piano and the other a 6-drum set .Hands-free all the way. Not too difficult to make but not too easy either.But don't worry this instruct-able will take you step by step on how to complete the aripinstrument . After completion you can develop tweaks in software , hardware or design and share or publish the new and improved design.

Skills needed:

Basic soldering
Basic understanding of analog and digital data and data retrieval methods.
A bit of python skills(not much actually as this instruct-able will show you how each line of code operates)

So, all the best on making this little instrument.

Step 1: Materials Required

The Materials are not too costly and have good robust characteristics and a long life.

Here's your list:-

A Raspberry pi 2 or above with Raspbian or NOOBS OS.(I used a pi 3 model B with built in WiFi)
An SD card with 4 gigs or higher.(I used a 32 gig micro SD card)
A micro USB cable with adapter.(or else You could also use a power bank if you want it to be mobile)
All the peripherals namely mouse and keyboard.
An ADS1115 analog to digital converter.
A sharp IR distance sensor(GP2Y0A21YK0F is what I used)
A basic breadboard.
Jumper wires mainly male to female and male to male.
A container to house the electronics.(optional)
A small CPU fan for the RPI.(optional)

Step 2: Initial I2c Setup After Setting Up the RPI

Before we go on with the wiring first we need to enable the I2C bus.

What is an I2C bus?

Well basically its just a way or communication medium used by peripherals such as the ADC(Analog to Digital converter) uses here to talk with the computer(here RPI).

So to toggle the I2C bus on we can either enter in the terminal

 sudo raspi-config

else at the GUI interface we could go to the start button>> preferences>>Raspberry config and in advanced settings you can enable I2C .

After enabling I2C reboot the RPI.

Step 3: Connections

The connections are not at all tricky in this one.

First,

Place the ADC on the breadboard in a vertical fashion.
Now connect the GND pin of the rpi to GND on the ADC and the GND in the sensor to the GND pin.(blue)
Then the 3v pin to the VCC pin on ADC.(red)
Then the SDA pin to the SDA pin to the ADC.(orange)
The SCL pin to ADC SCL pin.(green)
Then the signal pin from sensor to the A0 pin on ADC.(yellow)

That's it! You have successfully completed the connections part of it.

Step 4: The Coding

The coding for this project is really simple (i would suggest to make your own code suitable for you)

Here is the code though:

Firstly install pygame on your rpi to play the sounds:

<p>from time import sleep
import pygame
import Adafruit_ADS1x15</p><p>adc = Adafruit_ADS1x15.ADS1115(address=0x48, busnum=1)</p><p>GAIN=1</p><p>pygame.mixer.pre_init(44100, -16, 12, 512)
pygame.init()</p><p>ton1 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/c.wav')
ton1.set_volume(1.00);
ton2 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/d.wav')
ton2.set_volume(1.00);
ton3 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/e.wav')
ton3.set_volume(1.00);
ton4 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/f.wav')
ton4.set_volume(1.00);
ton5 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/g.wav')
ton5.set_volume(1.00);
ton6 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/a.wav')
ton6.set_volume(1.00);
ton7 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/b.wav')
ton7.set_volume(1.00);
ton8 = pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/c2.wav')
ton8.set_volume(1.00);
ton9 =  pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/beep.wav')
ton9.set_volume(1.00);
dton1 =  pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/open.wav')
dton1.set_volume(.65);
dton2 =  pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/kick.wav')
dton2.set_volume(.65);
dton3 =  pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/cymbal.wav')
dton3.set_volume(.65);
dton4 =  pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/snare.wav')
dton4.set_volume(.65);
dton5 =  pygame.mixer.Sound('Piano/closed.wav')
dton5.set_volume(.65);
while 1:
 while 1:
    value = [0]
    value[0] = adc.read_adc(0, gain=GAIN)
    val=value[0]/32767.0 * 6.144
    if val < 4.7 and val > 3.7:
     ton1.play()
    if val < 3.7 and val > 3.0:
     ton2.play()
    if val < 3.0 and val > 2.6:
     ton3.play()
    if val < 2.6 and val > 2.15:
     ton4.play()     
    if val < 2.15 and val > 2.00:
     ton5.play()
    if val < 2.00 and val > 1.77:
     ton6.play()
    if val < 1.77 and val > 1.45:
     ton7.play()
    if val < 1.45 and val > 1.36:
     ton8.play() 
    if val < 1.2 and val > 0.99 :
     ton9.play()
     sleep(2)
     break; 
    sleep(0.1)
 while 1:</p><p>    value = [0]
    value[0] = adc.read_adc(0, gain=GAIN)
    val=value[0]/32767.0 * 6.144
    if val < 4.7 and val > 3.7:
     dton1.play()
    if val < 3.7 and val > 3.0:
     dton2.play()
    if val < 3.0 and val > 2.6:
     dton3.play()
    if val < 2.6 and val > 2.15:
     dton4.play()
    if val < 2.15 and val > 2.00:
     dton5.play()
    if val < 1.2 and val > 0.99 :
     ton9.play()
     sleep(2)
     break;
    if val < 0.9 and val > 0.8:
     exit 0
    sleep(0.1)</p>